growan 
growan (grou'an), n. [Also grouan; < Corn. 
i/i'inr, gravel, or sand.] Granite. [Cornwall, 
Eng.] 
Hard grouan is granite or moorstone. Soft grouan is 
the same material in a lax and sandy state. Pryce. 
grower (gro'er), n. 1. One who or that which 
grows or increases. 
The quickest grower of any kind of elm. 
Mortimer, Husbandry. 
2. One who grows, raises, or produces ; a cul- 
tivator or producer: as, a hop-grower; a cattle- 
grower. 
In 1688, Mr. Gregory King . . . estimated the average 
price of wheat, in years of moderate plenty, to be to the 
grower 3s. Qd. the bushel. 
Adam Smith, Wealth of Nations, i. 11. 
The taxes on hops and saffron were the only excises 
ever in this country charged upon the grower of the thing 
taxed. S. DoweU, Taxes in England, II. 78. 
growing (gro'ing), n. [< ME. growinge; verbal 
n. of grow, >.] 1. The gradual increpaent of 
animal or vegetable bodies; increase in bulk, 
extent, amount, value, etc.; augmentation; en- 
largement. 2. That which has grown; growth. 
A more thicke and more large growyng of heare. 
J. Udatt, On 1 Cor. xi. 
growing (gro'ing), p. a. Promoting or encou- 
raging growth, as of plants : as, growing wea- 
ther. 
growing-cell (gro'ing-sel), n. A glass slide for 
a microscope, designed to preserve infusoria 
and other subjects alive and in a growing con- 
dition. It consists of a glass plate with a small reser- 
voir of water and a device for keeping up a capillary move- 
ment of the water. Also growing-slide. 
growingly (gro'ing-li), adv. In a growing man- 
ner; increasingly. 
A growingly important profession. 
The American, VI. 390. 
growing-slide (gro'ing-slid), n. Same as grow- 
ing-cell. 
growl (groul), v. [Formerly a\so groul, and dial. 
groil; < late ME. growlen; cf . MD. grollen, make 
a noise, rumble, murmur, grunt, croak, etc., 
also be angry, D. grollen, grumble, = G. grollen, 
rumble, also be angry, bear ill will (MHG. griil- 
len, scorn, jeer) ; cf . OF. grouiller, rumble ; per- 
haps orig. imitative; cf. Gr. ypvUifctv, grunt, 
< ypM/lof, a pig, < ypv, a grunt. Cf. E. dial. 
gruffle, growl.] I. intrans. 1. To utter a deep 
guttural sound of anger or hostility, as a dog 
or a bear; hence, to emit a sharp rumbling 
sound, as the forces of nature. 
The gaunt mastiff, growling at the gate, 
Affrights the beggar whom he longs to eat. 
Pope, Moral Essays, ill. 196. 
The growling winds contend, and all 
The sounding forest fluctuates in the storm. 
Armstrong, Art of Preserving Health, i. 
Hence 2. To speak in an offended or discon- 
tented tone; find fault; grumble: as, he growled 
at being disturbed. 
Determined not to witness the humiliation of his favor- 
ite city, he [Peter Stuyvesant] . . . made a growling re- 
treat to his bouwery. Irving, Knickerbocker, p. 460. 
He's crabbeder Sundays than any other day, he has so 
much time to graowl round. U. B. Stowe, Oldtown, p. 126. 
II. trans. If. To make reluctant; cause to 
grudge: used reflexively. Caxton. 2. To ex- 
press by growling or grumbling. 
Each animal . . . fled 
Precipitate the loath'd abode of man, 
Or growl'd defiance. Cowper, Task, vL 377. 
He reach'd 
White hands of farewell to my sire, who growl'd 
An answer. Tennyson, Princess, v. 
growl (groul), n. [< growl, v.} A deep snarl- 
ing and threatening sound from the throat, ex- 
pressive of the hostility of an animal ; hence, 
the grumbling or faultfinding of an offended 
or discontented person. 
growler (grou'ler), . 1. One who growls. 
2. A certain fish: same as grunt, 2. 3. A four- 
wheeled cab. [Slang, Eng.] 
Who will contend that it is pleasanter to travel in a 
growler than inside an improved omnibus or tram-car? 
Nineteenth Century, XXIII. 241. 
4. A vessel, as a pitcher, jug, pail, or can, 
brought by a customer for beer. [Slang, U. S. , 
of unknown origin.] 
growling (grou'ling), n. [Verbal n. of growl, 
t>.] The act of uttering angry or threatening 
sounds ; snarling ; grumbling : as, the growling 
of thunder. 
In that year [1788) the preliminary growling of the storm 
which was to burst over France in a few months' time was 
already making itself heard. 
Fortnightly Rev., N. 8., XLIII. 373. 
growlingly (grou'ling-li), adv. In a growling 
manner; with a growl. 
2640 
grown (gron), p. a. [Pp. of grow, v.} 1. In- 
creased in growth ; enlarged; swollen. 
Their saill fell over bord, in a very grown sea, so as they 
had like to have been cast away. 
Bradford, Plymouth Plantation, p. 86. 
This is now so grown a vice, and has so great supports, 
that I know not whether it do not put in for the name of 
a virtue. Locke. 
2. Arrived at full growth or stature. 
It came to pass, . . . when Moses was grown, that he 
went out unto his brethren. Ex. it 11. 
There the grown serpent lies ; the worm, that's fled, 
Hath ... no teeth for the present 
Shalt., Macbeth, iii. 4. 
Grown over, covered by a growth of anything ; over- 
grown : as, a wall grown over with ivy. 
growse 1 (grouz), v. i.; pret. and pp. growsed, 
ppr. growsing. [Also growze, Sc. groose, grooze, 
gruze, prob. ult. < AS. "grusian, a supposed sec- 
ondary form (= OHG. gruwison, gruigon, MHG. 
griusen, grusen, be in terror, shudder, G. grau- 
sen, impers., shiver, shudder) of "greosan, in 
comp. pp. begroren. terrified: see grise 1 .] To 
shiver; nave a chill. [North. Eng.] 
growse 2 t, n. An obsolete spelling of grouse. 
growspme (gro'sum)^ a. [< grow + -some.'] 
Tending to make things grow: as, it's a fine 
growsome morning; it's nice growsome weather. 
Wright. [Prov. Eng.] 
growth (groth), n. [< grow + -th, after Icel. 
grodhr, grodhi, growth.] 1. The process of 
growing; gradual natural increase, as of an 
animal or vegetable body; specifically, the pro- 
cess of developing from a germ, seed, or root 
to maturity. 
The increase of size which constitutes growth is the re- 
suit of a process of molecular intussusception, and there- 
fore differs altogether from the process of growth by ac- 
cretion, which ... is effected purely by the external ad- 
dition of new matter. Huxley, Anat Invert., p. 2. 
The word "grow " as applied to stones signifies a total- 
ly different process from what is called growth in plants 
and animals. Huxley, Anat. Invert., p. 2. 
It appears to be a biological law that great growth is 
not possible without high structure. 
Wetmimter Ret., CXXV. 360. 
2. Increase in any way, as in bulk, extent, 
number, strength, value, etc.; development; 
advancement; extension. 
The beginnings, antiquities, and grouth of the classical 
and warre-like shipping of this Island [England]. 
llaklnyft Voyages, To the Reader. 
The softness of his Nature gave growth to factions of 
those about him. Milton, Hist. Eng., vi. 
For the affection of young ladies is of as rapid growth 
as Jack's beanstalk, and reaches up to the sky in a night 
Thackeray, Vanity Fair, iv. 
3. That which has grown ; anything produced ; 
a product. 
So forest pines th' aspiring mountain clothe, 
And self -erected towers the stately growth. 
Brooke, Universal Beauty, Hi. 
Affection's depth and wedded faith are not of the growth 
of that soil. Lamb, Artificial Comedy. 
The light and lustrous curls . . . were parch'd with 
dust; 
Or, clotted into points and hanging loose, 
Mix'd with the knightly growth that fringed his lips. 
Tennyson, Morte d'Arthur. 
Growth by apposition, in lot. See apposition. 
growthead, growtnolt. See grouthead, grout- 
noil. 
growth-form (groth'form), n. A special vege- 
tative form attained in process of growth, char- 
acteristic of a species, or oftener common to 
many species, but implying no genetic affinity. 
Shrub, nerb, and sprouting fungus are growtn- 
forms. 
growthful (groth'ful), a. [< growth + -ful.] 
Susceptible of growth orimprovement. [Rare.] 
In the subject of this biography we see how much more 
growthful is a lowly commencement than the most bril- 
liant beginnings, if made in borrowed exuviee. 
Dr. J. Hamilton, in Life of Lady Colquhoun, p. 67. 
groyne 1 , w. See groin 1 ; 3. 
groyne 2 }, *" and . An obsolete form of groin 2 . 
grozet (groz'et), n. [Sc. : seegroser.} A goose- 
berry. 
As plump and gray as onie grozet. Burns, To a Louse. 
grozing-iron (gro' zing-Fern), n. [< "grazing 
(origin unknown) 4- iron.'} 1. A plumbers' 
tool for finishing soldered joints. 
Grazing irons to assist in soldering. 
Encyc. Brit., IV. 502. 
2f. An instrument with an angular projection 
of steel, formerly used for cutting glass. 
grozzer (groz'er), n. Same as groser. 
grub (grub), . ; pret. and pp. grubbed, ppr. grub- 
binij. [< ME. grubben, sometimes grobben, dig; 
prob. of LG. origin ; cf. LG. freq. grubbeln, 
grope, with equiv. grabbeln (cf. E. grabble). The 
grubby 
sense is the same as that of OHG. grubilon, 
MHG. grubelen, G. griibeln, grub, dig, rake, stir, 
search minutely (= Sw. grubblu = Dan. gruble, 
muse, ponder, ruminate on), a freq. verb, allied 
to graben (pret. grub), dig, = AS. grafan, E. 
prai'el, dig : see grave 1 .} I. intrans. 1. To dig 
in or under the ground; hence, to work hard 
in any way ; especially, to make laborious re- 
search ; search or study closely. 
So depe thai grubbed and so fast, 
Thre crosses fand thai at the last 
Holy Rood (E. E. T. S.X p. 94. 
Those who knew his [Lord Temple's] habits tracked him 
as men track a mole. It was his nature to grub under- 
ground, ifacaulay, Earl of Chatham. 
2. [< grub, n., 3.] To eat; take a meal: as, it 
is time to grub. [Slang.] 
II. trans. 1. To dig; dig up by the roots: 
frequently followed by up or out: as, to grub 
up shrubs or weeds. 
Builders of iron mills, that grub up forests, 
With timber trees for shipping. 
Matminger, Guardian, ii. 4. 
The very stumps of oak, especially that part which is 
dry and above ground, being well grubb'd. Is many times 
worth the pains and charge, for sundry rare and hard 
works. Evelyn, Sylva, lit 14. 
2. [< grub, n., 3.] To supply with food; pro- 
vide with victuals. [Slang.] 
The red-nosed man [Stiggins] warn't by no means the 
sort of person you'd like to grub by contract. 
Dickens, Pickwick, xxii. 
grub (grub), n. JX grub, . ] 1. The larva of 
an insect; especially, the larva of a beetle : as, 
the v/hite-grub (the larva of Lachnosternafusca). 
Also grubwonn. 
Follow the plough, and you shall find a white worm 
. . . that is in Norfolk, and some other counties, called 
a (iriiii, and is bred of the spawn or eggs of a beetle : . . . 
you will find them an excellent bait. 
/. Walton, Complete Angler, i. 17. 
The very rooks and daws forsake the fields, 
Where neither grub, nor root, nor earth-nut now 
Repays their labour more. Cowper, Task, v. 90. 
2f. A short thick man ; a dwarf : in contempt. 
John Romane, a short clownish grub, would bear the 
whole carcase of au ox. Carew. 
3. Something to eat ; victuals ; a provision of 
food (as the product of grubbing or hard work). 
[Slang.] 
Let's have a pound of sausages, then, that's the best 
grub for tea I know of. 
T. Hughes, Tom Brown at Rugby, 1. 6. 
Time for grub came on : we started a fire, fried some 
fish, ate it S. Marston, Frank's Ranche, p. 24. 
grub-ax (grub'aks), n. Same as grubbing-hoe. 
grubber (grub'er). n. [< ME. grubbere, grub- 
bare; < grub, v., T -eri.j 1. One who grubs; 
hence, a hard worker, especially a close stu- 
dent. 2. A tool for grubbing out roots, weeds, 
etc. ; an agricultural implement for clearing 
and stirring up the soil, with long teeth or 
tines fixed in a frame and curved so that the 
points enter the soil obliquely. Also called cul- 
tivator and scarifier. 3. One who eats; a feed- 
er. [Slang.] 
"I'm a heavy grubber, dear boy," he said, as a polite 
kind of apology, when he had made an end of his meal. 
Dickens, Great Expectations, xl. 
grubbery (grub'er-i), n. [< grub + -ery.} A 
piece of grubbing or digging. [Bare.] 
After remaining several years in a state of suspended 
animation, owing to lack of funds, this damp and sombre 
grubber;/ [the Thames tunnel] had now approached to 
within one hundred and eighty feet of low-water mark on 
the Middlesex side of the river. 
First Year of a Silken Reign, p. 164. 
grubbing-az (grub'ing-aks), n. Same as grub- 
bing-hoe. 
A delving toole with two teeth, wherewith the earth is 
opened in such places as the plough cannot pearse : some 
call it a grubbing axe. Nomendator. 
grubbing-hoe (grub'ing-ho), n. A tool for dig- 
ging up shrubs, weeds, roots, etc.; a mattock. 
Also called grub-ax, grubbing-ax. 
grubblet (grub'l), v. [A var. of grapple, freq. 
of grope: see grub, v.~\ I. intrans. To feel in 
the dark, or as a blind man; grope. 
He looked at the fish, then at the fiddle, still grabbling 
in his pockets. Spectator, No. 444. 
Be sure to mix among the thickest crowd ; 
There I will be, and there we cannot miss, 
Perhaps to grubble, or at least to kiss. 
Dryden, tr. of Ovid's Amours, I. iv. 73. 
II. trans. To feel of with the hands. 
Thou hast a colour ; 
Now let me roll and grubble thee ; 
Blind men say white feels smooth, and black feels rough. 
Dryden. 
grubby 1 (grub'i), a. [< grub, v., + -y 1 .} 1. 
Dirty ; unclean, as if from grubbing. 
