glass-grinder 
glass-grinder (glas'grm'der), n. One whose oc- 
cupation is the grinding and polishing of glass. 
glass-grinding (glis'grln'ding), . The pro- 
cess of grinding glass as a preparation for pol- 
ishing it, or for the production of ground glass. 
glass-hard (glas'hiird), a. Hard as glass. 
Two similar rods of steel, 1.8""". In diameter and 0"". 
long, tempered ylnxx-lianl, one inserted in each spiral. 
Amer. Jour. Sci., 3d ser., XXXI. 257. 
glass-house (glas'hous), H. 1. A house where 
glass is made ; a manufactory of glass. 2. A 
greenhouse, as being glazed or covered in with 
glass. See glass house, under glass, a. 3. A 
room with a glass roof, in which the best ar- 
rangements of light and shade can be produced 
for photographing purposes. 
By looking at some point on the camera, which Is situ- 
ated in the darkest part of the glass-house, the eyes will 
be able to remain quite at ease. SUoer Sunbeam, p. 43. 
glassily (glas'i-li), adv. In a glassy manner; 
in such a way as to resemble glass. 
glassin, . See glossan. 
glassiness (glas'i-nes), n. [< glassy + -ness.'] 
The quality of being glassy; a vitreous ap- 
pearance. 
The glassyness (if I may be allowed the expression) of 
the surface throws, in my opinion, a false light on some 
parts of the picture. Smullett, France and Italy, xxxi. 
glassing (glas'ing), n. [Verbal n. of glass, t>.] 
A method of finishing or dressing leather by 
rubbing it with a slicker or glassing-jack. 
glassing-jack (glas'ing-jak), n. A machine for 
polishing and smoothing leather by means of 
a slicker of plate-glass. 
glassing-machine (glas'ing-ma-shen*), . Same 
as glassing-jack. 
The glassing-machine . . . was invented in 1871 and 
further improved in 1875 by John P. Friend, and is adapt- 
ed for work on all kinds of upper leather, sheep, goat, 
and Morocco. C. T. Dads, Leather, p. 458. 
G-lassite (glas'it), . [< Glass (see def.) + 
-ifc 2 . The Sc. name Glass is prob. < Gael, glas, 
gray: see Glas-.~\ A member of a religious sect 
in Scotland, founded by John Glass (1695- 
1773). See Sandemanian. 
glass-maker (glas'ma'ker), n. A maker of 
glass. Glass-maliers' chair, a bench having two arms 
of iron projecting horizontally far in front of the work- 
man when seated. On these arms he rolls the pontil, while 
fashioning the vessel at the extremity of it by means of in- 
struments held in his right hand. E. II. Knight, Glass- 
makers' soap. See glass-soap. 
glass-making (glas ' ma " king), . The mak- 
ing of glass or glassware. The process of making 
glass consists essentially of tha fusing together in a glass- 
furnace, usually in a fire-clay melting-pot or crucible, 
of the ingredients, after mixing them well, and the sub- 
sequent treatment of the molten mass or metal in ac- 
cordance with the quality of the product or the uses 
which it is to serve. After vitrification is complete and 
the scum of impurities or glass-gall which rises to the 
surface has been removed, the temperature of the furnace, 
which may have reached from 10,000' to 12,000' F., is con- 
siderably reduced, so as to bring the fluid and limpid metal 
into a condition of viscosity, rendering it capable of being 
worked. The working, by which means the glass is made 
to assume its definitive form, is in general performed by 
blowing (see glasi-Moimng), casting, or pressing in molds. 
See flint-glass, glass-cutting, glass-furnace, plate-gluts. 
glassman (glas'man), . ; pi. glassmen (-men). 
One who makes or sells glass ; also, one who in- 
serts window-glass in sashes ; a glazier. 
Where have you greater atheists than your cooks? 
Or more profane, or choleric, than your i/lassmen ? 
B. Janson, Alchemist, 111. 1. 
glass-metal (glas'mef'al), n. The fused and 
refined material of which glass is made. 
Let proof be made of the incorporating of copper or 
brass with glassmetal. Bacon, Physical Remains. 
glass-mounter (glas'mouu''ter), . One who 
embellishes glass articles with ornaments. 
glassock (glas'ok), n. [Cf. the equiv. glassin, 
glashan, glossan, glossin; prob. < Ir. Gael, glas, 
gray, pale, wan (see Glas-) ; cf . Gael. ffJasag, a 
water-wagtail, the female of the salmon, glas- 
iasg, gray fish, such as cod, ling, haddock.] The 
coalfish. [Local, Eng.] 
glass-oven (glas'uv'n), . A hot chamber in 
which newly made glass in sheets or ware is 
gradually cooled; a glass-annealing furnace; 
a leer. 
glass-painter (glas'pan"ter), n. One who pro- 
duces designs in color on or in glass. 
glass-painting (glas'pan"ting), n. 1. The art 
or practice of producing designs in color on or 
in glass. In glass-painting (or glass staining, as it Is 
also called) two methods are chiefly employed : (a) the 
enamel method, consisting in painting on the glass in col- 
ors, which are then burned into it ; (6) the iiwsate meth- 
od, consisting in forming a design of separate pieces of 
stained or colored glass set in cames of lead and braced 
and supported by a framework of iron bars, the color be- 
2532 
ing imparted to the glass in the making. By this latter 
method were made the splendid medieval windows of the 
thirteenth century, the beautiful color-effects of wlndi 
have thus fardefled imitation, in spite of modern perfected 
methods. These admirable color-effects are now recog- 
nized to be due not only to perfection of the colors used, 
and to their judicious juxtaposition and skilful combina- 
tion with white glass to relieve them and hinder where 
desirable the blending of contiguous tints, but to uneven- 
ness of tone and thickness of the glass primarily due to 
imperfect processes of manufacture. This last quality is 
now imitated with artistic success, such glass in general 
being made by hand, as ordinary machine-made glass is 
necessarily of even thickness and shade. A combination 
of the enamel and mosaic methods, known as the mvnaic- 
enamel method, in which part of the design is In mosaic 
and part in enamel, is now commonly used. 
2. A painting upon glass; a surface of glass 
decorated in color by the use of stained glass 
or painting, or both. 
glass-paper (glas'pa'per), n. A fine kind of 
sandpaper made with powdered glass. 
glass-paper (glas'pa'per), r. t. To polish by 
nibbing with glass-paper. 
When the first coating of varnish Is perfectly dry, glass- 
paper the whole surface, and make it smooth as before. 
Workshop Receipts, 1st ser., p. 84. 
glass-pot (glas'pot), n. A vessel or crucible used 
for fusing the materials of glass in a glass-fur- 
nace. Glass-pots are made of the most refractory earths 
or fire-clays by a tedious process, to insure the perfect uni- 
formity and dry ness necessary to enable them to resist the 
great heat of the furnace, and they constitute one of the 
chief elements in the cost of glass. The glass-pots for 
lead-glass (flint-glass and strass)are covered, and have an 
opening at the side ; for all other kinds of glass they are 
open, with sloping sides, like pails without handles. 
glass-press (glas'pres), n. A press for com- 
pressing glass after it has been placed in a 
mold. It Is a plunger which may be brought down upon 
the open top of the mold placed beneath It, the mold be- 
ing firmly held in place while the pressure is applied. 
glass-rope (glas'rop), n. The stem of a glass- 
sponge, as Hyaloncma. 
glass-shell (glas'shel), n. A pteropod of the 
family HyaUidce: so called from the thin hya- 
line shell. 
glass-shrimp (glas 'shrimp), n. The larva of 
stomatopodous crustaceans, as that of Squilla 
or Gonodactylus, in certain stages of develop- 
ment which have occasioned the spurious gen- 
era Aliina and Ericlithus. See Stoinatopoda. 
glass-Silvering (glas'sil"ver-ing), n. The art 
of covering glass with a metallic film which 
will servo as a reflecting surface, as for a re- 
flector or looking-glass. In one method a sheet of 
tin-foil is laid upon a marble table and painted with mer- 
cury till an amalgam is formed. More mercury Is added 
to form a shallow pool, and upon this the sheet of glass is 
laid and pressed down to drive out bubbles. A thin film 
of amalgam clings to the glass, and forms the silver-like 
mirror. In another method a bath consisting in part of 
silver nitrate Is employed, which forms an adherent film 
of silver on the glass. The second process is used in sil- 
vering hollow and convex glassware. 
glass-snail (glas'snal), n. A snail of the ge- 
nus Vitrina : so called from its pellucid vitre- 
ous shell. 
glass-snake (glas'snak), n. 1. A large limb- 
less lizard, Ophiosaurus rcntralis, abundant in 
the southern United States : so called from its 
Glass-snake (Ofhiosaurus ventralis). 
general resemblance to a snake and the extreme 
fragility of its tail. The tail grows again, to some 
extent, after being broken off ; it is about twice as long 
as the body. The animal attains a length of some 2 feet, 
and is of a greenish color above, marked with black, and 
pale-yellowish below. Though destitute of feet, it makes 
its way along very well by wriggling like a snake. It is 
harmless. Also called juint-snake. 
2. A lizard of the genus Pscudopus, as P. pal- 
lasi. inhabiting Europe and Asia. P. gracilis 
of India is the Khasya glass-snake, without 
even the rudiments of limbs, 
glass-soap (glas'sop), n. Peroxid of manga- 
nese, used to remove from glass the green color 
glaucescence 
caused by the presence of iron. E. ff. Eniijhl. 
Also called glass-maker^ soap. 
glass-soldering (glas'sol"der-ing), . The art 
of uniting pieces of glass by partly fusing the 
surfaces to be applied to one another. Also 
called glnss-ii'cldiiig. 
glass-spinning (glta'epin'iiig), n. The art of 
drawing out tine filaments or threads of hot 
glass to make spun glass. 
glass-sponge (glas'spunj), . A species of sili- 
cious sponge, Hyalonenm aMmltli, found in Ja- 
pan. It consists of a cup-shaped spongy body supported 
by a number of twisted, glass like, silicioiis fibers, which 
are sunk in the mud of the sea-bottom. The term is extend- 
ed to several similar or related silicious sponges whose 
framework resembles spun glass, as Venus's flower-bas- 
ket. See cut under Euplectella. 
The naturalist finds at E no-shima f In- well known glass- 
sponge (Hyalonema Sieboldii) . . . offered for sale. 
J. J. Rein, Japan, p. 486. 
glass-stainer (glas'sta/ner), . 1. A maker of 
stained glass. 2. A glass-painter. 
glass-staining (glas'sta"ning), . The process 
of coloring glass during its manufacture, espe- 
cially for the production of the glass used for 
colored or painted windows, or glass-painting. 
glass-tinner (glas'tin"er), H. A workman who 
applies the foil to the back of the glass in mak- 
ing mirrors. 
The glasi-tinner, standing towards one angle of his 
table, sweeps and wipes its surface with the greatest care, 
along the whole surface to be occupied by the mirror- 
plate, lire, Viet., III. 356. 
glass-tongs (glas'tongz), n. pi. In glass-mak- 
ing, an instrument for grasping hot bottles, etc. 
glassware (glas'war), n. Articles or utensils 
made of glass. 
glass-welding (glas'wel'ding), . Same as 
glass-soldering. 
glass-work (glas'werk), H. 1. The manufacture 
of articles of glass, glass for windows, and the 
like. 2. The objects produced in a glass-fac- 
tory, especially vessels and utensils made of 
glass. 
glass-worker (glas'wer'ker), H. One who works 
in glass ; one engaged in any capacity in the 
manufacture of glass. 
It roust be left to practical glass-workers to determine 
whether a spiral form is the best for the tube. 
Ure, Diet., IV. 91. 
glass-works (glas'werks), n. \>l, and sing. An 
establishment where glass is made; a manu- 
factory of glass ; a glass-house. 
glass-wormt (glas'werm), . A glow-worm. 
Also glaze-worm. 
glasswort (glas'wert), n. A plant of the cheno- 
podiaceous genus Salicornia, succulent saline 
plants with leafless jointed stems and contain- 
ing a large proportion of soda. Great quantities 
of the ashesof these and allied plants were formerly used, 
under the name of barilla, in the manufacture of glass and 
soap. Also called wiar/>-a>np/are. Prickly glasswort, 
the saltwort, Salsola kali. 
glassy (glas'i), a. [< ME. glastj ; < glass, n., + 
-y 1 .] 1. Resembling or of the nature of glass ; 
vitreous: as, a glassy substance. 
Another heaven 
From heaven-gate not far, founded in view 
Of the clear hyaline, the glassy sea. 
Milton, P. L., vii. 619. 
2. Resembling glass in some quality, as smooth- 
ness, brittleness, transparency, or power of re- 
flecting; hence, as applied to the eye or glance, 
having a fixed, unintelligent stare, as in idiocy, 
stupidity, spasm, terror, insanity, or death. 
There is a willow grows aslant a brook, 
That shows his hoar leaves in the glassy stream. 
Shak., Hamlet, iv. 7. 
Death stood all fixed in his glassy eye ; 
His bands were withered and his veins were dry. 
Byron, Saul. 
In one long, glassy, spectral stare, 
The enlarging eye is fastened there. 
Whittier, Hogg Megone, i. 
Glassy cutworm, the larva of Hadena devastatrix, a 
noctuid moth. Glassy feldspar. See orthodase. 
glauberite (gla'ber-It), n. [Named after Jo- 
hanu Rudolf Glauoer, a German alchemist 
(1604-68).] A mineral of a grayish-white or 
yellowish color, a compound of the sulphates 
of sodium and calcium, occurring in very flat 
oblique rhombic prisms. It is found chiefly in 
rock-salt. 
Glauber salt. See salt. 
glaucescence (gla-ses'ens), n. [= F. glauces- 
cence; &s glaucescen(t) + -ce.~\ The state of be- 
ing glaucescent, or of having a somewhat sea- 
green luster. 
Destitute of glaucescence or bloom. 
Gardener's Assistant. 
