give 
I'll I/I'M you nut for dead, and by yourself, 
And shew the instruuu'ni. 
/.'"<. and Ft., Thierry and Thcodoret, iv. 1. 
The night was distinguished by the orders which he.w n 
out to his army, that they should t.irbear all insulting ot 
their enemies. .I'/.//*"//. 
The number slain is generally believed nineh greater 
than is given out. \Valpole, Letters, II. 21. 
(rf) To represent ; represent as being ; deelare or pretend 
to be. 
It is the ... bitter disposition of Beatrice that ... so 
gives me out. Shah., Much Ado, ii. 1. 
() In music, to enunciate or play over ; of a voice-part in 
a contrapuntal work, to enunciate (a theme); of an organ- 
ist, to play over (a hymn-tune) before it is sung. To give 
over. [Now more commonly to '/ire HI/ in all uses.] (a) 
To abandon ; relinquish. 
We pray you, for your own sake, to embrace your own 
safety, and give oner this attempt. 
tihak., As you Like it, i. 2. 
If such ships come not, they yiue ouer taking any more. 
Capt. John Smith, Works, II. 249. 
God was not angry with Moses, so as that he gave ovei 
his purpose of delivering Israel. Donne, Sermons, v. 
(/>) To abandon all hope of. 
Not one foretells I shall recover ; 
But all agree to (five me over. 
Swift, Death of Dr. Swift. 
(<0 To devote or addict. 
Humane nature retains an abhorrency of sin, so far that 
it is impossible for men to have the same esteem of those 
who are given over to all manner of wickedness. 
Stillingfleet, Sermons, I. ii. 
To give place to, to yield precedence or superiority to ; 
make way for. 
I went to the Jesuites College againe, the front whereoff 
gives place to few for its architecture. 
Evelyn, Diary, Nov. 23, 1644. 
When the day grows too busy for these gentlemen to en- 
joy any longer the pleasures of their dishabille with any 
manner of confidence, they give place to men who . . . 
come to the colfee-house either to trausact alfairs, or en- 
joy conversation. Steele, Spectator, No. 49. 
To give rise, to give origin, cause, or occasion. 
Very trifling circumstances often nice rise to the most 
injurious tales. Sheridan, School for Scandal, i. 1. 
In addition to feelings of contact or pressure referred to 
the sensory surface, contact may give rise to a sensation of 
temperature, according as the thing touched feels hot or 
cold. Encun. Brit., XXIII. 478. 
To give the boo, to give the butt, etc. See the nouns. 
To give the cold shoulder. See cold. "So give the 
day. See to give (one) the time of day. To give the 
devil his due. See dtcil.To give the glauiB. See 
glaik.lo give the gleekt. See gleeki. To give the 
handt. See luiiul.To give the hand of. See hand. 
To give the lie, or give the lie to, to contradict; de- 
clare or prove to be false or untrue. 
Beside, to tell you the truth, I have heard of you, that 
you are a man whose religion lies in talk, and that your 
conversation gives this your mouth-profession the lie. 
Bunyan, Pilgrim's Progress, p. 150. 
It was an Alderney cow. . . . Her eyes were mild, and 
soft, and bright. Her legs were like the legs of a deer ; 
and in her whole gait and demeanour she almost gave 
the lie to her own name. Trollope, Beltou Estate, I. 9!). 
To give the mitten, see mitten. To give tongue, to 
set up a bark ; break out barking, as at the sight of game : 
said of dogs. 
At noon he crossed the track of a huge timber- wolf ; in- 
stantly the dog gave tongue, and, rallying its strength, 
ran along the trail. The Century, XXXVI. 835. 
To give up. (a) To resign; quit; abandon as hopeless 
or useless : as, to gi oe up a cause ; to give up the argu- 
ment. 
But you say he has entirely given np Charles never 
sees him, hey? Sheridan, School for Scandal, ii. 3. 
(D) To surrender; relinquish; cede: as, to give up a for- 
tress to an enemy ; in this treaty the Spaiiiards gave np 
Louisiana. 
My last is said. Let me give rip my soul 
Into thy bosom. 
Beau, and Fl., Maid's Tragedy, v. 4. 
(ct) To deliver; make public ; show up. 
And Joab gave up the sum of the number of the people 
unto the king. 2 Sam. xxiv. 9. 
I'll not state them 
By giving up their characters. Beau-, and Fl. 
(d) To despair of the recovery of ; abandon hope in regard 
to: as, the doctors gave him up. To give up the ghost. 
See.'/A(f. To give way. (a) To yield; withdraw; make 
room. 
At this the Croud gave way, 
Yielding, like Waves of a divided Sea. 
Congreve, Iliad. 
(M) To yield assent; give permission. 
The President had occasion of other imploiment foi 
them, and/niif miyto Master Wyffln and Sarieant leffrey 
Abbot, to ^'cie and stab them or shoot them. 
Quoted in Capt. John Smith's Works, I. 231. 
At length, after much debate of things, the Govr . . . 
gave waii that they should set corne every man for his 
owne perticuler. /.//,,(. Plymouth Plantation, p. 134. 
(c) To fail; yield to force; break or fall; break down: 
as, the ice gave initi, and the horses were drowned; the 
scaffolding gave way; the wheels or axletree gave way. 
The truest sense and knowledge of our duty give way In 
the presence of mighty temptations. 
i:/>. Atifrlmrii, Sermons, II. xiv. 
2523 
((/) Xaut., to begin or resume rowing, or to increase one's 
exertions: chiefly in the Imperative, as an outer to a 
boat's crew. To give way to, to make way for; retire 
or recede in favor or on account of: as, to gioe way to 
one's superiors. 
Through a large part of several English shires the 
names which the English had given to the spots which 
they wrested from the Briton gave way to new names 
which marked the coming of another race of conquerors. 
/..'. A. Freeman, Amer. Lects., p. 150. 
-Syn, Qive, Confer, Bestow, Present, Grant, Give is ge- 
neric, covering the others, and applying equally to things 
tangible and intangible : as, to give a man a penny, a 
hearing, one's confidence. Conferring is generally the act 
of a superior allowing that which might be withheld : as, 
to confer knighthood or a boon. Bestow and grant em- 
phasize the gratuitonsness of the gift somewhat more 
than the others. Present implies some formality in the 
act of giving and considerable value in the gift. Grant 
may presuppose a request, may imply formality in the giv- 
ing, and may express an act of a sovereign or a govern- 
ment: as, to grant land for a hospital; but it has broader 
uses : as, to grant a premise. 
For generous lords had rather gire than pay. Young. 
The publick marks of honour and reward, 
Coi\t'err'd upon me. Milton, 8. A., 1. 993. 
The Lord magnified Solomon, . . . and bestowed upon 
him such royal majesty as had not been on any king be- 
fore him in Israel. 1 Chron. xxix. 25. 
They presented unto him gifts, gold and frankincense 
and myrrh. Mat. ii. 11. 
0, wherefore did God grant me my request? 
Milton, S. A., 1. 356. 
II. intrans. 1. To transfer or impart gratui- 
tously something valuable ; tran sf er that which 
is one's own to another without compensation ; 
make a gift or donation. 
It is more blessed to give than to receive. Acts xx. 35. 
2. To yield, as from pressure, failure, soften- 
ing, decay, etc.: fall away; draw back;, relax; 
become exhausted. 
Some things are harder when they come from the flre, 
and afterwards give again and grow soft. 
Bacon, Xat. Hist. 
Now back he giues, then rushes on amain. 
Daniel, Civil Wars. 
Only a sweet and virtuous soul, 
Like seasoned timber, never gives. 
&. Herbert, Vertue. 
His face is pale, his gait is shuffling, his elbows are 
gone, his boots are giving at the toes. 
IT. Besant, Fifty Years Ago, p. 50. 
3. To open, or afford an opening, entrance, or 
view; lead: with into, on, or upon. [A Gal- 
licism: F. donner sur.~\ 
The crazy gateway giving upon the filthy lane. 
All the Year Round. 
A well-worn pathway courted us 
To one green wicket in a privet hedge ; 
This, yielding, gave into a grassy walk. 
Tennyson, Gardener's Daughter. 
A narrow corridor gave into a wide festival space. 
Howells, Their Wedding Journey, p. 107. 
To give att, to attack. Hares. 
Since that the plde poet perceiveth he cannot withhold 
our poet from his endevours, and put him to silence, he 
goetli about by taunts to terrific him from writing. And 
thus he gives at him. Terence in English (1614). 
To give back, to retire; withdraw; yield. 
The ground besprinkled was with blood, 
Tarqniu began to faint ; 
For he gave back, and bore his shield 
So low, he did repent. 
Sir Lancelot du Lake (Child's Ballads, I. 60). 
Then Christian pulled it out of his lx>som, and began to 
try at the dungeon door, whose bolt, as he turned the key. 
gave back. Bunyan, Pilgrim's Progress, p. 178. 
To give in, to give way ; yield ; confess one's self beaten ; 
confess one's self inferior to another ; submit. 
Women in shape and beauty men exceede : 
Here I give in, I doe confesse 't indeede. 
The Newe Metamorphosis, MS. temp. Jac. 1. 
If you do fight, fight it out; and don't give in while you 
can stand and see. T. Hughes, Tom Brown at Rugby, ii. 5. 
To give in to, to yield assent to ; adopt. 
As mirth is more apt to make proselytes than melan- 
choly, it is observed that the Italians have many of them 
for these late years given very far in to the modes and 
freedoms of the French. 
Addison, Remarks on Italy (ed. Bohn), I. 374. 
They give in to all the substantial luxuries of the table, 
and abstain from nothing but wine and wit. 
Sheridan, School for Scandal, iii. 3. 
Elizabeth was forced to give in to a little falsehood here ; 
for to acknowledge tht substance of their conversation 
was impossible. Jane Austen, Pride and Prejudice, p. 30ti. 
To give off, to cease ; forbear. [Rare. ] To give on*, to 
rush ; fall on. 
Your orders come too late, the fight's begun ; 
The enemy gives on with fury led. 
Drj/den, Indian Emperor. 
To give out, to become exhausted : as, the horses gave 
out at the next milestone ; the water gaiv mil. 
Madam, I always believ'd you so stout, 
That for twenty denials you would not give out. 
Swift, Grand Question Debated. 
Our deer were beginning to give out, and we were very 
anxious to reach Muouiov:ir;i in time for dinner. 
/.'. Tniilnr. Northern Travel, p. 151. 
gizzard 
To give over, to suspend or abandon effort; act no 
more ; stop. 
He cr\ 'd. " Let us freely <n>-t- "Vy." 
Kntin Hood nnd tlif Hunger (Child's Ballads, V. 209). 
They gave not over, though their enemies were strong 
and suttle. Milton, Apology for .Smectymnuus. 
It would be well for all authors if they knew when to 
give oner, and to desist from any further pursuits after 
fame. Addison. 
To give untot, to yield to; make allowance for. 
We must give, I say, 
t'ntn the motives, ami the stirrers up 
Of humours in the blood. 
B. Jfrnxon, Alchemist, iii. 1. 
To give up. (a) To abandon effort, expectation, or the 
like ; give out ; come to a stop. (b) To become moist, as 
dry salted fish when the salt deliquesces in a damp place. 
[Technical.] 
give 1 (giv), . [< flwel, r.] Capacity for yield- 
ing to pressure; yielding character or quality; 
yieldingness ; elasticity. 
Compared to the Frenchman, the American is more 
loosely hung together, and has more swing and give in gait 
and gesture. A. Rhodes, Monsieur at Home, p. 45. 
There was sufficient give in the velvet to prevent frac- 
ture of the material while drying. 
Tel. Jour, and Elect. Rev., XXII. 451. 
give 2 , v. See gyve. 
given (giv'n), p. a. 1. Granted; executed and 
delivered. Compare date 1 , 1. 
Yeoven at our manor of Greenwich the 1st day of Feb- 
ruary, in the 29th year of our reign. 
Queen Elizabeth (1587), Warrant for Execution of Mary, 
[Queen of Scots. 
2. Conferred; bestowed; imparted; not inher- 
ited or possessed naturally : as, a given name. 
3. Admitted ; supposed ; allowed as a sup- 
position; conceding: as, given A. and B, C fol- 
lows. 4. Specified or that might be specified 
or stated ; certain ; particular ; specifically, in 
math., virtually known or determined: as, a 
given magnitude that is, a known magnitude. 
When the position of a thing is known it is said to be given 
in position ; and the ratio between two quantities being 
known, these quantities are said to have a given ratio. 
According to the definitions of Euclid (in his " Data"), a 
magnitude is given when we can find another equal to it, 
a ratio is given when an identical ratio can be found, a po- 
sition is given when it remains constantly the same, etc. 
You can distinguish between individual people to such 
an extent that you have a general idea of how a given 
person will act when placed in gioeu circumstances. 
IT. A'. Clifford, Lectures, I. 76. 
Consciousness, unless as a definite consciousness, as a 
conscious act at a given time, is no consciousness. 
Veitch, Introd. to Descartes's Method, p. cxxvii. 
5. Disposed; addicted. [Now used only with 
specific qualification : as, given to drink ; given 
to exaggeration.] 
Pointe forth six of the best giuen lentlemen of this Court. 
Ascham, The Scholemaster, p. 67. 
Fear him not, Cresar, he's not dangerous ; 
He is a noble Roman, and well given. 
Shak., J. C., i. 2. 
I am mightily given to melancholy. 
B. Jonion, Every Man in his Humour, iii. 1. 
I found him garrulously given, 
A babbler in the land. 
Tennyson, The Talking Oak. 
Given bass, given part, in musical composition, a bass 
or other voice-part which is furnished or assumed as a 
fixed basis for the harmony. 
giver (giv'er), n. [Early mod. E. also geeer ;. 
< ME. gyrere, gevere, yerere (= D. flever = OHG. 
'gcbdri, kebdri, MHG. G. geber = Sw. gifvare = 
Dan. giver) ; < give 1 + -eri.] One who gives; a 
donor; a bestower; a grant er; one who im- 
parts, dispenses, distributes, or contributes. 
For God loueth a chearfull geuer. 
Bible 0/1561, 2 Cor. ix. 7. 
That which Moses spake unto givers, we must now in- 
culcate unto takers away from the Church. 
Hooker, Eccles. Polity, vii. 24. 
It is the giver, and not the gift, that engrosses the heart 
of the Christian. Kollock. 
gives, . pi. See gyres. 
givre (zhe'vr), . [F., a particular use of givre, 
hoar frost, dial, also icicle, = Pr. givre, gibre 
= Cat. gebre, hoar frost; origin obscure.] An 
efflorescence on vanilla-pods. See the extract. 
The best varieties of vanilla pods are of a dark choco- 
late brown or nearly black colour, and are covered with a 
crystalline efflorescence technically known as givre, the 
presence of which is taken as a criterion of quality. 
Encyc. Brit., XXIV. fifl. 
Giz, n. See Gee'z. 
gizz (giz), n. [Sc.] The face; countenance. 
Wi' reekit duds, an'reestit gizz, 
Ye did present your smoutie phizz 
Mang better folk. 
Burn*, Address to the De'il. 
gizzard (giz'iird), . [Formerly gisard; with 
excrescent d (or with term, -ard for orig. -er), 
< ME. giser (also giserne), < OF. f/c;icr, jiif/ier, 
jmier,F. gfttier, gizzard, < L. f/ii/crium, only in 
