gonaduct 
They possess a well-developed coclom, blood-vessels with 
red blood, a segmental series of nephridia (modified In 
some as yunadwla). /;./;/< 1 ' r ' t ; -^l v - 
gonagra (g6-nag'ra), . [NL., < Gr. y6vu = E. 
*** + K a taking (used for 'gout,' as m 
podagra).'] Inpathol., an affection of the knee ; 
gout or rheumatism in the knee. 
gonakie (gon'a-ke), n. [African.] The Aca- 
cia Arabica, which yields a hard and durable 
wood. 
gonal (go'nal), . [< (i-y* + ->] of 01 j l>ey- 
taining to the gonysof a bird's bill; gonydeal: 
as, the gonal angle. Cmtes. 
gonalgia (go-ual'ji-ji), n. Same as gonyalgia. 
gonangia. '. Plural of gcmanmwn. 
gonangial (go-nan'ji-al), a. [< gonangi-um + 
-al.] Of, pertaining to, or of the nature of a 
gouangium ; gonothecal. 
gonangium(go-nan'ji-um), n.; v\.gonangui(-&). 
[NL.,< Gr. yovof, generation, seed, + ayyciov, a 
vessel.] In zool., an organ of some Hydrozoa. 
It is formed upon the blastostyle by the splitting of the 
ectoderm into an inner layer, which invests the central 
axis formed by the endoderm with the prolongation of 
the somatic cavity, and an outer layer, chiefly or entirely 
chitinous. Budding gonophores project into or emerge 
from the interspace between these layers. See cut under 
Campanularia. 
In Dicoryne conferta, the gonophore contained In a go- 
nantimm ... is set free as a ciliated bitentaculate body. 
Huxley, Anat. Invert., p. 120. 
gonapophyses. . Plural of gonapophysis. 
gonapophysial (gon"a-po-fiz'i-al), a. Pertain- 
ing to or of the nature of a gonapophysis. 
gonapophysis (gon-a-pof 'i-sis), . ; pi. gonapo- 
plnjxes (-sez). [< Gr. yovor, generation, + airp- 
<t>vaif, an outgrowth, process: see apophysis.] 
One of the paired pieces forming the external 
genital organs of insects. In the female they are 
appendages of the eighth and ninth ventral abdominal seg- 
ments, which form the ovipositor or sting ; in the male 
they are attached to the ninth or tenth segment and be- 
come the clasping-organs. 
In the female [cockroach], . . . on the sternal region be- 
hind the vulva, between it and the anus, arises a pair of 
elongated processes, divided into two portions. . . . They 
embrace and partly ensheath two other processes having 
somewhat the shape of knife-blades. . . . Of these, which 
may be termed gmwpophyfxe, the study of their develop- 
ment shows that the posterior bind pair belong to the 
ninth somite, while the anterior pah- belong to the eighth. 
These plates and hooks [of the male cockroach] ter- 
minate processes of the sternal region of the tenth somite, 
on each side of the aperture of the vas deferens; and 
therefore though they are of the same nature as the gma- 
vouhmes of the female, they are not their exact homo- 
logues. Huxley, Anat. Invert., pp. 349, 350. 
gonarthritis (gon-ar-thri'tis), n. [NL., < Gr. 
yovv, = E. knee, + apSpov, a joint, + -His.'] In 
pathol., inflammation of the knee-joint. 
gonarthrocace (gon-ar-throk'a-se), n. [NL., 
< Gr. ymiv, = E. knee, + apOpov, a joint, + KO.KTI, 
badness: see arthrocace.] Inpathol., cancer- 
ous condition or ulceration of the knee-joint. 
Qonatopides (gon-a-top'i-dez), n. pi. [NL., < 
Gonatopus + -ides^"] A group of parasitic hy- 
menopterous insects, of the family Proctotry- 
pidce, taking name from the genus Gonatopus: 
same as Dryininai. Westwood, 1840. 
Gonatopus (go-nat'o-pus), n. [NL. (Ljungh, 
1810), < Gr. yarn (yovar-), = E. knee, + TTOI-C (TTOO-) 
= E./oo.] A 
genus of ich- 
neumon-flies 
of the family 
Proctotrupi- 
d<e and sub- 
family Dry- 
inince, hav- 
ing raptorial 
fore tarsi and 
no wings. 
They are para- 
sitic on leaf- 
hoppers. There 
are several Eu- 
ropean and 
North Ameri- 
can species, as 
G. contortulus 
of Connecticut. 
Gond (gond), n. [E. Ind.] One of an abori- 
ginal race in central India and the Deccan, be- 
lieved to be of Dravidian stock, 
gondelo (gon'de-16), n. See gondola, 2. 
gondola (gon'do-la), n. [Early mod. E. and E. 
and U. S. dial, gonaolo, yondelo, gundelo, etc. ; = 
D. G. gondel = Dan. Sw. gondol = F. gondole = 
Sp. gondola = Pg. gondola, < It. gondola, dim. of 
gonda, formerly used in the same sense (cf . ML. 
gandeia, a kind of boat), prob. < Gr. K&V&V, a 
drinking-vessel: said to be a Pers. word ; prob. 
< Pers. Kandu, an earthen vessel, a butt, vat.] 
2569 
1 . A flat-bottomed boat, very long and narrow, 
formerly almost the exclusive means of convey- 
ance in Venice, on the canals, but now super- 
seded in part on the chief canals by small om- 
nibus-steamers. A gondola of middle size is about 30 
feet long and 5 feet broad, terminating at each end in a 
sharp elevated point or peak, and is usually propelled by a 
singlerower. Oee gondolier.) Toward the center there is 
in some a curtained cabin for the passengers. Gondolas 
are now always black throughout, in consequence of an 
old law against extravagance in ornamentation. 
He saw whereas did swim 
Along the shore, as swift as glaunce of eye, 
A litle Qmdelay. Spenser, F. Q., II. vi. 2. 
A gondola with two oars at Venice is as magnificent as 
a coach and six horses with a large equipage in another 
country. Addison, Remarks on Italy (ed. Bonn), I. 881. 
Didst ever see a Gondola! for fear 
You should not, I'll describe it you exactly : 
'Tis a long cover'd boat that's common here, 
Carved at the prow, built lightly but compactly. 
Row'd by two rowers, each call'd "Gondolier," 
It glides along the water looking blackly, 
Just like a coffin clapt in a canoe, 
Where none can make out what you say or do. 
Byron, Beppo, St. 19. 
2. A lighter or large flat-bottomed boat on the 
rivers of New England. In this use also gon- 
delo, gundelo. 3f. A small boat used to trans- 
port the passengers or crew of a ship to and 
from the shore. 
They found that the captain, his wife, and principal 
passengers had forsaken the bark, and were gone ashore 
in the gondelo. J. Barrow, Sir F. Drake, p. 59. 
4. On a railroad, a gondola car. See below, 
m- g 4 ] 5. A vase or bowl of decorative 
character having a wide mouth, and usually 
of greater breadth than height : a term applied 
especially to carved vessels in crystal, agate, 
and similar materials. 6. [cap.] [NL.] In 
conch., a genus of gastropods: same as Cym- 
bium, 1. Ferussac, 1821 Gondola car, a railroad 
freight-car with low sides secured by stanchions to a plat- 
form body. Sometimes the sides are hinged to the body. 
gondolet, n. [< F. gondole, < It. gondola, a gon- 
dola: see gondola.'] Same as gondola. 
Rowing upon the water in a gondole. 
B. Jonson, Volpone, ill. 2. 
gondolet (gon'do-let), n. [< It. gondoletta, dim 
of gondola, a gondola: see gondola.] A small 
gondola. 
That grand Canale, where (stately) once a yeare 
A fleete of bridall gondolets appeare. 
Dekker, London's Tempe. 
gondolier (gon-do-ler'), . [Formerly also gon- 
dolcer; =F. gondolier, < It. gondoliere,< gondola, 
a gondola: see gondola.] A man who rows a 
gondola. When there is but one, he stands at the stern ; 
there is sometimes a second at the bow. Gondoliers were 
formerly celebrated for their songs, and are noted for the 
dexterity with which they manage their craft. 
I meane those seducing and tempting gondoleersoi the 
Rialto bridge. Coryat, Crudities, I. 211. 
In Venice Tasso's echoes are no more, 
And silent rows the songless gondolier. 
Byron, Childe Harold, iv. 3. 
gondolo (gon'do-16), n. See gondola. 
Ci-ondula (gon'du-la), n. [NL., Ot. gondola, & 
gong 
2. Characterized by a sinking sensation, as if 
about to faint ; weak and faint : as, a gone feel- 
ing. 3. In archery, wide of the mark or beyond 
bounds : said of an arrow. 
Eschewing short, or gone, or eyther syde wyde. 
AMiiam, Toxophilus, p. 18 (reprint). 
An arrow is said to be gone when it may from its flight 
be judged to fall wide of, or far from, the mark. 
Encyc. Brit., II. 378. 
An arrow is said to be gone when it will fly beyond the 
target. M. and W. Thompson, Archery, p. 58. 
A gone case. See def. 1. A gone coon. See coon. 
goneness (gon'nes), n. [< gone + -ness.] A 
faint or sinking sensation; faintness: as, a 
feeling of goneness. [Colloq.] 
I ... excused myself upon the plea that I had no ap- 
petite so early in the morning. "Ah," said Mrs. Bent, 
"just like you was, cousin 'Mandy Jane a goneness." 
Atlantic Monthly, 13.11. 638. 
Gtonepteryx (go-nep'te-riks), n. [NL., badly 
formed, more correctly Goniapteryx, and prop. 
Goniopteryx, < Gr. yuvia, an angle, + KTkpv%, 
wing.] A genus of pierian butterflies, of the 
family Papilionido: : so called from the angula- 
tiou of the wings. O. rhamni is the common Euro- 
pean brimstone-butterfly, of a yellow color, expanding 
about 2J inches. Its larva feeds on the buckthorn. O. 
cleopatra, is a widely diffused old-world species. G. clo- 
rinde and Q. m&rula are two large Mexican forms. Also 
written Gonopteryx. See cut of brimitone-butterfly, under 
brimstone. . 
goner (g6n'er), n. One who or that which is 
lost, ruined, or past recovery. [Colloq.] 
gonfalon (gou'fa-lon), . [A corruption of the 
earlier gonfanon, q. v.] Originally, a banderole 
or small pennon attached to a lance or spear ; 
an ensign or standard, especially one having 
two or three streamers or tails, fixed on a frame 
made to turn like a ship's vane, or suspended 
from a cross-yard, as in the case of the papal 
or ecclesiastical gonfalon. See labarum. The 
person intrusted with the gonfalon in the medieval repub- 
lican citiefc of Italy was often the chief person in the state. 
Ten thousand thousand ensigns high advanced, 
Standards and gonfalons 'twixt van and rear 
Stream in the air, and for distinction serve . 
Of hierarchies, of orders, and degrees. 
Milton, P. L., V. 589. 
There came an image in Life's retinue 
That had Love's wings and bore his gonfalon. 
D. G. Jiossetti, Sonnets, Death-in-Love. 
gonfalonier (gon"fa-lo-ner'), n. [A corruption 
of the earlier gonfanonier, q. v.] 1 . The bearer 
of a gonfalon; a chief standard-bearer. 2. In 
the middle ages, the title of the chief magistrate 
of Florence and other Italian republics, elected 
by the people. In some Italian cities the title con- 
tinued in use till modern times, the gonfaloniers being in 
some instances mayors and in others officers of police. 
The dukes of Parma and of some other cities bore the title 
of " gonfaloniers of the church." 
Had she [Florence] not her private councils debating, 
her great council resolving, and her magistrates execut- 
ing? Was not the rotation, too, provided for by the an- 
nual election of her gonfalonier ? 
Bp. Wren, Monarchy Asserted, x. 
It was enacted that the gonfalonier should always re- 
side with the signori, and have four thousand armed men 
under his command. J. Adams, Works, V. 20. 
Gonatopus contortulus. (Line shows natural 
size.) a, right fore leg. highly magnified. 
-la), . ., . , 
boat: see gondola'.'] A genus of pennatuloid 
polyps, typical of the family Gondulidai. The 
type is G. miraUHs, which is obtained by 
dredging off the Norwegian coast at a depth of 
180 fathoms. 
Gondulidse (gon-du'li-de), n. pi. [NL., < Gon- 
dula + -ida;.] A family of Pennatulida, with a 
fixed stalkless bilateral polypidom, having a 
rachis with a hollow canal divided by four con- 
vergent longitudinal septa, and on each side 
subspiral polypigerous ridges strengthened 
with calcareous spicules. 
gone (gon), p. a. [See go.] 1. Lapsed; lost; 
hopeless; beyond recovery : in a gone case and 
similar phrases. 
When it is come to that, it is commonly a gone case 
with persons [^^ 411 . 
gonfanont (gon'fa-non), n. [< ME. gonfanon, 
gonfanoun, gonfaynoun, etc., < OF. gonfanon, 
gunfamm, F. gonfalon = Pr. gonfaiio, gonfaino, 
golfaino, etc., = Sp. gonfalon = Pg. gonfalao = 
It. gonfalone, < ML. gonfano(n-), guntfano(n-), 
a banner, < OHG. gundfano (= AS. guthfana = 
Icel. gunnfani), a battle-standard, < gund, gunt 
(= AS. giith = Icel. gimnr, gudhr), battle, + 
fano, vano, MHG. G. fahne (= AS./ano), a ban- 
ner: see fanel, vane. Novr gonfalon, q. v.] The 
earlier form of gonfalon. 
And that was he that hare the ensaigne 
Of worship, and the gavfancon [read gonfanoun]. 
Rom. of the Rose, 1. 1201. 
The fallen gonfanon of Harold, on which the skill of 
English hands had so vainly wrought the golden form of 
the Fighting Man. 
E. A. Freeman, Norman Conquest, IV. 40. 
gonfanoniert, n. [Cf. ME. gunfanewr, < OF. 
gonfanier; later OF. gonfanonnier, gonfalonnier, 
< gonfanon, a banner: see gonfanon.] The ear- 
lier form of gonfalonier. 
gong 1 1, . An obsolete form of gang. 
gong 2 '(gong), n. [< Malay agdng or gong, a 
gong.] 1. A musical instrument, of Asiatic 
origin, consisting of a large shallow metallic 
bowl, made of an alloy of copper and tin, which 
is struck with a stick having a stuffed leather 
head. The tone produced is composite, and useful only 
for emphasis or for an overpowering noise ; and the gong 
has been much used as an instrument of call where a far- 
reaching sound is required, as in hotels and steamboats. 
Also called gong-gong. 
2. A stationary bell in the form of a shallow 
bowl, which is struck with a hammer. 
