grassy 
The Prince himselfe lay all alone, 
isplayd upon the ffnurie around, 
sweete sleepe that luld bun soft in swound. 
Spenser, F. Q., V 1. vn. 18. 
2. Resembling grass ; green. 
grate 1 (grat), v. ; pret. and pp. grated, yyt.grat- 
inn [< ME. 0ro, < OF. r/rater, F. </raer = 
Pr.'Sp. gratar = It. </rtare, < ML. gratare, era- 
tare, scrape, scratch, < OHG. chraz:on (ong. 
"fcratton) MHG. frmf--en, G. kratzcn, scrape, 
scratch, = Sw. kratta = Dan. fcnrtte, scrape. 
Of Sw kratsa, Dan. Ar</*c, D. krassen (for 
"kratsen), scrape, mod. Icel. fcrowo, scrawl, ap- 
nar from the G. form: see cratch^ and xcratch.^ 
1 trans. 1. To rub together or against strongly 
so as to produce a harsh scraping sound: as, to 
grate the teeth. 
The threshold grate, the door totave himheard. ^ 
2 To reduce to small particles by rubbing or 
rasping with something rough or indented: as, 
to grate a nutmeg or the peel of a lemon. 
When water-drops have worn the stones of Troy, . . . 
And mighty states characterless are grated 
To dusty nothing. Shak., 1. an i C., in. i 
Grate it [horse-radish] on 
2605 
In another place stands a columne grated about with 
yron whereon they report that our Bl. Saviour was often 
wont to lean as he preached in the temple. 
Evelyn, Memoirs, Home, 1644. 
grate :! t (grat), . [< L. gratus, pleasing, agree- 
able : see grace, n. Hence grateful, and (trom 
L. gratus) ult. ingrate, gratify, gratitude gra- 
tuity, gratuhite, etc., greet, agree, etc.] . 
ant; agreeable. 
It becomes grate and delicious enough by custom. 
Sir T. Herbert, Travels in Africa, p. 311. 
grateful (grat'ful), a. [< grates + -f,,l; an ir- 
reg. formation.] 1. Pleasing to the mind or 
the senses; agreeable; gratifying; affording 
pleasure. 
If you will do a grateful office to me, 
In person give this paper to a gentleman. 
Shirley, Love in a Maze, ii. 1. 
Now golden fruits on loaded branches shine, 
- grateful clusters swell with floods ^f wine . 
gratify 
graticulation (gra-tik-u-la'shon) . [F. gra- 
tii-ulation, craticulation. < gratfoMtr, cmticuler, 
divide into squares, < graticule, cratieule: see 
graticule.'] The division of a design or draft 
into squares, as an aid iu producing a copy ot 
it in larger or smaller dimensions. 
graticule (grat'i-kul), n. [< F. graticule, crati- 
OufeT< L craticula, dim. of crafts, a hurdle, 
wickerwork: see grate?, crate.'} A design or 
draft divided into squares to facilitate copying. 
To illustrate this, I have drawn out upon the same 
scale, on the same graticule, with common paralle s and 
with the assumption of the same meridian, . . . tnt sKei- 
eton ot the general map. 
3. To affect harshly and painfully, as if by 
abrasion; fret. 
Thereat enraged, soone he gan upstart, 
Grinding his B>g^gE'JS*L 18S4 . 
I knew before 
'Twould grate your ears ; but it was base in you 
To urge a weighty secret from your friend, 
And then rage aUt 
4. To produce a harsh or jarring sound of, as 
by the friction of rough bodies. 
Open fly ... 
The infernal doors, and on their hinges > grate 
Harsh thunder. MMon, P. L., il. 881- 
5f. To scratch or scrape with; use for attrition 
or abrasion. 
Was I a man, ere I 
Would live in poor estate, 
On father, friends, and all my km 
I would my talons grate. 
George Barn-well (Child's Ballads, VIII. 224). 
II intrans. 1. To make a harsh or rasping 
sound by friction or attrition ; give out a scrap- 
ing noise. 
They ran togider, and tainted eche other on ye helmes, 
but their speres grated nat. -ivi 
Bernere, tr. of Froissart s Chron., II. clxviii. 
Turning softly like a thief, 
Lest the harsh shingle should grate underfoot. 
Tennyson, Enoch Arden. 
2. To produce a harsh impression ; cause irrita- 
tion or chafing. 
Oh that unwelcome voice of heavenly love, . . . 
How does it grate upon his thankless ear ! 
Cowper, Truth, 1. 466. 
grate 1 ! (grat), n. [< ME. grate; from the verb.] 
A grater. Prompt. Pan., p. 207. 
grate 2 (grat), n. [< ME. grate, a trellis, lattice. 
Cf. It. grate, a grate, lattice, gridiron, < ML.. 
grata, a grating, var. of crate, a grating, a crate, 
< L. cratis, a hurdle : see crate and hurdle.] 1. 
A partition made with bars parallel to or cross- 
ing one another ; a framework of bars in a door, 
window, hatchway, or other opening. 
The occupation [of watching sheep] was grateful to his 
mind, for its freedom, inuocency, and solitude. 
Bancroft, Hist. U. S., 11. HL 
2. Betokening or expressing gratitude ; denot- 
ing thankfulness. 
So many grateful altars I would rear 
Of grassy turf, and pile up every stone 
Of lustre from the brook, in memory 
Or monument to ages. Milton, P. L., xi. 3.M. 
Leave on Swift this grateful verse engraved, 
" The rights a court attack'd, a poet saved. 
Pope, Imit. of Horace, II. i. 223. 
3 Feeling kindly or tenderly on account of a 
favor or favors bestowed; disposed to acknow- 
ledge and repay benefits. 
My life has crept so long on a broken wing . . . 
That I come to be grattful at last to- '' thlnir. 
The graticule is sometimes tan B\' et ,J?*" 
spherical, sometimes a combination of both, as \ 
points of which the latitude and longitude coordinates 
are given have to be plotted within rectangular marginal 
Ij ne8 _ Lncyc. MTU., AAI.I. a*- 
gratification (grat"i-fi-ka'shgn),. [= ? grati- 
fication = Sp. gratification = Pg. gratificac&o 
= It. gratificazione, < L. gratification), < gratt- 
ftcare, gratificari, please, gratify: see gratify.} 
1. The act of gratifying or pleasing; a pleas- 
ing or satisfying. 
He never tells his disciples . . . that the pleasure of 
humane life lies in the gratification of the senses, nd in 
making what use they can of 
= Svn. 3 Grateful, Thankful, beholden. Grateful is pre- 
ferred' when we speak of the general character of a per- 
'on'fmTndTasIa man of grateful disposition; an ungra^ 
ful wretch. Grateful often expresses the feeling, and the 
readTuess to manifest the feeling by acts even a long 
time after the rendering of the twof thankful refers 
rather to the immediate acknowledgment of the favor by 
words The same distinction is found in the negative 
ten's ungrateful, unthankful, thankless. Thankful is 
ofn loSy used for relieved or S-'^^here the thanks, if 
rendered, would be given to a merciful or helping Provi- 
dence : as, I am thankful for my escape. 
A grateful beast will stand upon record against those 
that in their prosperity forget their friends^ 
Their minds are bent upon the little gratifications of 
their own senses and appetites.^^ gpectator No . 1B2 . 
2. The state of being gratified; pleasure re- 
ceived; delectation; satisfaction. 
I thought it of great use, if they [readers] could learn 
with me to keep their minds open to gratification, and 
ready to receive it from any thing it meets wl ' n - 
Nothing severe was injoined by Mahomet and the fre- 
quent prayers and washings with water which he directed 
were /ratifications to a sedentary people "> a ry hot 
country. Bruce, Source of the Mle, I. 520. 
3 Voluntary reward or recompense; also, a 
gratuity for services received or expected. 
This sheik [at Shirbey] usually goes with the Europeans 
to the vSlley of salt, but not without a proper gra tijica- 
tion Pocoeke, Description of the East, II. i. 168. 
The Duke of Lerma ... let you languish several months 
without Hiving you one pistole ; whereas the count has 
riready bestowed upon you a gratification which you 
could not have expected till after"-"" "- 
At last he came unto an yron doore ; . . . 
But in the same a little grate was pight, 
Through which he sent his voyce, and lowd did call. 
Spenser, F. Q., I. viii. 37. 
The English in the suburbs close intrench'd, 
Wont, through a secret grate of iron bars 
In yonder tower, to overpeer the city. 
Shak., 1 Hen. VI., i. 4. 
2. (a) A frame of metal bars in which fuel is 
burned, especially coal. 
I sat beside the glowing grate, fresh heaped 
With Newport coal. 
Bryant, Meditation on Rhode Island Coal. 
(b) The floor of a fire-box or furnace, formed 
of a series or group of bars; the bottom of a 
furnace, on which the fuel rests, and through 
which it is supplied with air. 3. In metal. : (a) 
A perforated metal plate used in the stamping 
of ores, through which the pounded ore passes. 
(li) A screen. [Eng.] Revolving grate, (a) A 
grate which revolves so as to expose different parts in 
turn to the feed-opening. (6) An ore-roasting furnace 
with a grate revolving horizontally. K. H. Knight. 
Step-grate in brewing, a furnace-grate consisting of a 
number of cast-iron plates placed horizontally, like stair- 
steps. 
grate 2 (grat), r. t. ; pret. and pp. grated, ppr. 
I/rating. [< grate?, .] To furnish with a grate 
or grates; fill in with cross-bars : as, to grate a 
window. 
To find one thankful man. I will obligem^ tha^are 
not so. 
gratefully (grat'ful-i), adv. 1. With gratitude 
or thankfulness. 
'Twas God himself that here tun'd every tongue, 
And gratefully of Him alone they sung. ^ v j,jeis 
2. In a grateful, agreeable, or pleasing man- 
ner. 
Studv detains the mind by the perpetual occurrence of 
something new, which may gratefvUy strike the imagma- 
tion. *"" 
gratefulness (grat'ful-nes), w. 1. Gratitude; 
thankfulness. 
And meerly out of gratefulness, in remembrance oT the 
many courtesies done to him before by David King of 
Scots, he left him the country of j*S***%9 I Q an 11B5 
2. The state or quality of being grateful, agree- 
able, or pleasing. 
grater (gra'ter), n. One who or that which 
orates. Specifically (a) An instrument or utensil with 
a rough indented surface for rubbing off fine particles of 
a body : as, a nutmeg-ffrater. (t) In bookbinding an iron 
instrument used by the forwarder to rub the backs of 
sewed books after pasting. 
grate-room (grat'rom), n. In some forms of fur- 
nace, a compartment or chamber with a grate 
beneath it, separated from the rest of the tur- 
nace, in which the fire is made. 
These grate-rooms are sunk several feet below the level 
of the bed of the furnace, and are separated from each 
other by a portion of the bed, which is nl the flan. 
gratifler (grat'i-fi-er), n. 1. One who or that 
which gratifies or pleases. 
He had under him in one of his dominions a briber, a 
gift-taker, a ^^^ s ^ mon bef . Edw . VI., 1649. 
Bacchus, Ceres, and other eminent peraons among the 
heathens, who 
2t. One who makes gifts, 
gratify (grat'i-fi), v. t. ; pret. and pp. gratified, 
ppr. gratifying. [< F. gratifier = Sp. Pg. gra- 
tificar = It. gratificare, < L. gratificare, yratifi- 
cari, do a favor to, oblige, please, gratify (ct. 
LL. gratificus, kind, obliging), < gratus, kind 
pleasing, + facere, make: see grate* and -ft.] 
1. To please; give pleasure to ; delight; satis 
fy; indulge. 
They [Homanists] are provided one way or other to grati- 
fie persons of all inclinations. StiUmgfieet, Sermons, II. i. 
Every man has tastes and propensities, which he is dis- 
nosed to gratify at a risk and expense which people of 
different temperaments and habits think extravagant. 
Mamulay, Utilitarian Theory of Government. 
Where is the man who does not persuade himself when 
he gratifies his own curiosity he does so for * ake of 
his womankind ? Mian Ymige, Unknown to History, ix. 
2. To requite or reward voluntarily; also, to 
give a gratuity to. [Archaic.] 
Some carrying about water in leather bagges, gluing it 
to aU, anTIenfanding nothing for the , sam< , except any 
voluntarily gratifio them. Purchas, Pilgrimage, p. 307. 
I know not how to gratify yonr kindness ; wherefore 
grate-surface (grat'ser"fas), n. The area of 
anv grate in a furnace. In steam-engineering the 
term fs used in designating the extent of surface required 
a grate to hold sufficient fuel to evaporate a given 
quantity of water, and thus indirectly to produce a cer- 
?ain amount of power. Thus, in a locomotive-boiler one 
square foot of gVate-snrtace is assumed to suffice for the 
evanoration of eight cubic feet of water per hour. Ordi- 
nSytonns 0* boilers are much less effective ; some do not 
evaporate per hour more than a single cubic foot per 
suuare foot of grate-surface. 
gratiatet, r. t. [< ML. gratiatus, pp. of grattare, 
g favor, exempt, also thank, < L. gratia, favor, 
grace: see grace.'} To favor. 
We are to take notice of the continued peace and plenty 
with which not only these three years, restrictively con- 
sidered but also for many years together, both before and 
after them. New England was so marvellously yratiatea. 
N. Morton, New England s Memorial, p. 215. 
He wished to have them first taught swimming, and pro- 
pofed to gratify me handsome^iU wonWteachem^ 
= Syn. 1. Gratify, Indulge, Humor. To . 
positive act than to indulge or to humor. -; v -- 
often used in a good sense ; indulge, most often in a 
one Humor expresses an easy or good-natured compli- 
ance or management, ordinarily neither weak nor evil . as, 
to humor a person's eccentricities. 
Not food, and tools, and clothing, and decorations only, 
gratify the love of acquisition. 
B. Spencer, Prin. of Psychol., ! 
Nature will sometimes indulge herself with a leap, but 
as a rule her march is slow and gradual. 
Danrin, Var. of Animals and Plants, p. 395. 
To after age thou Shalt be writ the man 
That with K smooth air couldst A'^est ouHongne. 
