great-hearted 
great-hearted (grat'liar'ted), a. High-spir- 
ited; of noble courage; magnanimous: as, a 
<initl-k( urtad chieftain. 
greatly (grat'li), adv. [< ME. gi-ctli/, greetli, 
yrrtliche (= D. grooteltfks = MLG. grotliken = 
MHO. grozliche, t/m^cliclie, griizliche); < great + 
-l>/' 2 .] 1. In a great degree; to a large extent; 
largely; exceedingly. 
Themperour was aretlt/ glad & graunted his wille. 
William of Palcrne (E. E. T. S.), 1. 1099. 
And thei broughten the child aliue, and thel weren 
coumfortid greetli. Wyclif, Acts xx. 12. 
I will greatly multiply thy sorrow. Oen. ill. 18. 
2. Grandly; nobly. [Rare.] 
She has been so unfortunate as to lose a favourite daugh- 
ter, that was just married greatly to a Lisbon merchant. 
Walpole, Letters, II. 176. 
He [Quarles] uses language sometimes as greatly as 
Shakespeare. Thoreau, Letters, p. 30. 
3. In a great or high manner ; with high spirit ; 
magnanimously. 
Tried all hors-d'oeuvres, all liqueurs denned, 
Judicious drank, and greatly daring dined. 
Pope, Dunciad, iv. 318. 
greatness (grat'nes), . [< ME. gretnesse, < AS. 
(once) gredtites, < great, great: see great and 
-ness.] The state or quality of being great, (a) 
Largeness of size, dimensions, number, or quantity ; unu- 
sual or remarkable magnitude, bulk, extent, or the like. 
All the enuironning of the yearth about, ne halt but the 
reason of a pricke, at the regard of the greatnesxe of the 
heauen. Chaucer, Tale of Melibeus. 
(fr) Great degree, amount, estimation, importance, or the 
like : as, greatness of genius or devotion ; the greatness of 
a service or an enterprise. 
That he myghte knowe . . . whatistheexceding^reo(- 
nes of hys power to us ward which beleue according to 
the working of hys mighty power. Bible of 1551, Eph. i. 
My opinion, . . . bettered with his own learning (the 
greatness whereof I cannot enough commend), comes with 
him. Shak., M. of V., Iv. 1. 
It does not in reality enhance the greatness of a mental 
effort that it is made in the cause of humanity, but it 
enormously increases its weight and influence with man- 
kind. Mrs. Oliphant, Sheridan, p. 141. 
(c) Elevation of rank or station ; power ; dignity ; distinc- 
tion; eminence. 
Some are born great, some achieve greatness, and some 
have greatness thrust upon them. Shak., T. N., ii. 5. 
All other greatness in subjects is only counterfeit ; it 
will not endure the test of danger ; the greatness of arms 
is only real. Dryden, Account of Annus Mirabilis. 
Essex . . . possessed indeed all the qualities which 
raise men to greatness rapidly. Macatilay, Lord Bacon, 
(dt) Self-esteem; arrogance. 
It is not of pride or greatness that he cometh not aboard 
your ships. Bacon, 
(e) Moral elevation; magnanimity; nobleness: as, great- 
ness of mind. 
I ... enumerate the chiefest things, that . . . make 
up what we call magnanimity or greatness of mind, that 
not being a single star, but a constellation of elevated and 
radiant qualities. Boyle, Works, V. 550. 
True greatness, if it be anywhere on earth, is in a pri- 
vate virtue, removed from the notion of pomp and vanity, 
confined to a contemplation of itself, and centering on 
itself. Drijden, Aurengzebe, Ded. 
Their grandeur appears in greatness of sentiment, flow- 
Ing from minds worthy their condition. 
Steele, Spectator, No. 290. 
(/) Force; intensity: as, the greatness of sound, of heat, 
etc. 
great-tailed (grat'tald), a. Having a large 
tail; specifically, in eiitom., having a long bor- 
ing ovipositor : as, the great-tailed wasp, Sirex 
gigas. See Siricidce. 
great-uncle (grat'ung"kl), . The brother of 
a grandfather or grandmother. In Great Brit- 
ain generally granduncle. 
greave 1 , . See greevel. 
greaye 2 t (grev), n. [< ME. greee, bush, < AS. 
grcefoT ijnufe (nom. sing, not recorded), a bush ; 
hardly connected with grdf, a grove, though 
Spenser seems to use greave in the 3d quotation 
as a var. of grove. Its early mod. use is poet, 
and variable.] 1. A bush; a tree; a grove. 
He loketh forth by hegge, by tre, by grew. 
Chaucer, Troilus, v. 1144. 
Growing (flowers] under hedges and thicke greves. 
Flower and Leaf, 1. 365. 
Yet when she fled into that covert greave, 
He, her not finding, both them thus nigh dead did leave. 
Spenser, F. Q., VI. ii. 43. 
" Then is it best " (said he) " that ye doe leave 
Your treasure here in some security, 
Either fast closed in some hollow greave, 
Or buried in the ground from jeopardy." 
Spenser, F. Q., III. x. 42. 
2. A bough; a branch. 
As we behold a swarming cast of bees 
In a swoln cluster to some branch to cleave ; 
Thus do they hang in branches on the trees, 
Pressing each plant, and loading every greave. 
Drayton, Birth of Moses, iv. 
2613 
greave 3 t, [< ME. grere, greyve, greave, a 
ditch, trench, < AS. (ONorth. ) grcefe, a pit, cave, 
= Icel. grdf, a pit, hole, also a grave: see 
grace'*.] ' A ditch or trench. 
To a cheefe foreste they chesene theire wayes, 
And felede them so feynte, they falle in the greves. 
Morte Arthure (E. E. T. S.X 1. 1874. 
greave 4 (grev), r. t. See grave*. 
greaves 1 (grevz), n. pi. [< ME. greres, grayvez, < 
OF. greves (= Sp. grebas = Pg. grerax, greaves), 
pi. of greve, the shank or shin; origin un- 
known.] 1. Armor, made of metal, and lined 
with some soft substance, worn to protect the 
front of the leg below the knee. In ancient Greek 
examples the greaves were of thin metal fitted to the 
shape of the legs, which they inclosed almost completely, 
and were held in place by the elasticity of the metal clasp- 
ing the leg. In medieval armor the greaves were often an 
additional defense, as of cuir-bouilli or of forged steel, 
worn over the chausse of mail or gamboised work. See 
bainberg and jambe, and first cut under armor, fig. 2. 
.Rarely used in the singular. 
The crested helm, 
The plated greave and corselet hung unbrac'd. 
Dyer, Ruins of Home. 
ne cas'd his limbs in brass ; and first around 
His manly legs with silver buckles bound 
The clasping greaves. Pope, Iliad, xvi. 
All his greaves and cuisses dash'd with drops 
Of onset. Tennyson, Morte d'Arthur. 
2. Boots; buskins. Wright. [Prov.Eng.] 
greaves 2 , n. pi. See graves^. 
grebe (greb), n. [< P. grebe, formerly grebe, 
griaibe (> G. dial, grebe), a grebe, so named, it 
seems, with reference to the crested species, < 
Bret, krib = Corn, and W. crib, a comb; cf. 
Bret, kriben = Corn, criban = W. cribyn, a crest, 
a tuft of feathers on a bird's head; W. cribell, a 
cock's comb.] A bird of the family Podieipe- 
did(B (which see for technical characters); a 
diving bird, related to the loons or divers, but 
pinnatiped or lobe-footed, with a rudimentary 
tail, naked lores, and, in most species, a crest 
on the head. There are upward of 20 species, of several 
genera, distributed all over the world. They inhabit 
chiefly fresh waters, and are most expert divers and swim- 
mers, but move on land very awkwardly, owing to the back- 
Greco-Turkish 
Greek: see Greek.'} I. a. Of or pertaining to 
Greece; Greek. 
The royal towers 
Of great Beleucia, built by Grecian kings. 
Milton, P. L., iv. 212. 
A Gothic ruin, and a Grecian house. 
Tennyson, Princess, Prol. 
Grecian bend, fire, netting, etc. See the nouns. 
II. n. 1. A native of Greece ; a Greek. 
Was this fair face the cause, quoth she, 
Why the Grecians sacked Troy? 
Shot., All's Well, i. 3 (song). 
2. In the New Testament, a Hellenizing Jew. 
[The word occurs In Acts vi. 1, ix. 29, and xi. 20, in the 
authorized version, translating ' EAAIJUCTTJJS, a Hellenizer. 
In the revised version the word is rendered "Grecian 
Jews" in the first two places and "Greeks" in the last.] 
There arose a murmuring of the Grecians against the 
Hebrews, because their widows were neglected in the daily 
ministration. Acts vl. 1. 
3. One versed in or studying the Greek lan- 
guage. 
The qualities I require [in a tutor] are that he be a per- 
fect Grecian, and if more than vulgarly mathematical, so 
much the more accomplish'd for my designe. 
Evelyn, To Dr. Christopher Wren. 
The great silent crowd of thorough-bred Grecians, al- 
ways known to be around him, the English writer cannot 
ignore. Emerson, Eng. Traits, p. 208. 
4. One of the senior boys of Christ's Hospital. 
E. D. 5. A gay, roystering fellow. [Colloq. 
or slang.] 
A well-booted Grecian in a fustian frock and jockey cap. 
Graves. 
Grecianize (gre'shan-iz), v. ; pret. and pp. Gre- 
cianized, ppr. Grecianizing. [< Grecian + -ize.] 
Same as Grecize. 
Grecise, ' See Grecize. 
Grecism (gre'sizm), n. [< F. Grecisme = Sp. 
Pg. It. Grecismo; < ML. Grwcismus, < L. Grce- 
cus, Greek : see Greek. Cf. Grecize.'] An idiom 
of the Greek language. Also Gnecism, and 
rarely Greekism. 
Virgil, to deviate from the common form of words, would 
not make use of tempore, but sydere, in his first verse ; 
and everywhere else abounds with metaphors, Grecisms, 
and circumlocutions, to give his verse the greater pomp, 
and preserve it from sinking into a plebeian style. 
Addison, On Virgil's Georgics. 
The Jewish historian Graetz . . . discovers in it [the 
Song of Songs] not only Grcecisms, but distinct imitations 
of the idyls of Theocritus. N. A. Uev., CXXIX. 161. 
Horned Grebe (Podiceps fornutus). 
ward position of the legs. Because of the apparent absence 
of a tail, and the singular ruffs or crests, the aspect of these 
birds is peculiar. They nest in ponds, lakes, and rivers, 
generally building among reeds or rushes, and lay several, 
usually 6 or 8, elliptical whole-colored eggs. One of the 
best-known species is the common dabchick of Europe, 
Podiceps or Sylbeocyclus minor. The grebe known in 
America as the dabchiok is Podilymbus podiceps. The 
largest is the spear-billed or western grebe, jfichmophorus 
occidental, peculiar to western North America. (See cut 
under jfSchmophorus.) The great grebe is a conspicuously 
crested species of the old world, Podiceps cristatus. The 
European red-necked grebe is P. gri&eigena, a variety of 
which, P. holboelli, also inhabits North America. The Sla- 
vonian or horned grebe, P. cornutus, is common in most 
parts of the northern hemisphere ; the eared grebe, P. 
awritus or nigricollis, is closely related to it. Some of the 
grebes reach 2 feet in length, but most of them are much 
smaller. The plumage of the breast is of a beautiful sil- 
very luster and satiny texture, and is much used to orna- 
ment ladies' hats, for muffs, etc. Grebes have many local 
popular names, as arse-foot, dabchick, didapper, dipper, 
dopper, helldiver, and waterwitch. 
grebe-doth (greb'kl6th), n. A cotton cloth 
having a hairy or downy surface on one side. 
Compare Canton flannel (under flannel) and 
greccot, See grego. 
grece 1 !, See grease. 
grece 2 t, See greese 2 . 
Grece 3 t, H. [ME., a rare use of Greee, Greece, 
the name of the country. See Greek."] The 
Greek language ; Greek. 
The table ... on the which the title was writen in 
Ebreu, Greee and Latin. Mandeville, Travels, p. 10. 
Grecian (gre'shau), a. and n. [< OF. Grecien, 
< L, Gratia (ME. Greee, E. Greece), < Gr<ecus, 
TpaiKi^eiv, speak Greek, < Fpaonif, Greek: see 
Greek.] I. intrans. To adopt the Greek lan- 
guage, customs, or ideas; imitate the Greeks. 
The GroBcizing conception of Minerva as the goddess of 
war. Encyc. Brit., XVI. 437. 
This fact is partially intimated in the caution that some 
of the representative Greek theologians "Latinize"; a 
statement which requires, as its counterpart! that equally 
representative Latin theologians Grecize. 
Andover Rev., March, 1885, p. 287. 
II. trans. 1 . To render Greek ; impart Greek 
characteristics to. 2. To translate into Greek : 
as, Melanchthon (black earth) is the Greeized 
name of Philip Schwarzerd. 
Also Grecise, Grcetize, Grcecisc. 
Greco-Bactrian (gre'ko-bak'tri-an), . Of or 
pertaining to a kingdom ruled by a Greek dy- 
nasty in Bactria, central Asia, in the third and 
second centuries B. c. It was an offshoot from 
the Seleucid kingdom of Syria. Also spelled 
Grasco-Baetrian. 
This empire was overrun by invaders from Central Asia 
after the destruction of the Grceco-Bactrian power in those 
regions. The Academy, Jan. 21, 1888, p. 38. 
Greco-Roman (gre"k6-ro'man), a. Of or per- 
taining to both Greece and Rome, as the Latin 
civilization after it had become modified by 
contact with the higher civilization of Greece, 
and specifically the art cultivated under Bo- 
man domination, almost exclusively by Greek 
artists. Greco-Roman art can be traced back as far as 
the fifth century B. c., but did not acquire extensive de- 
velopment before the Roman spoliations of Greece began 
in the second century. Greek sculpture at Rome retains 
the general characteristics of the later Hellenistic work 
(see Pasitelean) and Roman sculpture became most near- 
ly a national school in its portraits and historical reliefs 
under the empire. Greco-Roman art is most original in 
its decoration, which assumes an exuberance and fantastic 
variety foreign to the pure Greek tradition of moderation 
and sobriety, while retaining much of the Greek elegance. 
See Ptimpeiian, Also spelled Qraco-Roman. 
The Gratco-liomfin literature of the second century. 
The Academy, Feb. 18, 1888, p. 131. 
Greco-Roman wrestling. See wrestling. 
Greco-Turkish (gre"k6-ter'kish), a. and H. I. 
a. Pertaining to both the Greeks and the Turks. 
