grinding-roll 
grinding-roll (grin'ding-rol), n. A roller or 
cylinder for grinding. 
grinding-slip (grin'ding-slip), n. A kind of oil- 
stone ; a hone. 
grinding-tooth (grin'ding-t6th), . A molar 
or grinder. 
grinding-vat (grin'ding-vat), H. A mill for 
grinding flints used in making porcelain. It is 
a form of arrastre. 
grinding-wheel (grin'ding-hwel), n. A wheel 
adapted for grinding or polishing. 
In the application of the various grinding and polish- 
ing wheels, especially the latter, there is always some risk, 
as the temptation to expedite the work causes too much 
vigor to be occasionally used. 
n. Byrne, Artisan's Handbook, p. 40. 
grindle (grin'dl), n. [Also called John A. Grin- 
die, which is a humorous extension of the sim- 
ple name ; origin not ascertained.] The mud- 
fish, Ami'i calva. [U. 8.] 
grindlestone (grin'dl-ston), n. [< ME. grindel- 
ston, equiv. to grinding-stone and grindstone.] 
A grindstone. [Prov. Eng.] 
Quat! hit clatered in the clyff, as hit cleue schulde. 
As one vpon a gryndelston hade grounden a sythe. 
Sir Gaviayne and the Green Knight (E. E. T. S.X I. 2202. 
Such a light and metall'd dance 
Saw you never yet in France ; 
And by lead-men for the nones 
That turn round like grindle-stones. 
B. Jonson, Love's Welcome at Welbeck. 
grindlet (grind'let), . [Origin obscure.] A 
small ditch or drain. Bailey, 1731. 
grindletailt (grin'dl-tal), n. [With ref. to the 
circular form, in allusion to arindlestone, a 
grindstone.] A dog with a curling tail. Also 
called trundletail. 
Their [bulls'] horns are plaguy strong, they push down 
palaces : 
They toss our little habitations like whelps, 
Like grindle-tails, with their heels upward. 
Fletcher, Island Princess, v. 1. 
grindstone (grind' ston, popularly grin 'ston), n. 
[< ME. grindston, grinston, gryndstoon ; < grind 
+ stone.] If. A stone used in grinding corn ; 
a millstone. 
Thow shalt not tank in stedde of a wed the nethermore 
and ouermore grynstoon. Wyelif, DeuL xxiv. 6 (Oxl). 
2f. A mill for grinding corn. 
The puple wenten abowt, gederynge it [the manna] and 
breke ft in a gryndstoon. Wycltf, Num. xl. 8 (OxtX 
3. A solid wheel of stone mounted on a spindle 
and turned by a winch-handle, by a treadle, or 
by machinery, used for grinding, sharpening, or 
polishing. The stone generally used for this purpose is 
a fine kind of sandstone found in England, Germany, Nova 
Scotia, and Arkansas, and at Berea in Ohio. Artificial 
grindstones are made of sand, corundum, emery, or some 
other abradant, and a cement* 
Grindstones are employed for three purposes : to smooth 
surfaces, to reduce metal to a given thickness, and to 
sharpen edge tools. 
Joshua Rose, Practical Machinist, p. 347. 
Bilston grindstone, a stone quarried at Bilston in Staf- 
fordshire, England, and used chiefly for grindstones. 
To bring, keep, put, or hold one's nose to the grind- 
stone, to subject one to severe toil or punishment 
He would chide them and tell them they might be asham- 
ed, for lack of courage to suffer the Lacedaemonians to hold 
their noses to the grindstone. North, tr. of Plutarch, p. 241. 
His tutor . . . made it one of his main objects in life 
to keep the boy's aspiring nose to the grindstone of gram- 
matical minuthe. Mrs. H. Ward, Robert Elsmere. 
grindstone-grit (grind'ston-grit), n. A sharp- 
grained sihcious rock, suitable for making 
grindstones and whetstones. See millstone-grit. 
gringo (gring'go), n. [Sp., gibberish; prob. a 
pop. var. of 
Griego, Greek.] 
Among Span- 
ish Americans, 
an Englishman 
or an Anglo- 
American : a 
term of eon- 
tempt. 
Englishmen, or 
Gringos as they 
are contemptuous- 
ly termed, are not 
liked in Chili, and 
travelling is un- 
comfortable and 
dangerous. 
W. W. Greener, 
[The Gun, p. 649. 
gringol6(gring- 
go-la'), a. In 
her., same as 
, */ .. \ ofaconceptacle.show 
(gn-nel i-a), n. (a an d magnified.) 
GHatullia Americana, frond reduced. 
<* structure of the leaf; *. vertical section 
ofaconceptacle.showingthechainsof spores. 
2626 
[NL., named in honor of Henry Grinnell, a 
merchant of New York (1800-74).] A genus 
of florideous marine algce, comprising a single 
species, G. Americana, which grows on the east- 
ern coast of the United States. It is one of the 
most beautiful of all the seaweeds, having broad, deli- 
cately membranaceous, rosy-red fronds composed of a 
single layer of cells. The spores occur in thicker and 
darker spots in the frond. 
grinner (grin'er), . One who grins. 
grinningly (grin'ing-li), adv. In a grinning 
manner. 
glint 1 (grint), n. [E. dial., a nasalized form of 
//r7 2 ,perhapssuggestedbyorMrf.] Grit. [Prov. 
Eng.] 
grint 2 t. A Middle English and Anglo-Saxon 
contraction of grindeth, third person singular 
present indicative of grind. 
grintet. An obsolete preterit of grin 1 . Chaucer. 
grintingt, . See grinding. 
griotte (gri-ot '), n. [F., a sort of speckled mar- 
ble, a particular application of griotte, a kind of 
cherry, egriot : see egriot.] A kind of red and 
brown marble. 
grip 1 (grip), 0. ; pret. and pp. gripped, ppr. 
grip/ring. [< ME. grippen (pret. grippede, grip- 
ped, gripte, often grippet, grippit, pp. gripped, 
griped) (= OHG. chripphan. chriffan, MHG. 
kripfen, kriffen, gripfen), seize, grip ; a secondary 
verb, the primary being AS. gripan, ME. gripen, 
E. gripe: see gripe 1 . The F. gripper, seize, grip, 
is from a LG. or Scand. form of gripe 1 , q. v. 
Cf. grip 1 , n.] I. trans. To grasp firmly with 
the hand ; gripe ; hence, to seize and hold fast 
by force of any kind. 
[They] grippit the godys and the gay ladys, 
And all the company cleue closit bom within. 
Destruction of Troy (E. E. T. S-X 1. 3203. 
My lord may grip my vassal lands, 
For there again maun I never be ! 
Jamie Telfer (Child's Ballads, VL 108). 
Until the car is gripped to the moving cable, it must 
depend for its motive power upon some other agent. 
Science, VIII. 275. 
II. intrans. 2faut.. to take hold; hold fast: 
as, the anchor grips. 
grip 1 (grip), n. [< ME. grip, < AS. gripe (with 
short vowel) (= MHG. gripe, grepe = OHG. 
grif, griph (in comp.), MHG. grif, Q. griff), grip, 
grasp, hold, clutch, < gripan (pp. gripen), gape: 
see gripe 1 , Kndcf. grip 1 , v.] 1. The act of grasp- 
ing strongly with the hand or by other means ; 
a seizing and holding fast; firm grasp: as, a 
friendly grip; the grip of a vise. 
I found a hard friend in his loose accounts, 
A loose one in the hard grip of his hand. 
Tennyson, Sea Dreams. 
She clasped her hands with a ijrip of pain. 
Whtttier, Tent on the Beach. 
The soft pressure of a little hand that was one day to 
harden with faithful grip of sabre. 
Lowell, Study Windows, p. 55. 
2. Mode of grasping; specifically, the grasp 
peculiar to any secret society as a means of 
recognition: as, the masonic grip. 3. That by 
which anything is grasped; a handle or hilt: 
as, the grip of a bow, of a sword or dagger, or of 
a gun-stock. See barrel, 5 (m). 
Holding the rod by the grip, the part of the butt wound 
with silk or rattan to assist the grasp, one finds that the 
reel, which is just below the grip, aids in balancing the 
rod. St. Xicholai, XIII. 658. 
4. In mining, a purchase or lifting-dog used to 
draw up boring-rods, by catching them under 
the collar at the joints. 5. In theatrical cant, 
a man employed to move scenery and proper- 
ties. 
Meanwhile the grips, as the scene-shifters are called, 
have hold of the side scenes ready to shove them on. 
Scribner'i Mag., IV. 444. 
6. A gripsack (which see). [Colloq., U. 8.] 
7. A hole through which tarred rope is drawn, 
to press the tar into the yarn and remove the su- 
perfluous portion. Also called gage and sliding- 
iiippers. 8. A clutching device attached to a 
railroad-car for connecting it with a moving 
traction-cable as a means of propulsion. See 
mble-railroad. 
let go, the air-brake put 
Science, VIII. 276. 
Pistol-grip of a gun-stock, a grip fashioned like the 
stock of a pistol, incorporated in the gun-stock. See cut 
under gun. To lose one's grip, to lose one's grasp 01 
control of any situation or affair ; lose one's self -control. 
The man was no coward at heart ; he had for the mo- 
ment, in army parlance, lost his grip under that first mur- 
derous fire. The Century, XXXVI. 250. 
grip 2 (grip), n. [Also gripe (see gripe^) ; < ME. 
grip, grippe, gryppe (also dim. gryppel: see 
' "), a ditch, drain, = OD. grippe, gruppe, 
To stop the car, the grip i 
on. 
gripe 
greppe, a channel, furrow, = LG. gruppe (dim. 
griippcl), a ditch, drain ; allied to and prob. (with 
alteration of vowel, as in grit%, < AS. great) de- 
scended from AS. (only in glosses) gredp, grep, 
earliest form (Kentish) groepe, a ditch, channel. 
A different but allied word appears in groop, 
q. v.] 1. A small ditch or trench ; a channel to 
carry off water or other liquid ; a drain. [Prov. 
Eng.] 
Than birth men casten hem in holes. 
Or in a grip, or in the fen. Havelok, 1. 2101. 
An' 'e tigs on 'is back i the grip, wi' noan to lend 'im a 
shove. Tennymn, Northern Farmer, New Style. 
2. Any kind of sink. [Prov. Eng.] 
grip 2 (grip), r. t. ; pret. and ( pp. gripped, ppr. 
(/ripping. [Also gripe (see gripe') ; < grip 2 , .] 
To trench ; drain ; cut into ditches or channels. 
[Prov. Eng.] 
grip 8 t, n. See gripe*. 
grip-car (grip'kar), n. A car having a grip. 
See grip 1 , n., 8. 
gripe 1 (grip), v. ; pret. and pp. griped, ppr. 
griping. [< ME. gripen (pret. grop, grap, grep, 
pi. gripen, grepen, pp. gripen), < AS. gripan 
(pret. grap, pi. gripon, pp. gripen) = OS. gripan 
= OFries. gripa = D. grijpen = MLG. gripen = 
OHG. grifan, MHG. grifen, G. greifen = Icel. 
gripa = Sw. gripa = Dan. gribe = Goth, grei- 
pan, gripe, seize. Hence grip 1 , gripple, and 
ult. grope, grasp, and perhaps grab 1 ; also F. 
gripper, seize (of LG. or Scand. origin), griffe, a 
claw, talon (of HG. origin) : see griff 1 , griffe 1 ."] 
1. trans. 1. To lay hold of with the fingers or 
claws; grasp strongly ; clutch. 
And when her suster herde this, she griped hir be the 
shulders, and put hir owt at the dore. 
Merlin (E. E. T. 8.X t. 9. 
2. To seize and hold firmly in any way. 
He lay at the ert he, and griped him sore in his armes. 
Merlin (E. E. T. S.X ill. 655. 
Thence gathering the whole intention of the conceit, 
ye may as in a handfull gripe al the discourse. 
Spenser, F. Q., To Sir Walter Raleigh. 
He had griped the monarchy in a stricter and faster 
hold. Jer. Taylor. 
3. To tighten; clench. 
Unlucky Welsted ! thy unfeeling master, 
The more thou ticklest, gripes his hand the faster. 
Pope, Dunciad, ii. 210. 
Here's John the smith's rough hammered head. Great eye, 
Gross jaw, and gnped lips do what granite can 
To give you the crown-grasper. Browning, Protua. 
4. To produce pain in as if by constriction or 
contraction: as, to gripe the bowels. 
I've seen drops myself as made no difference whether 
they was in the glass or out, and yet have griped you the 
next day. George Eliot, Middlemarch, Ixxi. 
Hence 5. To pinch; straiten; distress. 
And while fair Summers heat our fruits doth ripe, 
Cold Winters Ice may other Countries gripe. 
Sylvester, tr. of Du Bartas's Weeks, L 4. 
Had he been slaughterman to all my kin, 
I should not for my life but weep with him, 
To see how inly sorrow gripes his soul. 
Shale., 3 Hen. VL, L 4. 
Do you not tell men sometimes of their dulness, 
When you are grip'd, as now yon are, with need? 
Beau, and Ft., Captain, ii. 1. 
U. intrans. 1. To lay hold with or as with 
the hand; fix the grasp or clutch. 
They found his hands . . . fast griping upon the edge 
of a square small coffer which lay all under his breast. 
Sir P. Sidney, Arcadia, i. 
Alternately their hammers rise and fall, 
Whilst griping tongs turn round the glowing ball. 
Addition, tr. of Virgil's Georgics, iv. 
Struggling they gripe, they pull, they bend, they strain. 
Brooke, Constantia. 
2. To get money by grasping practices and ex- 
actions : as, a griping miser. 
He has lost their fair affections 
By his most covetous and greedy griping. 
Fletcher (and another T), Prophetess, L 1. 
He discovered none of that griping avarice, too often 
the reproach of his countrymen in these wars. 
Prescott, Ferd. and Isa., ii. 24. 
3. To suffer griping pains. 4. Naut., to lie 
too close to the wind: as, a ship gripes when 
she has a tendency to shoot up into the wind 
in spite of her helm. 
gripe 1 (grip), n. [< gripe 1 , v. Cf.grip 1 , n., with 
which gripe-w&s formerly partly merged (cf . the 
var. greepein quot. under def. 7).] 1. Fast hold 
with the hand or arms ; close embrace ; grasp ; 
clutch. 
Upon my head they plac'd a fruitless crown. 
And put a barren sceptre in my gripe. 
Shak., Macbeth, lit 1. 
I robb'd the treasury, and at one gripe 
Snatch'd all the wealth so many worthy triumphs 
Plac'd there as sacred to the peace of Rome. 
Fletcher (and another), False One, U. 3. 
