green 
the emerald by its brilliancy, but not by its tint. The 
term emerald-green as a name of green pigments has been 
applied to a variety of compounds, but the one in general 
use, at least in the United States, is the aceto-arsenite 
of copper, usually known as Paris green. Also called 
Pannetier green, Matthiru-Plessy green, and Arnanrlon 
green. Erlau green. Same as green bice (which see, under 
greeni, a.). Ethyl green, a dye similar to benzaldehyde 
green, being derived from diethyl-aniline. Also called 
new Victoria green. fast green. Same as benzaldehi/df 
green. French green. Same as Paris green. French 
Veronese green. Same as Veronese green. Gellert's 
green, a color made by mixing cobalt blue with flowers 
of zinc. Gentele'S green, a pigment prepared by pre- 
cipitating a solution of stannate of soda with a solution of 
sulphate of copper, forming a stannate of copper. Glau- 
cous green, a very bluish and whitish green, paler and 
less blue than turnuoise-green. Guignet's green, a pig- 
ment prepared by a particular process, consisting of chro- 
mium oxid. It is very permanent, of a deep rich green, and 
is used for painting, and to a limited extent in calico-print- 
ing. It is named from the inventor of the process, which 
has always been kept more or less secret. Guinea green, 
Helvetia green. Same as acid-green. Hooker's green, 
a mixture of Prussian blue and gamboge, used by artists 
mostly for water-color painting. Iodine frreen, a coal- 
tar color formerly used for dyeing, consisting of the di- 
methyl-iodide of trimethyl-rosaniline. Also called crys- 
tallized green. Light green. Same as acid-green. 
Lincoln green, a color formerly much used in England, 
and dyed with peculiar excellence at Lincoln ; hence, the 
woolen cloth so dyed, well known as the favorite wear of 
persons living in the woods, as huntsmen and outlaws. 
Whan they were clothed in Lyncolne grene, 
They kest away theyr graye. 
Lytell Geste of Robyn Hade (Child's Ballads, V. 117). 
Her nuke of Lyncole grene, 
It had been hers I weue 
More than fourty yere. 
Skelton, Elynour Rummyng, 1. 66. 
Manganese green, an unstable green composed of bari- 
um manganate. [Not in use.] Also called baryta green, 
Cassel green, Rosenstrehl's green. Matthleu-Plessy 
green. Same as emerald-green Methyl green, a coal- 
Ear color used in dyeing, being the methyl chlond com- 
pound of methyl violet. It occurs in commerce as a zinc 
double salt. It is applicable to cotton, wool, and silk. 
Mineral greens, green lakes prepared from copper sul- 
phate. These vary in shade, have all the properties of 
copper-greens, stand weather well, are little affected by 
light and air, and are good pigments for coarse work. 
Mlttler's green, a beautiful emerald-green of French 
manufacture, used in color-printing. It consists of chro- 
mium oxid compounded with boracic acid and water. 
Mixed greens, greens made by compounding blue and 
yellow pigments. Mountain-green. Same as malachite- 
green. Naphthol green, a coal-tar color used in dyeing, 
the iron compound of nitroso-naphthol-monosulphonic 
acid. It is applicable to wool only. New Victoria 
green. Same as ethyl green. Olive-green, a very dark 
green of low chroma. The term was formerly particularly 
applied to a color almost a dark gray, but seems of late 
years to be generally restricted to very yellowish greens 
of very low luminosity, the chroma of which may be quite 
full. Pannetier green. Same as emerald-green, Paris 
green, a pigment composed of the aceto-arsenite of cop- 
per. It is a very vividT light green, and is quite perma- 
nent, but is deficient in body. Being poisonous, it is very 
largely used as an insecticide to kill the potato-bug and the 
cotton-worm. Also called emerald-green, French green, 
mitis-green, Schweinfurt green. Pomona green. Same 
as apple-green. Prussian green, an imperfect prussiate 
of iron or Prussian blue in which the yellow oxid of iron 
predominates, or to which has been added yellow tincture 
of French berries. A better variety of Prussian green is 
made by precipitating the prussiate of potash with cobalt 
nitrate. Rinman's green. Same as cobalt green. Eo- 
senstrehTs green. Same as manganese green. Saxony 
green. Same as cobalt green. Scheele's green, a pig- 
ment composed of copper arsenite (CuHAsO 3 ). It dif- 
fers from Paris green in that it contains no acetic acid. 
Schwelnfurt green. Same as Paris green. Solid 
green. Same as benzaldehyde green, Ultramarine 
green, a pigment artificially prepared in France and Ger- 
many, and used instead of the arsenical greens for print- 
ing upon cotton and paper. Veronese green, a pigment 
consisting of hydrated chromium sesquioxid. It is a clear 
bluish green of great permanency. Also called viridian. 
Victoria green. Same as benzaldehyde green. Zinc 
green. Same as cobalt green. (See also acid-green, apple- 
green, bottle-green, chrome-green, cinnabar-green, grass- 
green, malachite -green, myrtle-green, oil-green, parrot- 
green, pea-green, sage-green, sap-green, sea-green, tur- 
quoise-green, verdigris-green.) 
green 1 (gren), v. [< ME. grenen, < AS. grenian, 
intr., become green, flourish, = D. groenen = 
MLG. gronen = OHG. gruonen, cruanen, MHG. 
gruonen, G. griinen = Icel. grona = Dan. refl. 
gronnes (of. Sw. gronska), become green ; from 
the adj.] I. intrans. To grow or turn green; 
in poetical use, to become covered with ver- 
dure ; be verdurous. 
When spring comes round again, 
By greening slope and singing flood. 
Whittier, Flowers in Winter. 
The sweet May flowers will deck the mound 
Greened in the April rain. 
R. H. Stoddard, Silent Songs. 
II. trans. To make green ; give or impart a 
green color to ; cause to become green. [Chiefly 
poetical.] 
And in each pleasing hue 
That greens the leaf, or through the blossom glows 
With florid light, his fairest month array'd. 
Mallr.tt, Amyntor and Theodora. 
Great spring before 
Qreen'd all the year. Thornton, Spring, 1. 321. 
2617 
greenhorn 
Nature . . . greens 
The swamp, where hums the dropping snipe, 
With moss and braided marisl 
green 2 t, " An obsolete form of grin%. 
A green anoth'r hath for hem ytilde. 
Palladius, Husbondrie (E. E. T. S.), p. 110. 
tard cod, buffalo-cod, and cultus-cod. See cut 
under cultns-cod. 
green-corn (gren'korn), n. The string of egg- 
capsules of some large mollusk, as a whelk, Buc- 
cinum. It is often brought up on the lines in deep-sea 
fishing, and is so called from some resemblance to an ear 
of Indian corn. 
green 3 (gren), v.i. [Sc., also grew, grien ;< ME. greenery (gre'ner-i), n. [< greenl + -ery.~\ 1. 
i/rciini, var. of gernen,<. AS. geornan, long, yearn : PI. greeneries (-iz). A place where green plants 
see f/eorn 1 .] To yearn ; long. 
There was he till, the flfthen year. 
He green'd for hame and land. 
Rosmer Bafmand (Child's Ballads, I. 258). 
Teugh Johnnie, staunch Geordie, an' Walie, 
are reared. 2. A mass of green plants or foli- 
age ; the appearance of color presented by such 
a mass. 
And here were forests ancient as the hills, 
Enfolding sunny spots of greenery. 
Coleridge, Kubla Khan. 
The Archery Hall, with an arcade in front, showed like 
a white temple against the greenery on the northern side. 
Oeorge Eliot, Daniel Deronda, x. 
greeney, . See greeny, 3. 
That griens for the fishes an' loaves. 
Burns, Election Ballads, No. 2. 
greenage (gre'naj), . [(.grccn^ + -age.] Green- 
ness; greenth. [Rare.] 
The dried stalks of last year's vegetation, which _ , , 
are wonderfully effective in toning down the dappled green-eyed (gren'Id), a. 1 . Having green eyes. 
greenage of the living leaves.^ _ _ _ Q beware> my lord _ o( jealoasy . 
It is the green-ei/'d monster, which doth mock 
The meat it feeds on. Shak., Othello, ill. 3. 
7 r< vcnnA rtut rtf TVmr n R9 
J. G. W ood, Out of Doors, p. 82. 
greenback (gren bak), n. 1. A legal-tender 
note of the United States: so called because 3 Figuratively, having the mental perception 
the back is printed with green ink. The first issue, JJ - A *-- J -- 1 : ;~ii i ^ i~.,. . 
of $160,000,000, was authorized by a law of February 25th, 
1862 ; the second, of the same amount, by a law of July 
llth, 1862 ; and the third, also of 1150,000,000, by a law of 
March 3d, 1863. By subsequent acts the amount was some- 
what decreased, and an act of March 31st, 1878, had the 
effect of fixing the amount then current (1346,681,016) as 
the regular circulation. 
The government issued greenbacks not only to suppress 
the rebellion, but to relieve the business of the country, in- 
asmuch as business had been in an exhausted condition a 
good part of the time from 1856 to 1861. 
T. W. Barnes, Thurlow Weed, p. 529. 
The issue of United States notes greenbacks was due 
to the exigencies of the war. N. A. Rev., CXLI. 202. 
2. The garfish, Below vulgaris. [Local, Eng.] greenfish (gren 'fish), . 
3. The American golden plover or golden- pollack. [Local, Eng.] 
back. Also called greenhead. [Local, U. S.] 
4. A humming-bird of the genus Panoplites. 
5. A frog. [Anglers' slang.] Greenback party, 
a political party in the United States, which originated in 
1874, and demanded the suppression of banks of issue, the 
confinement of the currency to greenbacks, and the total 
or partial payment of the debt of the United States in that 
currency. It has sometimes assumed the name Indepen- 
disturbed, as by passion, especially by jealousy ; 
seeing all things discolored or distorted. 
How all the other passions fleet to air, 
As doubtful thoughts, and rash-embrac'd despair, 
And shudd'ring fear, and green-ey'd Jealousy. 
Shak., M. of V., ill. 2. 
greenfinch (gren'finch), n. 1. A European 
green grosbeak, Coccothraustes or Ligurinvs 
chloris : so called from its color. Also called 
green linnet, green grosbeak, greenbird, green 
olf, and greeny. 2. See green finch (b), under 
finch 1 Indian greenfinch. Same as yellow finch 
(which see, under IfneAl). 
1. The coalflsh or 
A Fishmonger that sells nothing but Cod, or Greeneftsh. 
Cotgrave. 
2. The bluefish, Temnodon saltator or Pomato- 
mus saltatrix. 
In parts of Virginia and North Carolina It [the bluefish, 
Pamatomusaaltatrix]iakiuwrrtaBthegreen-fish. . . . Blue 
merging into green is the color. 
Stand. \at. Hist., III. 183. 
greenfly (gren 'fll), n.; pi. greenflies (-fliz). 1. 
Gree'nbacke'r'(grn^ A bright-green fly, Musca chloris. E. D.2. 
-crl.] A member of the Greenback party, or An aphid or plant-louse of various species: so 
one who adopts its principles. [U. S.] called from the color. Imp. Diet. 
The Greenbackers guide their feet by the light of expe- green-gill (gren'gil), . 1- Greenness of the 
rience. W. Phillips, N. A. Kev., CXXVII. 104. gills of an oyster ; the state of an oyster known 
Hencefaithlessandfruitlesspromisesorencouragement as greening. 2. A green-gilled oyster, 
to Greenbackers. New Princeton Rev., V. 202. green-gilled (gren'gild), a. Having green gills, 
Greenbackism (gren'bak-izm), . [< green- as oysters. This condition may be naturally acquired 
- - ~ or artificially produced. It does not impair the quality 
of the oysters, but in the United States it materially af- 
fects their sale, in consequence of a very general prejudice. 
In France, where oysters with this coloration are highly 
prized by epicures, greening is brought about by dilution 
of the salt water with fresh, which induces a growth of 
green conferva?, upon which the oyster feeds, and thence 
The principles of the Green- 
back + -ism.] 
back party. 
Interest in the quarrel with the South ... is undoubt- 
edly declining with the masses, and as it declines they 
are the more readily led off into other fields of activity 
like Greenbackism, which is really a name for a desire for 
changes of all sorts. The Nation, Sept. 26, 1879, p. 200. 
greenbane (gren'ban), n. 
greenbone. 
green-bass (gren'bas), n. A black-bass; any 
species of the genus Micropterus. 
green-bearded (gren'ber"ded), a. Affected 
with greening, or having green-gill: said of 
oysters, 
greenben (gren'ben), n. A Scotch form of 
greenbone. 
greenbird (gren'berd), n. Same as greenfinch, 1. 
greenbone (gren'bon), n. 1. The garfish, Be- 
lone vulgaris : so called from the greenish color 
of its bones. [Local, Eng.] -2 The eel-pout, The floor rf the 8i [ eant to be green , 
Zoarces vimparus : also so called from the green grown< wn ich it will hi a short time be with short moss. 
color of its bones. [Local, Eng.] Dorothy Wordsworth, Memorials of Coleorton, I. 220. 
greenbrier (gren'bri"er), . A plant of the ge- greenhead 1 (gren'hed), . Same as greenback, 
mis Smilaf, especially S. rotundifolia, a green- "3. Q_ Trumbull, 
ish-yellow climbing plant with prickly stem greenhead' 2 t, [ME. grenchede; < green* + 
and thick leaves. -head. Of. greenhood.] Greenness ; unripeness ; 
green-broom (gren'brom),n. The dyers' broom, immaturity; childishness. 
Genista tinctoria : so called from its use in dye- Youthe without* grenehede [var. grefhede] or folye. 
Chaucer, Man of Law's Tale, 1. 65. 
green-headedt (gren'hed"ed), a. Marked by or 
A coleopterous springing from immature experience or judg- 
acquires the color sought. 
A Scotch form of green-goose (gren'goV), n. 1. A young or mid- 
summer goose. 2f. A cuckold. [Old slang.] 
3f. Acommon woman. Halliwell. [Old slang.] 
In the summer his palace is full of green-geese, and in 
winter it swarmeth woodcocks. 
Beau, and Fl., Woman-Hater, L 2. 
greengrocer (gren ' gro ' ser), n. A retailer of 
vegetables. 
There is no woman but thinks that her husband, the 
green-grocer, could write poetry if he had given his mind 
to it. C. D. Warner, Backlog Studies, p. 55. 
i-grown (gren'gron), a. Covered with ver- 
ing green. Also called greening-weed, green- 
weed. See cut under Genista. 
green-chafer (gren'eha"fer), n. 
insect of the genus Agestrata. 
ment; ignorant. Bum/an. 
green-cloth (gren'kloth), . In England, for- greenheart (gren'hart), n. 1. The Nectandra 
merly, the counting-house of the king's house- 
hold: so called from the green cloth on the table 
at which the officials sat. The Board of the Green- 
cloth, composed of the lord steward and his subordinates, 
have charge of the accounts of and provisions for the 
household, and also perform certain legal duties. See 
Board of Green Cloth, under cloth. 
green-cod (gren'kod), n. 1. The coalfish. 
[Local, Eng.] 2. A Californian fish of the greenhoodt (gren'hud), n. [< green^ + -hood. 
family Chiridie, O])hiodon elongatus, sometimes Cf. greenhead 2 .'] Greenness, 
attaining a length of 3 or 4 feet, and highly greenhorn (gren'hdrn), n. [In allusion to a 
ranked as a food-fish. Also called cod, bus- cow, deer, or other horned animal when its 
Kodicei, a large lauraceous tree of Guiana. Its 
timber is remarkably hard, and is highly valued for its 
strength and durability. Its bark is known in commerce 
as bebeeru bark, and is used as a tonic and febrifuge. 
2. In Jamaica, the Colubrina ferruginosa, a 
small rhamnaceous tree False greenheart, the 
Calvptranthes Chytraculia, a small myrtaceous tree of the 
West Indies. 
