Greco-Turkish 
II. n. The Turkish language as written by 
Greeks in Turkey, with the letters of the Greek 
alphabet. 
Also spelled Grwco-Turkish. 
grecque (grek), n. [F., fret, fretwork, fern, of 
Grec, Greek: see Greek.] 1 . A vessel having a 
perforated bottom, fitted into a coffee-pot and 
holding the coffee ; also, a coffee-pot furnished 
with this contrivance. Through it the hot water is 
poured, carrying with it the aroma of the coffee without 
the grounds. 
2. In arch, and decoration, a Greek fret. See 
a-la-grecque. 
A handsome earthen tube painted with quaint grecques 
and figures of animals. Kingsley, Westward Ho, xxv. 
gredalin (gred'a-lin), n. Same as gridelin. 
grade 1 !, . See greed*. 
grede 2 t, * See greed?. 
gredget, * [ME. greggen, gregen, < OP. gre- 
gen, gregier, < ML. as if *graviare, equiv. to L. 
gravare, load, burden, oppress, < grams, heavy : 
see grave 3 . Cf. aggredge,] To make heavy; 
increase. 
The hoond of the Lord is greggid vpon the Azothis. 
Wycltf, 1 Ki. [1 Sam.] v. 6 (Oxf.X 
With a foolhardy man go thon not in the wale, lest per 
auenture he gregge his eueles in thee. 
Wydif, Ecchis. viii. 8. 
grediret, grediront, gredimet, Obsolete 
forms of gridiron. 
greeH (gre), . [< ME. gree. degree, rank, prize 
for preeminence ; also in lit. sense, a step, in 
this sense with pi. grees, grese, grece, steps, in 
turn used as a sing, (and in early mod. E. spelled 
variously greese, greece, griece, griese, grisce, etc. : 
see greeseV, greece^) ; < OF. gre, grei, grey, gres, 
gras = Pr. grat, gra = Pg. grdo = Sp. It. grado, 
< L. gradus, a step, pace,degree, etc. : see grade 1 . 
Cf. degree.} 1. A step; a stair. 
Thre grecc or IIII is up therto to goo. 
Palladius, Husbondrie (E. E. T. S.X p. 18. 
A-bouenne the grece as thou shalt gone, 
Stondeth a chapelle hym self a-lone. 
Political Poems, etc. (ed. FurnlvallX p. 114. 
2. A step or degree in a series; a degree in 
order or rank ; degree ; order of precedence or 
merit. 
Ther nys no thing in gree superlatif, 
As seith Senec, above an humble wyf. 
Chaucer, Merchant's Tale, 1. 131. 
Therfore the fenere agu is the posityue degree; and 
in the superlatyue degree, comparatif gree and superlatif 
gree. Book of Quinte Essence (ed. Furnlvall), p. 22. 
To take the grees and hyght of euery starre. Lydgate. 
Injurious Cuba, ill it fits thy 'gree 
To wrong a stranger with discourtesy. 
Greene, Orlando Furioso. 
gree a t (gre), . [< ME. gree, gre, < OF. gre, grei, 
grae, gret, gred, m. (also gree, f.), F. gre = Pr. 
grat = It. grato, pleasure, desire, will, < L. gra- 
tum, neut. of gratug, pleasing: see grate 3 , grate- 
ful, grace, and cf. agree, adv., bongre, malgre, 
maugre.] 1. Pleasure; satisfaction: especially 
in the phrases to take, receive, or accept in gree 
(that is, to take, receive, or accept kindly or 
with favor). 
Princes, resseyeth this Compleynt in gre. 
Chaucer, Complaint of Venus, 1. 73. 
Off aduersite en gree take the porte. 
Rom. of Partenay (E. E. T. 8.), 1. 3819. 
Receive, most Noble Lord, in gentle gree, 
The unripe fruit of an unready wit. 
Spenser, F. Q., To the Earle of Oxenford. 
Yet take in gree whatever do befall. 
Drayton, Eclogues, v. 1. 
2. Favor; partiality. 
History . . . (after the partial gree of the late authors) 
has been to all good purposes silent of him. 
Roger North, Lord Guilford, I. 6. 
3. The prize; the honor of the day : as, to bear 
or win the gree. 
Duk Theseus leet crye, 
To stynten alle rancour and envye, 
The gree as wel of o syde as of other. 
Chaucer, Knight's Tale, 1. 1875. 
When thai hade wasted the won & wonen the gre, 
All the tresour thay toke & turnyt to ship. 
Destruction of Troy (E. E. T. S.X 1. 4780. 
Sir John the Graham did bear the gree. 
Gallant Grahams (Child's Ballads, VII. 139). 
4. In law, satisfaction for an offense committed 
or an injury done. 
They shall be put in the stocks in the town where they 
be taken, lor three days, without bail or mainprise, till 
they will make gree, and from thence they shall be sent 
to gaol. Laws of Hen. IV., quoted in Ribton-Turner's 
[Vagrants and Vagrancy, p. 64. 
.Now, good sir abbot, be my friend, 
For thy courtesy, 
And hold my lands in thy hands 
Till I have made the gree. Old ballad. 
To bear the gree. See def. 3. 
2614 
gree 2 (gre), r. [< ME. green, < OF. tjreer, greicr, 
ijriiicr, graer, please, be pleased with, approve, 
agree, consent, < gre, pleasure : see gree*, n. Cf . 
agree, v.] I. intrans. If. To agree; consent. 
Quod he, "madame, I gre me wele 
In your presence to travell day by day." 
Generydei (E. E. T. S.X 1. 1141. 
To trie the matter thus they greed both. 
Sir J. llarington, tr. of Ariosto s Orlando Furioso, v. 32. 
2. To live in amity. [Scotch.] 
Like twa sisters ye will sort and gree. 
A. Ross, Helenore, p. 112. 
II. trans. To reconcile (parties at variance). 
[Scotch.] 
They're fallen out among themselves, 
Shame fa' the first that grees them. 
Jacobite Relict, I. 14(1. 
greece 1 1, ; An obsolete spelling of grease. 
greece'-'t, See greese^. 
greed 1 (gred), . [< ME. grede (found only in 
second sense), < AS. greed (found only in adver- 
bial dat. pi. grcedum, with greediness) = Icel. 
gradhr, hunger, greed, = Goth, gredus, hunger. 
Cf. Russ. golodu, hunger, Skt. gridhnu, etc., 
greedy, < -\/ gardh, be greedy. The adj. has a 
wider use: see greedy.] 1. An excessively 
eager desire to possess something, especially 
wealth; avaricious desire; especially, coarse 
and brutal avarice. 
The women, whom God intended to be Christian wives 
and mothers, the slaves of the rich man's greed by day. 
KingtUy. 
The daily hap 
Of purblind greed that dog-like still drops bone, 
Grasps shadow, and then howls the case is hard ! 
Browning, Ring and Book, I. 219. 
2f. A greedy person. 
The riche chynchy grede. Rom. of the Rose, 1. 6002. 
= Syn. 1. Greediness, Greed; eagerness, avidity. Greedi- 
ness is used either literally or figuratively , as greediness for 
food, greediness for favors, applause, knowledge; greed 
has now lost its literal sense, and is rarely used except for 
avarice and in such phrases as greed of gain, greed of 
wealth, greed of gold. 
Who . . . have given themselves over ... to work all 
uncleanness with greediness. Eph. Iv. 19. 
If greed of power and gold have led thee on, 
Not lightly shall this untold wealth be won. 
William Morris, Earthly Paradise, I. 329. 
greed 2 t, . *' [ME. greeden, greden, graden (pret. 
gradde), < AS. griedan, cry out (as a cock, goose, 
man, etc.); a different word from grietn, E. 
greets, weep: see gree ft.] To cry; cry out; 
call. 
That malde for the drede 
Bigan to crie and tagrede. 
King Born (E. E. T. S-X p. 64. 
For that skille "ocy, ocy," 1 grede. 
Cuckoo and Nightingale, 1. 135. 
greed 3 (gred), n. [< ME. 'grede (not found), < 
AS. grSde, grass (L. gramen), glossed also ulva, 
sedge; > graide, gredde, grassy.] 1. A pond- 
weed (Potamogeton in several species): usu- 
ally in plural. [Local, Eng.] 2. pi. Straw 
used to make manure in a farm-yard. [Prov. 
Eng.] 
greedily (gre'di-li), adv. [< ME. gredely, gredi- 
liche, < AS. grcediglice (= D. gretiglijk = Icel. 
grddhuliga), < griedig, greedy: see greedy.] In 
a greedy manner; with reference to food, vora- 
ciously; ravenously; with a coarse exhibition 
of appetite : as, to eat or swallow greedily. 
They have gone in the way of Cain, and ran greedily af- 
ter the error of Balaam for reward. Jude 11. 
If the air were perfectly dry, evaporation would be ex- 
tremely rapid, and the vapour greedily licked up. 
Huxley, Physiography, p. 68. 
greediness (gre'di-nes), n. [< ME. gredinesse, 
gredignesse, < AS. graidignes, greediness, < grie- 
dig, greedy: see greedy.] The quality of being 
greedy, especially with reference to the grati- 
fication of the animal appetites; hence, spe- 
cifically, ravenousness ; voracity. 
Fox in stealth, wolf in greediness. Shak., Lear, lit 4. 
I with the same greediness did seek, 
As water when I thirst, to swallow Greek. 
SirJ. Denham. 
= Syn. Gluttony, rapacity, eagerness, avidity. See greed, 
greedy (gre'di), . [< ME. gredy, gredi, grediz, 
< AS. grcedig = OS. grddag, grddog = D. gretig 
(for "gredlg), contr. graag = OHG. grdtag, grd- 
tac = Icel. grddhugr = Dan. graadig = Goth. 
gredags, greedy ; from a noun preserved only in 
AS. greed, E. greed 1 = Icel. gradhr = Goth, gre- 
dus, hunger, greed: see greed 1 .] 1. Having 
an inordinate desire for food or drink; raven- 
ous ; voracious ; very hungry. 
Like as a lion that is greedy of his prey, and as it were a 
young lion lurking in secret places. Ps. xvii. li 
They are greedy dogs which can never have enough. 
Isa. hi. 11. 
Greek 
2. Having a keen desire for anything ; eager 
to obtain ; of a covetous or avaricious disposi- 
tion ; impatiently desirous : as, greedy of gain. 
The se that gredy is to flowen. 
Chaucer, Troilus, iii. 1758. 
Not given to wine, no striker, not greedy of filthy lucre. 
1 Tim. iii. 3. 
You would have thought the very windows spake. 
So many greedy looks of young and old 
Through casements darted their desiring eyes 
Upon his visage. Shak., Rich. II., v. 2. 
Hee is greedy of great acquaintance and many, and 
tliinkes it no small aduancement to rise to bee knowne. 
Bp. Earle, Micro-cosmographie, A Forward Bold Man. 
The greedy sight might there devour the gold 
Of glittering arms, too dazzling to behold. 
Dryden, Pfcl. and Arc., iii. 450. 
Syn. Insatiate, insatiable, rapacious, gluttonous. 
greedy-gut, greedy-guts (gre'di-gut, -guts), . 
A greedy person; a glutton; a belly-god. [Vul- 
gar.] 
Whence comes it, that so little 
Fresh water, fodder, meat, and other victual!, 
Should serve so long so many a greedy-gut 
Sylvester, tr. of Du Bartas. 
gree-gree, n. See gri-grft. 
Greek (grek), n. and a. [< ME. Greek, Grek, pi. 
Grekes, Greckes, < AS. Grecas, Gredcas, some- 
times Crecas, pi. (the nom. sing. Grec, Crec be- 
ing scarcely used), = D. Griek = MLG. Greke 
= OHG. Chreh, Chreah, Kriah, Chriech, also 
Jiriecho, MHG. Krieche, G. Grieche = Dan. 
Grcek-er = Sw. Grek = Goth. Kreks, n. (cf . ME. 
Grew, Greu, < OF. Grew, Griu (see Grew 3 ) ; F. 
Grec, m., Grecque, f., = Sp. Griego, Greco = Pg. 
Grego = It. Greco), < L. Gmcus, n. and a., < Gr. 
TpaiKof, pi. Tpautot, a Greek, an old name, which 
gave way, among the Greeks themselves, to the 
name "EX/byvcf, Hellenes, but remained as their 
designation in Latin. The origin of the name 
is unknown. From the same ult. source, be- 
sides Grecian, Grecism, etc., and the ME. Grew 
and Gregeis, Gregois, Greek, come also grego, 
grecco, gregs, galligaskins, gaskins.] I. n. I. 
(a) A member of the ancient Greek race, one 
of the chief factors iii the history of civiliza- 
tion, inhabiting the territory of Greece, com- 
prising part of the southeastern peninsula of 
Europe and the adjoining islands, and also ex- 
tensive regions on the coasts of Asia Minor, 
Sicily, southern Italy (Magna Grrecia), etc. Asa 
result* of the conquests of Alexander the Great, many parts 
of western Asia, Egypt, etc., became partly Hellenized. 
The true Greeks, or Hellenes, consisted only of the Dori- 
ans, Ki il ia M K, lonians, and Achfeans ; but the name Greeks, 
In its widest sense, includes many peoples of different 
stock, as the Macedonians, Epirotes, Acamanians, etc. 
(6) A member of the modern Greek race, which 
has descended, with more or less foreign ad- 
mixture, from the ancient race; especially, a 
subject of the modern kingdom of Greece. 2. 
The language spoken by the inhabitants of 
Greece or by persons of the Greek race. Greek is 
a branch of the great Indo-European fantily of languages, 
being thus ultimately akin to English. Ancient Greek 
comprised a large number of dialects spoken in Greece 
proper, and on the coasts of Asia Minor and the adjacent 
islands, as well as in the numerous colonies of Greeks 
along the coast of the Mediterranean and Black seas, 
from Syria and Egypt to Italy, Sicily, and Spain. Of these 
dialects, four are usually distinguished as having received 
literary cultivation, namely, Ionic, Doric, I 'i 'lie. and Attic. 
The Old Ionic appears in the Homeric poems (hence also 
called .Epic); the New Ionic in the histories of Herodotus. 
The Doric includes a number of different dialects usually 
characterized as "rough" or "broad," as contrasted with 
Attic or Ionic, namely, Dorian, Laconian, Corinthian, 
Megarian, Delphian, Rhodian, Cretan, (-"yrenian, Syracu- 
san, etc., literary remains being scant (Theocritus, etc.). 
.Kolir includes Lesbian, Boeotian, Thessalian, etc., also 
with scant literary remains (Pindar, Alcseus| Sappho, etc.). 
Doric and jEolic are made to include many other dialects 
loosely classified under these names. The Attic, the dia- 
lect of Athens, became the standard literary tongue of 
Greece, and contains nearly the whole of Greek literature. 
In its later form, as the common dialect, it became the 
general language of the Greek peoples. As the common 
speech at Alexandria and in Palestine, it was the language 
in which the Old Testament became current (the Septua- 
gintX and in which the New Testament was written. It 
continued, with slight changes, to be the literary lan- 
guage of the Greek world until the fall of the Eastern 
Empire; and the popular spoken form, with profound in- 
ternal changes, has continued to the present day, being 
now the standard language of the new kingdom of Greece, 
and showing a strong tendency, under the fostering care 
of patriotic scholars and teachers, to resume the external 
forms of the ancient Greek. (See Romaic.) The Greek 
language is embodied in a literature of extraordinary vari- 
ety, extent, and permanent interest, comprising works 
which take the first rank in nearly all the forms of liter- 
ary art, and have been the accepted models of Roman and 
modern literature. The language is highly synthetic, hav- 
ing an unlimited facility of derivation and composition; 
and by reason of this characteristic, and of its richness in 
idiomatic particles and condensed forms of expression, it 
lends itself to all the forms of literary art. Its vocabulary 
is extremely copious, and has been drawn upon freely by 
the Latin and by modern tongues, being now, with the 
Latin, the accepted storehouse from which the new terms 
