gourd 
Let vultures gripe thy guts ! lor gourd and fullam holds, 
And high and low beguile the rich and poor. 
Shak., M. W. of\V.,l. 3. 
Thy dry bones can reach at nothing now, 
But gordi or nine-pins. 
Beau, and Fl., Scornful Lady, IT. 1. 
Bitter gourd, or colocynth-gourd, the colocynth, Ci- 
tnUlus Colocijnthia.'EKS or orange gourd, the Cucur- 
bita ovifera (now considered a variety of C. Pepo), with a 
small orange-like fruit, cultivated for ornament. Noah's 
gourd or bottle, a kind of Hat circular bottle of Oriental 
make (Damascus, Persia, etc.), resembling a pilgrim-bottle, 
but without the rings, occasionally found by explorers in 
the Levant, and thought to be of considerable antiquity. 
Snake- or viper-gourd, or make-cucumber, the Tri- 
chosanthe colubrina and T. anguina, with a snake-like 
fruit several feet in length. Sour gourd, species of 
Admuonia. Towel-gourd or dish-cloth gourd, the 
fruit of species of Lufa, the fibrous network of which is 
used as a sponge or scrubbing-brush. White gourd, of 
India, the Bemncam cerifera. 
gourdal (gour'dal), n. Same as gourder. 
gourde (goTd), n. [F. gourde, fern, of gourd, 
OF. gourd, numb, slow, heavy, dull, etc., = Sp. 
gordo, thick, large, gross, fat, plump, = Pr. gord, 
2584 
^ TBBKlttrt 
American name for a dollar, in use in Louisi- 
ana, Cuba, Hayti, etc. 
gourder (gour'der), n. [Origin obscure.] The 
stormy petrel, Procellaria pelagiea. Montagu. 
Also gourdal. [Local, British.] 
gourdiness (gor'- or go'r'di-nes), n. In farriery, 
the state of being gourdy. 
gourdmouth (g6rd r moutn), n. A catostomoid 
fish of the genus Cycleptus. [Mississippi valley.] 
gourdseed-sucker (gord'sed-suk''er), n. Same 
as gourdmouth. 
governable 
I see thee still ; Rustic masonry, ill-formed festoons, and gouty balus 
And on thy blade, and dudgeon gouts of blood, trades. t-ncyc. ant., 11. 441. 
Which was not so before. Shak., Macbeth, ii. 1. ^ Boggy: as, gouty land Gouty concretions. 
If he [a physician] did not satisfy me that he had a right g ee concretion. Gouty 'gall. See gouty-gall. Gouty- 
sense of the right-hand and the left-hand defections of the stem tree, the Australian baobab, Adanxonia Gregoni. 
day, not a goutte of his physic should gang through my eoutv-eall (gou'ti-gal), w. A gall or an ex- 
father's son. Scott, Heart of MiS-Lothian, xii. ^JeneS on the raspberry, produced by the 
2f. In falconry, a spot on a hawk. 3. A dis- re( j_necked buprestid, Agrilus ruficollis. See 
order characterized by uricemia, by very pain- Agrilus. 
f ul acute or chronic inflammations in the joints, (J y > An abbreviation of governor as a title, 
chiefly the smaller joints, and especially in the g 0ve l (gov), n. Same as goaf. [Prov. Eng.] 
metatarsophalangeal joint of the great toe, and g 0ve i (gov), r. t. ; pret. and pp. goved, ppr. gov- 
by the deposition of crystals of sodium urate ,- r<; o we l n ., =goaf, q. v.] To put up in a 
<-^-!-a j !.:* t,,,,,, ; /^ n io. i n tho gove or mow, as hay. [Prov. Eng.] 
Seed barley, the purest, gove out of the way ; 
All other nigh hand, gone just as ye may. 
Twuer, Husbandry, August. 
;ove 2 (gov), v. i. ; pret. and pp. goved, ppr. got- 
'iiig. [Sc., also written goave and goif; cf. 
goffi, n.] To go about staring like a fool; 
stare stupidly. 
How he star'd and stammer'd. 
When goavan, as if led wi' branks, . . . 
He in the parlour hammer'd. 
Burn*, On Meeting with Basil, Lord Daer. 
in the inflamed joint-tissues, in nodules in the 
pinna of the ear, under the skin in the hands 
and feet, and elsewhere. It is strongly hereditary, 
but a proper regimen has great efficacy in preventing its 
development and recurrence. Gout is specifically called, 
gmagra (in the knees), chiragra (in the hands), etc. 
The goute lette [prevented] 
Hir nothing for to daunce. 
Chaucer, Nun's Priest's Tale, 1. 20. 
My late Fit of the Go( makes me act with Pain and Con- 
straint Steele, Grief A-la-Mode, T. 1. 
His luxurious and sedentary life brought on the gout, 
and hurt his fortune. 
Walpole, Anecdotes of Painting, II. UL 
4. See the extract. 
The larva: which hatch out from these [eggs of Chloroja 
tanioput and Chlorops lineata} bore their way down the 
stem [of grain) from the base of the ear to the first joint, 
and there they form swellings known to the farmer as the 
The wild beasts of the forest came, 
Broke from their blights and faulds the tame, 
And goved around charmed and amazed. 
Hogg, Kilmeny, 1. 806. 
govern (guv'ern), v. [< ME. gorernen, < OF. 
governor, guverner, gourerner, later and mod. F. 
goui-erner = Pr. OSp. Pg. governar = Sp. gober- 
nar = It. governare, < L. gubernare, orig. "cuber- 
Diaphragmatlc gout. Same as angina pectorit (which 
see, under nnrjina). 
IUW II IO HIC l.ll 111 1.1 <M> luw I " if~ - . I 1 J' 
Encyc. Brit., XXIV. 535. nare, < Gr. Kvfiepvav, steer or pilot a ship, di- 
u. anaina nectoru (which rect. eovern: ulterior origin unknown.] I. 
gourd-shaped (gord'shapt), a. Having the gen- g OU t2 (gout), n. [Also gowt; a dial. var. of 
eral form of a gourd that is, having a slender 
neck, small mouth, and large swelling body; 
lageniform. The epithet is applicable even when the 
cross-section is not curvilinear : as, an eight-sided gourd- 
shaped bottle. 
gourd-shell (gord'shel), n. The rind of a gourd, 
'(/oe 2 .] 1. A drain. 2. A gate way bridge over 
a watercourse. 3. A sluice in embankments 
against the sea, for letting out the land-waters 
when the tide is out, and preventing the ingress 
of salt water. Also written go-out. [Local, 
Crescentia Cujete. 
gourdworm (gord'werm), n. A nuke. See 
fluke 2 , 2. 
gourdy (gor'- or gor'di), a. [< gourd + -y 1 -] 
In farriery, having the legs swollen, as after a 
journey : said of a horse. 
Gouridse (gou'ri-de), n. pi. [NL., < Goura + 
-idee."] The Gourince rated as a family. 
Grourinas (gou-ri'ne), n. pi. [NL., < Goura + 
-iiM.'} A beautiful group of very large and 
stately terrestrial pigeons of the Papuan archi- 
pelago; the crown-pigeons. They have an erect 
compressed crest of lastigiate feathers, with decom- 
pounded webs; 16 rectrices; reticulate tarsi; no cseca, 
Love and brown sugar must be a poor regale for one of 
your goM. Gray, Letters, I. 7. 
There is no amusement so agreeable to my gout as the 
conversation of a fine woman. . . . I have an absolute ten- 
ore for the whole sex. Krt. Centlivre, Bold Stroke. 
[Now little used except in French phrases, as hautgout, 
high flavor or flavoring. See hautgout.] 
goutify (gou'ti-fi), v. t. ; pret. and pp. goutified, 
ppr. goutifying. [< gouft + -i-fy7] To make 
gouty; afflict with gout. [Rare.] 
We perceived the old goutified canon, buried as it were 
in an elbow-chair, with pillows under his head and arms, 
and his legs supported on a large down cushion. 
Smollett, tr. of Gil Bias, ii. 1. 
gall-bladder, amuiens muscle, or oil-gland; and intestines goutily (gou'ti-li), adv. In a gouty manner. 
4 or 5 feet long. There areseveral species. See Gjmro. ou ti ness (gou'ti-nes), n. The state of being 
4 or 5 feet long. There are several species. ee oura. outiness (gou'ti-nes) 
gourmand, gourmandic, etc See gormand, etc. 8 "outy/ a gouty affecti 
gourmet (gor-ma' or gor'met),n. [< F. gourmet, g^ uti s n (gou'tish), a. 
...;.,. +..(.,, n l-.+ Arf\ f\f rrrine* ViAT1/)k on OfH"ll VO ^v*v*iJ VD 
ion. 
goutisn(gou'tisn;,a. [< 
a predisposition to gout ; somewhat 
a wine-taster, a judge of wine, hence an epicure 
formerly a wine-merchant's broker; in OF. a 
serving-man, shopman, groom: see gromet and 
groom''.'] A connoisseur in the delicacies of 
the table; a nice feeder; an epicure. 
Awabi, a kind of shell-fish much affected by Japanese 
gourmets. ComhiU Mag. 
Four gourmets brought lemons and spoons. 
The Century, XXVHL 921. 
= Syn, Gourmand, etc. See epicure. 
gournet, n. Same as gurnard. 
goush (goush), v . and n. A dialectal variant of 
qtish. 
goussetf, n. In milit. armor, same as gusset. 
gOUSter (gous'ter), n. [Cf . gousty, gust 1 ."] A gout-stone (gout'ston), n. 
violent or unmanageable person ; a swaggering 
fellow. [Scotch.] 
Having 
ected by 
the end of a drum among souldiers, the 
tables for goutiih and apoplectick persons to make them 
move their joints. Drummond, Epistles, xx. (Latham.) 
[OUtoust, a. [ME. gowtus, gowttous, gotows, < 
OF. gntus, guteux, F. goutteux = Pr. gotos = Sp. 
Pg. gotoso = It. gottoso, < ML. guttosus, gouty, 
< gittta, the gout: see sow* 1 .] 1. Gouty. 
A quene gowtut and croket. Reliquiae Antigua, L 196. 
2. Such as to cause gout: said of rich meats. 
Luk ay that he ette no gowttout mette. 
US. tied. Unc., t. 810. 
A 
rm, 
(Halliwell.) 
A nodule of sodium 
urate formed in some tissue as the result of 
t J gout; chalkstone. 
goustrous (gous'trus), a. [As gouster + -ous. g ou tte (got), n. [F., a drop: see goufl.] 
Cf. gousty.'] Stormy; boisterous; rude; vio- drop : used in heraldry with a qualifying te 
lent; frightful. [Scotch.] 
A aoustroui, determined speaking out of the truth. 
Carlyle, in Froude, L 176. 
gousty (gous'ti), a. [Sc., also written goustie; goutweed (gout'wed), n. Same as goutwort. 
= E. gusty, q. v.] 1. Tempestuous. goutwort (gout' wert), n. TheJEgopodiumPoda- 
Cauld, mirk, and goustie is the nicht, HSK3 1 i -* -u * 
Loud roars the blast ayont the hlght^ 
Diseased 
as, a gouty person ; 
rect, govern; ulterior origin unknown.] 
trans. 1. To exercise a directing or restrain- 
ing power over; control or guide : used of any 
exertion of controlling force, whether physical 
or moral. 
Will yon play upon this pipe? . . . govern these ventages 
with your fingers and thumb, give it breath with your 
mouth. Shot., Hamlet, llL 2. 
Tls not folly, 
But good discretion, governs our main fortunes. 
Fletcher, Wit without Money, i& 1. 
My Lord Sandwich was prudent as well as valiant, and 
alwaysoowrn'd his affaires with successe and little losse. 
Evelyn, Diary, May 31, 1672. 
Specifically 2. To rule or regulate by right 
of authority ; control according to law or pre- 
scription ; exercise magisterial, official, or cus- 
tomary power over: as, to govern a state, a 
church, a bank, a household, etc. 
But if ony widowe hath sones or children of sones, lerne 
sche first to gouerne hir hous. Wycltf, 1 Tim. v. 4 (Oxf.X 
Can thy flocks be thriving, when the fold 
Is govern 'd by the fox? (juarles, Emblems, i. 15. 
I have no fear but that the result of our experiment will 
be, that men may be trusted to govern themselves without 
a master. Je/erson, Correspondence, II. 174. 
3. In gram., to cause or require to be in a par- 
ticular form : as, a transitive verb or a preposi- 
tion governs a noun or pronoun in the objective 
case; the possessive case is governed by the 
thing possessed; the subject governs the verb 
in number and person. =8yn. 1 and 2. Rule, Control, 
Govern, Regulate, Manage; conduct, supervise, guide; 
command sway, curb, moderate. Of the first five words, 
gotows, <. nle is tne mos { general, and is the only one that can stand 
for the exercise of an arbitrary or a loose kind of sway. 
Control implies a firm rule, which may not attend to the 
details of administration, but holds persons in check and 
prevents things from going in a way not desired : as, to 
control expenditures ; to control fierce tribes. Govern im- 
plies the constant use of knowledge and Judgment, like 
the close attention given by a pilot to his wheel. To 
regulate is to bring under rales, hence to make exact ; 
is not ordinarily used to express continued action, but it 
may mean to keep under rule : as, to regulate a watch, 
one's movements, one's conduct, the administration of a 
province. Manage enlarges the notion of handling a 
horse or caring for the affairs of a household to greater 
things as a ship, a business, a nation ; it implies great 
attention to details, constant watchfulness, and much 
skill or at least adroitness ; it is rather a small word to be 
used as a synonym for govern. See guide, v. t., and man- 
Old ballad. 
2. Waste; desolate; dreary. 
I will not go to Lilias's gouaty room. Sco, Abbot, UL 
gout 1 (gout), n. [< ME. goute, gowte, the gout, 
< OF. goute, goutte, F. goutte, a drop, the gout, 
= Sp. Pg. goto = It. gotta, a drop, the gout, < 
L. gutta, a drop, in ML. applied to the gout, 
also to dropsy, to catarrh, and (with a distinc- 
tive epithet) to various other diseases ascribed 
to a defluxion of humors: see gutta 1 , gutta se- 
rena, etc.] 1. A drop; a clot; a coagulation. 
[Obsolete or archaio.] 
as (for, de larmes, etc. 
goutte d'or (got d6r). A white wine of Bur- 
gundy, of the second class. 
* 3d (gout'wed), n. 8 
rt (gout' wert), n. Th 
,/;.,,<, an umbelliferous plant of Europe, for- 
merly believed to be a specific for gout. 
gouty(gou'ti),a. [< goufl + -yl.] 1. Di 
with or subject to the gout: as, a gouty p 
a gouty constitution. 
Not giving like to those whose gifts, though scant, 
Pain them as if they gaue with gowty hand ]ta , te which ^partite the power of checking those 
Sir W. Davenant, Gondibert, t 6. whQ govmi from th(J power of governln g are not easily to 
2. Pertaining to the gout : as, gouty matter. be defined. llacaulay, Sir William Temple. 
3! Figuratively, swollen out of proper proper- g 0verna bl e (guv'er-na-bl), a. [< govern + 
tion; tumid; protuberant. -able.'] Capable of being governed or subjected 
This humour in historians hath made the body of ancient t o an t nor jtv controllable; manageable; ame- 
history in some parts so gouty w**^^ p . 105 . nab le to law or rule. 
II intrans. To exercise or have control; 
practise direction or guidance; especially, to 
exercise legal or customary authority. 
To instruct ourselves in all the amazing lessons of God's 
noverning providence, by which he holds the balance of 
nations, and inclines it which way he pleases. 
Bp. Atterbury, Sermons, I. vii. 
Your wicked atoms may be working now 
To give bad counsel, that you still may govern. 
Dnjufn. 
