gynaeceum 
woman, E. queen and quean, q. v.] 1. Among 
the ancients, the part of a dwelling of the better 
class devoted to the use of women generally 
the remotest part, lying beyond an interior 
court; hence, in occasional use, a similar divi- 
sion of any house or establishment where the 
sexes are separated, as a Mohammedan harem. 
Also (jijncconitix. 
Women, up till this 
Cramp'd under worse than South-sea-isle taboo. 
Dwarfs of the gynceceum, fail so far 
In high desire. Tennyson, Princess, 111. 
2. A manufactory or establishment in ancient 
Rome for making clothes and furniture for the 
emperor's family, the managers of which were 
women. 3. See gynacium. 
gynaecium, Same as gynoecium. 
gynaecocosmos (ji-ne-ko-koz'mos), n. [< Gr. 
ywaiKOn.6auog, < ywr/ (ywaiK-), a woman, + K 
order, decency.] Same as gyrxeconomos. 
gynaecocracy, gynaecological, gynaecologist, 
etc. See gynecocracy, etc. 
gynaeconoinos (jin-e-kon'o-mos), n. [< Gr. yv- 
vaiKnvd/iof, < ywr/ (ywaiK-), a woman, + vkfiuv, 
regulate, manage.] One of a body of magis- 
trates in ancient Athens especially charged with 
the execution of the sumptuary laws relating to 
women, and of various police laws for the ob- 
servance of decency in public and private. One 
of their chief duties, which was sternly enforced, was the 
maintenance of good order in all respects in the great 
public processions and religious embassies, such as that 
to the Delphian sanctuary. 
Tander (ji-nan'der), n. [< Gr. yin>av6po;, of 
ibtful sex, < ywi], a female (in mod. bot. a 
?istil), + avrip (avip-), male: see Gynandria.~\ 
. An effeminate man. [Rare.] 
An emasculated type, product of short-haired women 
and long-haired men, gynandertf and androgynes. 
Scrioner's Mag., III. 631. 
2. A plant belonging to the class Gynandria. 
Gynandria (ji-nan'dri-a), n. pi. [NL.] 
The twentieth class in the vegetable system 
of Linnaeus, 
characterized 
by having 
gynandrous 
flowers, as in 
all orchida- 
ceous plants. 
gynandrian 
( ji - nan ' dri - 
an), a. [< Gy- 
nandria.] Of 
or pertaining -B MMl ^1 1 A 
to the class 
Gynandria. 
gynandro- 
morphism 
( ji - nan - dro - 
mdr'fizm), n. [< Gr. ywr/, female, + avr/p (avSp-), 
male, + pop^i], form, + -ism.'] In entom., a va- 
riation or monstrosity in which the peculiar 
characters of the male and female are found 
in the same individual. 
gynandromorpllOUS(ji-nan-dro-m6r'fus), a. [< 
Gr. yi'vavSpos, of doubtful sex (see gynander), 
+ popipf/, form.] In entom., having both male 
and female characters : applied to certain rare 
individuals among insects which by their forms 
and markings are apparently female in one 
part of the body and male in another. 
Mr. Curtis has figured a singular gimandromorphous 
Individual of Tenthredo cingulata, in which the opposite 
sides are not symmetrical, the right half being feminine 
and the left masculine. Westwood. 
gynandrophpre (ji-nan'dro-for), . [< Gr. ywii, 
female (pistil), + avf/p (aiJSp-), male (stamen), 
+ -</>opof, < Qtpeiv = E. bear 1 .] A gynophore 
which bears the stamens as well as the pistil, 
as in some Capparidacea. See cut under gyno- 
phore. 
The "gynophore" or the "gynandrophore." 
Encyc. Brit., XVIII. 342. 
gynandrosporous (jin-an-dros'po-rus), a. [< 
Gr. yi-vavdpof, of doubtful sex (see gynander), 
+ o-TTopo?, a seed.] In the (Edogoniece, among 
algse, provided with male individuals which at- 
tach themselves to or near the oogonium. The 
male plant originates as a special zoospore called an an- 
drospore, and, attaching itself, produces by growth a 
plant of three or four cells, called a dwarf male. The 
upper cell of the latter produces antherozoids which fer- 
tilize the oosphere. 
gynandrous (jin-an'drus), a. [< Gr. yiivavdpof, 
of doubtful sex : see gynander, Gynandria.] In 
hot., having the stamens adnate to and appa- 
rently borne upon the pistil, as in Asclepias, 
Aristolochia, and all orchids. 
A, section of flower of Bletia ; B. stparated 
column of same, composed of the united style 
and filaments, bearing the stigma (s) and an- 
thers (an). 
2667 
gynantherOUS (ji-nan'the-rus), a. [< Gr. yvvii, 
female (pistil), + av8r/p6f, flowery (anther).] In 
hot., having stamens converted into pistils. 
gynarchy (jin'jir-ki), n. ; pi. gynarchivs (-kiz). 
[< Gr. yvvf/, a woman, + ap%eiv, rule.] Govern- 
ment by a woman or by women; the rule of 
women. Formerly also written gunarchy. 
I have always some hopes of change under a gynarchy. 
Chesterfield. 
gynecian, gynsecian (ji-ne'shian), a. [< Gr. 
ywri (ywaiK-), a woman, + -ian.] Relating to 
women. 
gynecic, gynaecic (ji-ne'sik), a. [< Gr. ywai- 
KiKdf, of woman, < ywr/ (ywaiK-), woman.] In 
med. and surg., pertaining to diseases peculiar 
to women. 
gynecocracy, gynaecocracy (jin-e-kok'ra-si), 
n. [Also gynocracy, and sometimes improp. 
gyneocracy, gyiueocracy, < Gr. ywaiKonparia, gov- 
ernment by women (of. ywainoKparuaBai, be 
ruled by women), < ywr/ (ywaiK-), a woman, + 
upon;, power, Kpareiv, rule.] Government by 
a woman or by women ; female power or rule. 
gynecological, gynaecological (ji-ne-ko-loj'i- 
kal), a. [< gynecology, gyncecology, + -ic-al.] 
Of or pertaining to gynecology. 
gynecologist, gynaecologist (jin-e-kol'o-jist), 
n. [< gynecology, gyn&cology, + -ist.] One versed 
in, or engaged in the study and practice of, 
gynecology. 
gynecology, gynaecology (jin-e-kol'o-ji), . 
[< Gr. ywr/ (ywaiK-), a woman, + -Aoy/a, < 
Mytiv, speak : see -ology.] In med. and surg., 
the science of the diseases peculiar to women. 
gjrnecomasty, gynaecomasty (ji-ne'ko-mas- 
ti), n. [< Gr. ywr/ (ywaiK-), a woman, + [ta- 
oTcif, breast.] In physiol., the condition of a 
man having breasts as large as those of a 
woman, and functionally active. 
The mammtc of men will, under special excitation, yield 
milk ; there are various cases of gyn&comasty on record, 
and in famines infants whose mothers have died have 
been thus saved. H. Spencer, Study of Sociol., p. 441. 
gyneconitis, gynaeconitis (ji-ne-ko-m'tis), n. 
[< Gr. yvvaiKimlTif, equiv. to ywamelov, gynre- 
ceum: see gynceceum."] 1. Same as gynceceum, 1. 
I often saw parties of women mount the stairs to the 
Qynaxonitii. R. F. Burton, El-Medinah, p. 190. 
2. In the early ch. and in the Gr. Ch., the part 
of the church occupied by women. Formerly the 
women of the congregation occupied either the northern 
Bide of the church or galleries at the sides and over the 
narthex. In Greek churches they take their places in the 
narthex or at the sides of the church. 
The women's gallery, or gynceconitis, formed an impor- 
tant part of the earlier Byzantine churches. 
J. M. Scale, Eastern Church, i. 206. 
gynecophore, gynaecophore (ji-ne'ko-for). n. 
[< Gr. ywr/ (ywaiK-), female, + -<t>6po(, < tyepeiv 
= E. Sear 1 .] A receptacle in the body of the 
male of some animals, as the dioecious trema- 
todes, in which the female is contained ; the 
gynecophoric canal, or canalis gynascophorus. 
The formidable Bilharzia, the male of which is the 
larger and retains the female in a gyncecophore. 
Huxley, Anat. Invert., p. 178. 
gynecophoric, gynaecophoric (ji-ne-ko-for'ik), 
a. [As gynecophore, gynoecopliore, + -ic.] In 
zool., pertaining to or of the nature of a gy- 
necophore: applied to the canal of the male in 
certain Entozoa, as Bilharzia, in which the fe- 
male lodges during copulation. 
gynecophorous, gynaecophorous (jin-e-kof'o- 
rus), a. [As gyneeopiiore, gynaicophore, + -ous.] 
Bearing the female; containing the female: as, 
a gynecophorous worm ; a gynecophorous canal. 
See gynecophore. 
gynecratic, gynsecratic (jin-f-krat'ik), a. [< 
Gr. ywr/, a woman, -I- -Kpa-rwof, as in aristocrat- 
ic, etc.] Of or pertaining to government by 
women. 
The gyncecratic habits of the race are manifested in the 
names of all these kings, which were formed by a com- 
bination of those of their parents, the mother's generally 
preceding that of the father. Encyc. Brit., XXIII. 345. 
gyneocracy, gynaeocracy (jin-e-ok'ra-si), n. 
Same as gynecoeracy. 
The Mother-right and gyneocracy among the Iroquois 
here plainly indicated is not overdrawn. 
L. H. Morgan, Amer. Ethnol., p. 66. 
gyneolatry, gynaeolatry (jin-f-ol'a-tri), n. 
[Prop. *gynoscolatry,(. Gr. ywfj (ywaiK-), woman, 
+ farpeia, worship.] Extravagant devotion to 
or worship of woman. 
We find in the Commedia the image of the Middle Ages, 
and the sentimental gyninlatry of chivalry, which was 
at best but skin-deep, is lifted in Beatrice to an ideal 
and universal plane. 
Lowell, Among my Books, 2d ser., p. 36. 
gyp 
Gynerium (ji-ne'ri-um), . [NL. (so called 
from the woolly stigmas), (. Gr. ywr/, female 
(pistil), + epiov, wool.] A small genus of tall 
perennial reedy grasses, of tropical and sub- 
tropical America, with very long leaves and 
large, dense, plume-like panicles. G. argente- 
um, the pampas-grass, is highly ornamental and 
frequently cultivated. 
gynethusia (jin-e-thu'si-a), . [Prop. *gynce- 
cothysia, < Gr. ywr/ (ywaiK-), woman, + tivcia, 
an offering, sacrifice, < Oieiv, 
sacrifice.] The sacrifice of 
women. 
A kind of Suttee gynethusia, as 
it has been termed. 
Archceologia, XLII. 188. 
gyngevret, An obsolete 
variant of ginger^-. Bom. of 
the Rose. 
gyno-. [A shortened form of 
gynaico-, gyneco-, combining 
forms of Gr. ywf/ (ywaiK-), a 
woman, female : see gynce- 
ceum.] An element in mod- 
ern botanical terms, mean- 
ing 'pistil' or 'ovary.' 
gynobase (jin'o-bas), n. [< 
Gr. ywf/, a female, + fiaaif, 
base.] In bot., a short coni- 
cal or flat elevation of the 
receptacle of a flower, bearing the gynoecium. 
gynobasic (jin-o-ba'sik), a. [< gynobase + -ic.] 
In hot., pertaining to or having a gynobase. 
Gynobasic style, a style that originates from near the 
base of the pistil. 
gynocracy (ji-nok'ra-si), n. Same as gynecoc- 
racy. 
Gynobase. 
showing gynobase (a] 
bearing the carpels and 
style. 
The aforesaid state has repeatedly changed from abso- 
epublicanism, not forgetting the inter- 
mediate'stages of oligarchy, limited monarchy, and even 
lute despotism to republica 
gynocracy ; for I myself remember Alsatia governed for 
nearly nine months by an old nsh-woman. 
Scott, Fortunes of Nigel, xvii. 
gynodicecious (jin"6-di-e'shius), a. [< Gr. ywr/, 
female (pistil), + dioecious, q. v.] In bot., hav- 
ing perfect and female flowers upon separate 
plants. See dioecious, 2. Darwin. 
gynoecium (ji-ne'si-um), n.; pi. gytmcia (-a). 
[NL., orig. an erroneous form of gynitceum, 
but now regarded as Gr. ywr/, female (pistil), + 
okof, house.] The pistil or collective pistils of 
a flower; the female portion of a flower as a 
whole : correlative to androecium. Also gynte- 
cium, gynceceum. 
gynomonoacious (jm"6-mo-ne'shius), a. [< Gr. 
ywij, female (pistil), + monoecious, 
q. v.] In bot., having both female 
and perfect flowers upon the same 
plant. Darwin. 
gynophagite (ji-nof'a-jlt), n. [< 
Gr. ywr/, a woman, + Qayeiv, eat.] 
A woman-eater. Davies. [Rare.] 
He preys upon the weaker sex, and is a 
Gynophagite. Bulwer, My Novel, iii. 22. 
gynophore (jin'o-for), . [< Gr. ywii, 
female, + -^>6pof, < tyepeiv = E. bear 1 . 
Cf. gynecophore.'] 1. In bot., an 
elongation or internode of the re- 
ceptacle of a flower, bearing the 
gynoecium, as the stipe of a pod in 
some Cruciferce and Capparidacea;. 
2. In Eydrozoa, the branch of a 
gonoblastidium which bears female 
gonophores, or those reproductive 
receptacles or generative buds which contain 
ova only, as distinguished from male gono- 
phores or androphores. See cut under gono- 
btostidium. 
gynophoric (jin-o-for'ik), a. [< gynophore + 
-ic.] Pertaining to or of the nature of a gyn- 
ophore. 
gynoplastic (jin-o-plas'tik), a. [< Gr. ywt/, fe- 
male, + irUaaeiv, form, mold.] In surg., not- 
ing an operation for opening or dilating the 
closed or contracted genital openings of the 
female. 
gynostegium (jin-o-ste'ji-um), n. ; pi. gynoste- 
gia (-a). [NL., < Gr. ywr/, female (pistil), + 
artyr/, a roof.] In bot., a sheath or covering of 
the gynoeeium, of whatever nature. Gray. 
gynostemium (jiu-o-ste'mi-um), n. ; pi. gyno- 
stemia (-a). [NL., < Gr. ywr/, female (pistil), + 
arf/fiov, stamen.] The column of an orchid, con- 
sisting of the united style and stamens. 
gyp (Jip)> " [I n tne n rg t sense said to be a 
sportive application of Gr. yi-iji, a vulture, with 
ref. to their supposed dishonest rapacity; but 
prob. in this, as in the second sense, an abbr. 
