gum 
Each weeping Tree had Gums distill'd. 
Cutvjreve, Tears of Amaryllis. 
2. A form of dextrine produced by roasting 
starch : specifically called artificial or British 
(IKin. 3. One of various species of trees, espe- 
cially of the genera Eucalyptus, of Australia, and 
Nyssa, of the United States. Of the Australian trees, 
the apple-scented gum is E. Stuartiana ; the blue-gum, B. 
Globutus, etc. (see blue-gum)-, the cider -gum, E. Qunnii; 
the crimson-flowered, E. ficifolia; the flooded, E. deci- 
piens, etc. ; the fluted or gimlet, /-'. salubris ; the giant, 
K. aini/ijdaliiia; the green-barked, E. stellulata; the 
gray, E. crebra, etc.; the iron, E. Reoeretiana ; the lem- 
on-scented, JK. maculata; the manna, //'. mminalis ; the 
messmate, E.Jtssilit; the red, E. calophylla, E. rostrata, 
etc. ; the salmon-barked, /;'. salmonopolia ; the scarlet- 
flowered, E. miniata and E. Phoenicia; the spotted or 
marbled. E. maculata, E. gonioralyx, etc. ; the swamp, 
E. amygdalina, E. paniculata, etc. ; the white, E. ainyg- 
dalina; and the York gum, E. foscunda. In the United 
States the black-gum or sour-gum is Kyssa sylvatica (see 
black-yum); the cottou- or tupelo-gum, N. uniflora; the 
sweet- or red-gum, Liquidambar Styracijlua. In the West 
Indies the doctor-gum is Rhus Metopium; the gum-tree 
of Jamaica, Sapium laurifolium, and of Dominica, Da- 
cryodex hexandra. See cut under Eucalyptus. 
4. Same as gumming, 1. 5. A bubble; a pim- 
ple. Compare red-gum, white-gum. 
Bubbles on watery or fluid bodies are but thin gumbs of 
air. Sir T. Browne, Bubbles. 
6. pi. India-rubber overshoes : more common- 
ly called rubbers. [Local, U. S.] 
A Philadelphia gentleman and his wife going to make a 
visit at a house in New York where they were very much 
at home, he entered the parlor alone ; and, to the question 
" Why, where is Emily ? " answered, " 0, Emily is outside 
cleaning her gums upon the mat." 
B. O. White, Words and their Uses, Pref., p. 5. 
7. A section of a hollow log or tree (usually 
a gum-tree) used to form a small well-curb, 
or to make a beehive. [Local, U. S.] Aca- 
rold gum, or gum acaroldea, a fragrant resin, red or yel- 
low in color, obtained from species of Xanthorrhaa, the 
blackboy or grass gum-trees of Australia. Also called 
blackbuy or Botany Bay gum, and grass-tree or yellow gum. 
Alsace gum. Same as dextrine. Barbary gum, a 
kind of gum arable. Also called yum Moyadore ana Cara- 
mania //. Bassora gum, a Persian product of uncer- 
tain origin, used principally for the adulteration of traga- 
canth. Bengal gum. See bablah. Blackboy gum. 
See blackboy. Botany Bay gum. Same as acaroid gum. 
British gum, roasted starch; a stiffening substance 
made from potatoes, wheat, or sage, used by calico-print- 
ers. See dext rine. Butea gum. See Bute a and Inno. 
Caramania gum. Same as Barbary gum. Carauna 
gum. See carauna. Cashew gum, an exudation from 
the Anacardinin occidentals, which is partly soluble in 
water. Chagual gum, a gum collected in Chili from the 
Puya lanuginosa, a bromeliaceous plant. Cherry-gum. 
Same as cerasin. Chewing-gum, a masticatory consisting 
either of a natural resin or gum-resin, as that of the spruce, 
or of an artificial preparation of paraffin and other ingre- 
dients: much used in parts of the United States. Elas- 
tic gum, india-rubber. Gedda gum, a kind of gum ara- 
ble obtained from the Somali coast of eastern Africa. Also 
called Jidda gum Grass-tree gum. Same as acaroid 
gum. Gum acacia. Same as gum arabic. Gum am- 
moniac. See ammoniac. Gum anime. See anime and 
copal. Gum arabic, a gum obtained from various spe- 
cies of Acacia. The best gum arabic of commerce, which 
is also known as Kordofan, Turkey, white Sennaar, go- 
lam, or Senegal gum, is the product of A. Senegal, a tree 
of Senegal and the Sudan. A. Arabica, found in India, 
Arabia, and through a large part of Africa, yields the 
Morocco, Mogadore, Barbary, East Indian, or bablah gum. 
The Cape gum of South Africa is obtained from . 1 . horrida. 
Suakim or talca gum is the product of A. stenocarpa and 
A. Seyal. Wattle gum is obtained from a number of Aus- 
tralian species. Gum arabic is readily soluble in water, 
and is used in many ways, as for giving luster to crape 
and silk, for thickening colors and mordants in calico- 
printing, in the manufacture of ink and blacking, as a 
mucilage, and in medicine. Also called gum acacia. 
Gum benzoin or benj amln. See benzoin. Gum copal. 
See copal. Gum dragon. Same as tragacanth. Gum 
elastic. Same as india-rubber and caoutchouc. 
Professor Espy was here, with a tremendous storm in a 
gum-elastic bag. Hawthorne, Hall of Fantasy. 
Gum elemi. Seeefewu'. Gum euphorblum. See eu- 
phorbium, 1. Gum galbanum. See galbanum. Gum 
gualacurn. See guaiacum. Gum guttae [F. gomme 
gutte]. Same as gamboge. Gum Juniper. Same as ran- 
darac. Gum kino. See fcmo. Gum lac. See lac. 
Gum ladanum or labdanum, and gum ledon. See la- 
danum. Gum maguey, a translucent gum, partly solu- 
ble in water, obtained in Mexico from the Agave Ameri- 
cana. Gum Mogadore. Same as Barbary gum. Gum 
olibanum. See olibanum. Gum opopanax. See 
opopanax. Gum sagapenum. See sagapenum. Gum 
sandarac. See sandarac. Gum Senegal, a kind of gum 
arabic. See above, under gum arabic. Gumstorax. See 
storax. Gum succory, a gummy exudation from Chon- 
drillajuncea, a cichoriaceous composite of central Europe, 
employed as a narcotic. Gum thus. Same as frankin- 
cense, 1. Gum tragacanth. See tragacanth. Hyawa 
gum, from ProtiumOuianense, a burseraceous tree of Brit- 
ish Guiana. Ivy-gum,a gum-resin obtained in the Levant 
and southern Europe from Hedera Helix, and employed 
topically in medicine as an acrid astringent. Jidda 
gum. Same as Gedda num. Euteera gum, a pro- 
duct of Cochlospermum Gossiipium, a bixaceous shrub of 
India, used as a substitute for tragacanth. Mesquite- 
gum, gum from the Prosopis juliftora, a small legumi- 
nous tree widely distributed through the warmer parts of 
America. It resembles gum arabic. Moist gum. Same 
as dextrine. Plastic gum, gutta-percha. Sassa gum, 
a product of AlMzzia fastigiata, resembling tragacanth. 
2656 
Semla gum, gum obtained from the Bauhinia retusa, 
a leguminous tree of the Himalayas. It is similar to gum 
arabic. Sonora gum, the resin which covers the creo- 
sote-plant, Lama Mexicana, used as a remedy for rheu- 
matism, etc. Sweet gum, a balsamic exudation from 
the Liquidambar styracfjlua. (See also balata-yum, chicle- 
gum, doctor-gum, hog-gum, spruce-gum, etc.) 
gum 2 (gum), v. ; pret. and pp. gummed, ppr. 
gumming. [< gunfe, .] I. trans. 1. To smear 
with gum; unite, stiffen, or clog by gum or a 
gum-like substance. 
I have removed Fal staff's horse, and he frets like a gum- 
med velvet. Shak., 1 Hen. IV., 1L 2. 
[Velvet and taffeta were sometimes stiffened with gum to 
make them look shiny or sit better ; but the consequence 
was that the stuff, being thus hardened, quickly rubbed 
and fretted itself out llnllht-U. ] 
The gummed wafer bore on it the impress of a gilt 
coronet Trollope, Barchestcr Towers. 
2. To play a trick upon ; humbug; hoodwink: 
said to be from the fact that opossums and ra- 
coons often elude hunters and dogs by hiding 
in the thick foliage of gum-trees. [Slang, U. 8.J 
You can't gum me, I tell you now, 
An' so you needn't try. 
Lowell, Biglow Papers, 1st ser. 
II. intrans. 1. To exude or form gum. See 
gumming, 1. 2. To become clogged or stif- 
fened by some gummy substance, as inspis- 
sated oil: as, a machine will gum up from dis- 
use. 
gum-animal (gum'an"i-mal), n. A book-name 
of Galago senegalensis, a kind of lemur, trans- 
lating a Moorish name referring to the fact that 
the animal feeds upon gum Senegal. See Ga- 
lago. 
gumbt, An obsolete spelling of gum 2 . 
gumbo 1 (gum'bo), . [Also gombo; appar. of 
Ind. or negro origin.] 1. The pod of Hibiscus 
esculentus, also called okra. 2. A soup, usual- 
ly of chicken, thickened with okra. 
The millions of Yankees from codfish to alligators . . . 
cooks of chowder or cooks of gumbo. 
T. Winthrop, Canoe and Saddle, iii. 
3. A dish made of young capsules of okra, sea- 
soned with salt and pepper, and stewed and 
served with melted butter. 
gumbo 2 (gum'bo), H. [Appar. of some native 
origin (f).] A patois spoken by West Indian 
and Louisianiau Creoles and negroes. 
English, German, French, and Spanish, all were repre- 
sented, to say nothing of Doric brogue and local gumbo, 
and Its voluble exercise was set off by a vehemence of ut- 
terance and gesture curiously at variance with the reti- 
cence of our Virginians. The Century, A X X I. 618. 
" Laroussel, you're the only Creole in this crowd," said 
the captain ; " talk to her ! Talk gumbo to her ! " 
Harper's Mag., LXXVL 749. 
gum-boil (gum' boil), H. A small abscess on the 
gum. 
gumbo-limbo (gum'b6-lim"b6), n. Same as Ja- 
maica or West Indian birch (which see, under 
birch). 
gumby (gum'bi), .; pi. gumbies (-biz). [W. 
Ind., perhaps orig. African.] A kind of drum 
used by the negroes of the West Indies, made 
of a piece of a hollow tree, about feet long, 
over which a skin is stretched. It is carried 
by one man while another beats it with his open 
hands. 
A squad of drunken black vagabonds, singing and play- 
ing on gumbies, or African drums. M. Scott. 
gum-cistus (gum'sis'tus), n. A plant, Cistus 
ladaniferus, yielding ladanum. See Cistus, 2, 
and ladanum. 
gum-drop (gum'drop), 11. 1. In phar., a con- 
fection composed of gum arabic and cane-sugar, 
esteemed as a demulcent. U. S. Dispensatory. 
2. In confectionery, a similar preparation, of- 
ten made with glucose and gelatin, and vari- 
ously flavored. 
gum-dynamite (guni'di^na-mit), n. Same as 
explosive gelatin. See gelatin. 
gum-game (gum'gam), . [See grim 2 , v. t., 2.] 
A hoodwinking trick; a guileful artifice; an 
imposition : as, to play the gum-game. [Slang, 
TJ. S.] 
gumma (gum'a), n.; pi. gummata (-a-ta). [ML., 
a var. of L. gummi, gum : see gum 2 .] In pathol. , 
a kind of tumor produced by syphilis, so called 
from the resemblance of its contents to gum. 
gummatous (gum'a-tus), a. [< gumma(t-) + 
-OH.?.] In pathol., of the nature of a gumma or 
soft tumor. 
The gummatmis degeneration of the products of syphi- 
litic infection is not always easily distinguished from the 
caseous. Encyc. Brit., XVIIL 390. 
These symptoms and signs are due to gummatous infil- 
tration of the lung. Medical News, LII. 597. 
glimmer (gum'er), . [< gum 1 , v., + -er 1 .] A 
tool or machine for gulleting saws, or for en- 
gumption 
larging the spaces between the teeth of worn 
saws. 
gUmmiferOUS (gu-mif'e-rus), a. [< L. gummi, 
gum, + fern = E. bear 1 .} Producing gum. 
gumminess (guin'i-nes), n. 1. The state or 
quality of being gummy ; viscousness. 2. An 
accumulation of gum. 
One of about twenty years of age came to me with a 
gumminess on the tendons reaching to his fingers, inso- 
much as he could not bend one of them. 
Wiseman, Surgery, viii. 
gumming (gum'ing), . [Verbal n. of <//-, 
.] 1. A disease in trees bearing stone-fruits, 
as cherries, plums, apricots, peaches, and al- 
monds. It is characterized by the production of brown 
or amber-colored gum that exudes/rom wounds on the 
trunk, limbs, or even fruit. The cause has not been sat- 
isfactorily determined. Also gum. 
2. The treatment of the prepared and etched 
lithographic stone with gum-water, to cause 
the untouched portions to resist the ink. See 
lithography. 
Oumminia (gu-miu'i-a), . [NL., < L. gummi, 
gum.] A genus of fleshy sponges, giving name 
to the order Gumminiince. Also Gummina. Os- 
car Schmidt, 1862. 
Gumminiinae (gu-mm-i-i'ne), n. pi. [NL., < 
Gumminia + -tn<B.] An order or other super- 
family group of fleshy sponges or Carneospon- 
gite, including tough leathery forms, the exter- 
nal layer of which forms a partly fibrous cor- 
tex, the fibers permeating the central mass 
surrounding the canals, and also penetrating 
the mesoderm. Also Gummininte. Stand. Nat. 
Hist., I. 63. 
gummite (gum'It), n. [< L. gummi, gum, + 
-ite 2 .] An orange-yellow mineral consisting 
chiefly of hydrous oxid of uranium, produced 
by the alteration of uraninite. 
gummosis (gu-mo'sis), n. [NL., < L. gummi, 
gum, -I- -osis.'] In lot., the formation of gum 
m the older organs of plants by the transforma- 
tion of large groups of tissue, as in the produc- 
tion of cherry-gum and gum tragacanth. 
gummosity (gu-mos'i-ti), . [= OF. gommosite, 
<L. gummosus, gummous: see gummous.] Gum- 
miness; the nature of gum; a viscous or ad- 
hesive quality. [Rare.] 
gummous (gum'us), a. [= F. gommeux = Pr. 
gomos = Sp. gomoso = Pg. It. gommoso, < L. 
gummosus (also cumminosus), gummy, < gummi, 
cummi, gum: see gum 2 .} Of the nature or qual- 
ity of gum; viscous; adhesive. 
Of this we have an instance in the magisteries ... of 
jalap, bensoin, and of divers other resinous or gummous 
bodies dissolved in spirit of wine. Boyle, Works, IV. 337. 
The thoughU rise heavily and pass gummous thro' my 
pen. Sterne, Tristram Shandy, ix. 13. 
gummy (gum'i), a. [< <7Mw 2 + -y 1 .] 1. Consist- 
ing of gum ; of the nature of gum ; viscous ; 
adnesive. 
Heer, for hard Cement, heap they night and day 
The gummy slime of chalkie waters gray. 
Sylvester, tr. of Du Bartas's Weeks, il., Babylon. 
From the utmost end of the head branches there issueth 
out a gummy juice, which hangeth downward like a cord. 
Raleigh. 
2. Impregnated with gum; giving out gum; 
covered with or clogged by gum or viscous 
matter. 
The gummi/ bark of fir or pine. Milton, P. L., x. 1076. 
The yawning youth, scarce half awake, essays 
His lazy limbs and dozy head to raise ; 
Then rubs his gummy eyes, and scrubs his pate. 
Dryden. 
3. In pathol., pertaining to or having the na- 
ture of a gumma; gummatous. 4. Having an 
accumulation of gum, or matter resembling 
gum; stuffy; puffy; swollen. [Slang.] 
A little gummy in the leg, I suppose. 
Colman the Younger, Poor Gentleman. 
gump (gump), n. [Perhaps < Icel. gumpr = Sw. 
Dan. gump. the rump.] A foolish person; a 
dolt, [Colloq.] 
C. ... is still a gump, and is constantly regretting 
that she ever left the "dear old Hengland " in which she 
was so notoriously prosperous and happy. 
Uarper's Mag., LXXVI. 148. 
gum-plant (gum'plant), n. A plant of the ge- 
nus Grindelia : so called from the viscid secre- 
tion which covers them. [California.] 
gum-pot (gum'pot), n. A metal pot in which 
the materials for varnish are melted and mixed. 
gumption (gump'shon), n. [Also gumshion, dial. 
gawmtion; orig. dial., irreg. < gaum 1 , gau'm, un- 
derstand (see gaum 1 ], + -Won.] Acuteness of 
the practical understanding; clear, practical 
common sense ; quick perception of the right 
thing to do under unusual circumstances. 
[Colloq.] 
