gorilla 
and in the proportion of the molar teeth to the 
incisors. It has 13 ribs. The tail is even more rudimen- 
tary than in man, having but 3 coccygeal bones instead of 
4. The gorilla is also called the great chimpanzee, and is 
a near relative of the chimpanzee, Troglodytes niger or 
Anthropopithecus niger. It attains a height of about 5$ 
feet, Is found in the woody equatorial regions of Africa, 
is possessed of great strength, has a barking voice, rising 
when the animal is enraged to a terrific roar, lives mostly 
in trees, and feeds on vegetable substances, (iorillas 
make a sleeping-place like a hammock, connecting the 
branches of the sheltered and thickly leafed part of a 
tree by means of the long, tough, slender stems of para- 
sitic plants, and lining it with the broad dried fronds of 
palms or with long grass. This hammock-like abode is 
constructed at different heights from 10 to 40 feet from 
the ground, but there is never more than one such nest in 
a tree. The animal was unknown to Europeans, except 
from vague report, nntil it was described in 1847 by Dr. T. 
5. Savage, an American missionary in western Africa. The 
first skeletons of the gorilla seen in Europe were brought 
by the American traveler Du Chaillu in 1859. The living 
specimens since brought to Europe and America have 
soon died. 
2. [cap."] A genus of Slmilda;, having the go- 
rilla, Gorilla gina or G. savagei, as type and only 
species. Isid. Geoffroy St. Hilaire. 
goring (gor'ing), n. [Verbal n. of (/ore 2 , .] A 
piece of textile material cut diagonally so as to 
increase the width of the part to which it is ap- 
plied, or in a sail to give the required sweep. 
Also called gor ing-cloth. 
goring (gor'ing), a. Cut or made so as to have 
a broadening slope ; of a sail, cut sloping, so as 
to be broader at the clue than at the earing. 
gorm (gorm), v. t. Same as gaum 2 . [Prov. Eng.] 
gormand, gourmand (g6r'-,gor'mand), n. ando. 
[Formerly also gurmond 1; < F. gourmand, a glut- 
ton, gormand; origin unknown.] I. n. I. A 
glutton ; a greedy feeder. 
Thlsgourmand sacrifices whole hecatombs to his paunch. 
Bp. Hall, St Paul's Combat. 
Many are made gormands and gluttons by custom that 
were not so by nature. Locke, Education, 14. 
2. A dainty feeder ; an epicure ; a gourmet. 
And, surely, let Seneca say what hee please, It might 
very well be that his famous gurmond [Apicius] turned 
his course into this country. 
Healde, Disc. ofNewW.,1. 5. (Xare.) 
I am no gourmand ; I require no dainties ; I should de- 
spise the board of Heliogabalus, except for its long sitting. 
Lamb, Edax on Appetite. 
=Syn. Gourmet, etc. See epicure. 
II. . Voracious; greedy; gluttonous. Pope. 
gormandt, gourmaridt (gor'-, gor'mand), v. i. 
[= F. gourmander; from the noun.] To eat 
greedily or gluttonously; gormandize. 
Woe vnto you, forwhan bothe these corporal meates and 
drinkes wherwith ye so delicately and voluptuously fede 
yourselfes, yea and the bealy too whiche gourinaundeth, 
shall bee consumed, than shal ye bee houngrie and flmle 
no relief. J. Udall, On Luke vi. 
gormandert, gourmandert (gor'-, gor'man- 
der), n. Same as gormand. 
Now Pardie (quoth he), the Persians are great gourman- 
ders and greedy gluttons. Holland, tr. of Plutarch, p. 385. 
gormandic, gourmandic (gor'-, gor'man-dik), 
a. [< gormand, gourmand, + -ic.] Gluttonous. 
gormandise 1 !, gourmandise 1 1, ". [Also gour- 
mandize; < OF. gourmandise, < gourmand, glut- 
ton: see gormand.] Gluttony; voraciousness. 
Foreseene alway, that they eate without gounnandyse, 
or leaue with somme appetyte. 
Sir T. Elyot, Castle of Health, ii. 1. 
Which only with the fish which in your banks do breed, 
And daily there increase, man's gourmandize can feed. 
Drayton, Polyolbion, ii. 140. 
gormandise", gourmandise 2 ,)'. See gormandize. 
gormandism, gourmandism (gor'-, gor'man- 
dizm), ii. [< gormand, gourmand, + -ism.] Glut- 
tony. 
gormandize, gourmandize (gor'-, gor'man- 
diz), r. ; pret. and pp. gormandized, gourman- 
dized, ppr. gormandizing, gourmandizing. [< gor- 
mand, gourmand, + -ize."\ I. intrans. To eat 
greedily ; devour food voraciously. 
Mod'rate Fare and Abstinence I prize 
In publick, yet in private Gormandize. 
Congreve, tr. of Juvenal's Satires, xi. 
II. trans. To devour ; take in greedily. 
The enterprising group who have taken all the best seats 
in tho bow, with the intention of gormandizing the views, 
exhibit little staying power. 
C. D. Warner, Their Pilgrimage, p. 330. 
Also spelled gormandise, gourmandise. 
gormandizer, gourmandizer (gor'-, gor'man- 
di-zer), n. A voracious eater ; a glutton. 
gprmaw (gor'ma), n. A cormorant. 
Gormogon (gor'mo-gon), n. [Origin unascer- 
tained.] A member of a brotherhood, some- 
what similar to the freemasons, which existed 
in England from 1725 to 1738. 
One 
Rose a Gregorian, one a Gormogon. 
Pope, Dunciad, iv. 578. 
2580 
gorrelt (gor'el), n. [< OF. gorel, later gorrertu, 
a pig, dim. of gore, gourc, giiurt; iraure, a sow.] 
A fat person. Cotgrare. 
gorrel-belliedt (gor'el-bel"id), . [< gorrrl + 
belly + -erf- ; appar. as a modification of gorbel- 
licd.~\ Same as gorbellii'd. 
Gorrel-bcllyed Bacchus, gyant-like, 
Bestrid a strong-bcere barn M. 
Tom of Bedlam (old song). 
gorse (gors), n. [= E. dial, goas and gorst, the 
latter the orig. form, < ME. gorst, < AS. gorst 
(once gost, in a gloss), gorse, furze, bramble- 
bush; as no cognates are known, the word is 
prob. a native formation, perhaps orig. * grout , 
lit. ' growth' (undergrowth f ), with noun-forma- 
tive -st, < groiran, grow : see grow. Cf. AS. 
blaist, blast, < blawan, blowl, AS. blosma (for 
"blostma), blossom, < blotcan, blow, etc.] The 
common furze or whin, Ulex Europa'ii*. 
Prickly gorse, that shapeless and deform'd, 
And dang'rous to the touch, has yet its bloom, 
And decks itself with ornaments of gold. 
Cowper, Task, i. 527. 
Furze and gorse are synonymous terms, one being used 
in the north and the other in the south (of England]. 
The Century, XXIV. 490. 
gorse-duck (gors'duk), . The corn-crake, 
Cri'jrjirati'iixin. [Local, Eng.] 
gorsenatch (gors'hach), n. Th 
gorsehopper. [Local, Eng.] 
gorsehopper (gors'hop'er), n. The whinchat, 
J'nitineoM rubelra. [Cheshire, Eng.] 
gorst (gorst), n. A dialectal and the earlier 
form of gorse. 
gorsty (gor'sti), a. [< gorst + -y 1 .] A dialectal 
form of gorsy. 
gorsy (gor'si), a. [< gorse + -y l . Cf. gorsty.] 
Abounding in gorse; resembling gorse. 
The heath with its . . . lovely distances of far -off waters 
and gurxy hollows. Mrs. Ritchie, Book of Sibyls, p. 4. 
Gortonian (gor-to'ni-an), . One of a sect, 
followers of Samuel Gorton, a religious fanatic 
in New England, who died in 1677. He held va- 
rious mystical doctrines, and rejected ecclesiastical forms. 
Gprtyna (gor-ti'na), . [NL., < Gortyna, Gr. 
TopTi'vr/, an an- 
cient city in 
Crete.] A'Hiib- 
nerian genus of 
noctuid moths. 
0. nitela is the 
stalk-borer, expand- 
ing about 1J inches, 
of a mouse-gray col- 
or sprinkled with 
yellow, and with a 
pale curved line 
across the outer 
third of the fore 
wings. G. ftavago is 
known as the frosted Moth and l-arra of Stalk-borer ( Gorlyna 
orange. nitela ), natural size. 
gory 1 (gor'i), a. 
[<(/orel + -#i.] 1. Covered with gore or clotted 
blood ; smeared with blood. 
Thou canst not say I did it : never shake 
Thy gory locks at me. Shak., Macbeth, ill. 4. 
The hero (Ulysses in the lower regions] stands guard, 
with his drawn sword, to drive away the shade of his own 
mother from the gory trench over which she hovers, han- 
kering after the raw blood. Everett, Orations, II. 221. 
2f. Bloody; murderous. 
The obligation of our blood forbids 
A gory emulation 'twixt us twain. 
Shak., T. and C., iv. 5. 
3. Resembling gore ; bloody-looking. 
Waves of blood-red, fiery, liquid lava hurled their bil- 
lows upon an iron-bound headland, and then rushed up the 
face of the cliffs to toss their gory spray high in the air. 
Lady Bratssey, Voyage of Sunbeam, II. xv. 
gory 2 (go'ri), a. [< gore, < gore* + -<>'.] In 
her., same as gored. 
gory-dew (gor'i-du), n. A reddish slime which 
appears on the dark parts of some hard sub- 
stances. It consists of a minute fresh-water alga, Pal- 
mella cnienta, which is closely allied to the plant to which 
the phenomenon of red snow is due. 
gOSt, n. A Middle English form of goose. 
gosh (gosh), n. and interj. [A variation of God."] 
A minced oath, commonly in the phrase by gosh. 
[U. S.] 
gosha (gosh 'a), a. [Hind, gosha, a corner, 
closet, retirement.] Secluded; not appearing 
in public. [Anglo-Indian.] 
A similar hospital " for caste and gosha women " was 
established in Madras in 1885. 
Nineteenth Century, XXII. 702. 
goshawk (gos'hak), n. [With orig. long vowel 
o shortened before two consonants; < ME. gos- 
hawk, goshauk, < AS. goshafoc (= OHG. gans- 
hapich, G. gdnsehaoicht = Icel. gdshaukr), 
1. e., ' goose-hawk,' so called from being flown 
gospel 
at geese, < gos, goose, + hafoc, hawk.] A 
large noble hawk, Antur ptilmiiliurius, of the 
subfamily Accijiitiinn and family l-'alconiilu ; 
the goose-hawk. The female is 23 or 24 inches long, 
the male smaller. The sexes are similar in color, slaty- 
blue on the upper parts, cross-barred below with dark 
color on a whitish ground, the wings and t;iil liarrcd. The 
young are dark-brown above, streaked lengthwise below. 
This bird flies low, and pursues its prey in a line after it, 
or in the manner called "raking" by falconers. The fe- 
male is generally flown by falconers at rabbits, hares, etc., 
and the larger winged game, while the male is usually 
tlo\vii at the smaller birds, principally partridges. The 
American goshawk is A. atriaiftilltix, a larger and hand- 
somer species than the European, very destructive to poul- 
try, and hence commonly known as hen-hawk or chicken- 
haick. There are several others. See cut under Astur. 
A gay gos-hawk, 
A bird o' high degree. 
The Earl of Mar' i Daughter (Child's Ballads, I. 176). 
The goshawk was in high esteem among falconers, and 
flown at cranes, geese, pheasants, and partridges. 
Pennant, Brit. Zool., The Goshawk. 
goshenite (go'shen-it), . [< Goshen (see def.) 
+ -f'te'A] A variety of beryl found at Goshen 
in Massachusetts. 
gosherdt (gos'herd), n. A dialectal variant of 
goose-herd. 
Simon Bluff, a goslierd, ten years old. 
Y&uth's Companion. 
e whinchat or goslarite (gos'lar-it), n. [< Goslar (see def.) 
+ -ite'-i.] Native hydrous sulphate of zinc, or 
zinc vitriol, found in the mines near Goslar in 
the Harz. Also called white copperas. 
goslet (goz'let), . [< goose (reduced as in 
gos-ling) + dim. -let."] A very small goose 
of the genus Nettapus, about as large as a teal, 
of which there are several species in India, 
South Africa, Australia, etc. 
gosling (goz'ling), n. [Formerly also rarely in 
fuller form gooseling; < ME. goslyng, also ges- 
lyng, guslyng (= Dan. giesling = Sw. gosling; 
cf. MLG. gosselen, LG. gossel, gossel, G. ganslein), 
< gos, goose, + dim. -Kngrl.] 1 . A young goose ; 
a goose before it has attained its full plumage. 
By the common pronerbe, a woman will weepe for pitie 
to see a gosling goe barefoote. 
Puttenham, Arte of Eng. Poesie, p. 243. 
Keip weill the gat*lingi# fra the gled. 
Wi/fof Auchtirmuchty (Child's Ballads, VIII. 118). 
2. The catkin of the willow : so called from its 
yellow color and fluffy texture. Hattlwell. 
gosling-green (goz'liug-gren'), . A yellowish- 
green color. 
His [Moses's] waistcoat was of gosling -green. 
Goldsmith, Vicar of Wakefleld, xii. 
gosnick (gos'nik), H. The saury. [Scotch.] 
gospel (gos'pel), n. and a. [< ME. gospel, gospell, 
earlier godspel, godspelJ, < AS. godspel, godspell 
(= OS. godspell = OHG. gotspel = Icel. (after 
AS.) gudhspjall, rarely godlispill), the gospel; 
appar. orig. with long o, godspel, i. e., god spel, 
' good spell,' that is, good tidings, intended to 
translate Gr. tbayvtMrn, good tidings, evangel 
(see evangel) (cf. " Euuangelium, id est, bonum 
nuiitium, godspel," ' Evangel, that is, good ti- 
dings, gospel' AS. Vocab., ed. Wright and 
Wiilcker, col. 314, 1. 9; "Goddspell onn Enng- 
lissh nemmnedd iss god word and god tithenn- 
de," ' gospel is named in English good word and 
good tiding' Ormulum, Introd., 1. 157), but 
through the shortening of the vowel o before 
the three consonants soon taking the form of 
godspel, i. e., ' God-story' (the history of Christ), 
to which form the OS., OHG., and Icel. words 
belong (cf. OS. "god-spell that guoda," ' the 
good gospel,' where the forms and sense show 
god to be the first element of the compound), < 
god, God, + spel, speech, story: see god 1 and 
spein, n. Cf. the similar compounds, AS. god- 
spriec, god-spree, god-gesprasce, an oracle, lit. 
'god-speech,' godsibb, a sponsor, lit. 'God- 
kinsman,' now reduced to gossip, contracted 
and assimilated like gospel."] I. n. 1. Glad 
tidings, especially the glad tidings that the 
Messiah expected by the Jews has appeared 
in the person of Christ. 
The ministry, which I have received of the Lord Jesus, 
to testify the gospel of the grace of God. Acts xx. 24. 
Christ, who hath abolished death, and hath brought life 
and immortality to light through the gospel. 2 Tim. i. 10. 
2. The story of Christ's life, teachings, suf- 
ferings, death, resurrection, and ascension; 
hence, one of the books in which that story 
was originally told : as, the Gospel of Matthew. 
[Preferably with a capital letter when used in 
a titular sense, but not in the general senses.] 
The gospels are four in number those of Matthew, Mark, 
Luke, and John. Of these four, those of Matthew and 
John were written by apostles and eye-witnesses, that of 
Luke is avowedly gathered from others who were wit- 
