gyp 
f f/yi 1 *!/! 
lous fellow.] 
, as applied to a sly, unscrupu- 
1. A male servant who attends 
to college rooms. Also yip. [Cant, Cambridge 
University, England; corresponding to xrout as 
used at Oxford.] 
The Freshman, when once safe through his examination, 
is first inducted into his rooms by a yyp, usually recom- 
mended to him by his tutor. 
C. A. Bristtd, English University, p. 29. 
2. A swindler, especially a swindling horse- 
dealer; a cheat. I'liilailrlpliia Times, May 27, 
1880. [Slang.] 
gyp (jip), v. t. [< yyji, M.] To swindle; cheat. 
Philadelphia Times, May 31, 1880. [Slang.] 
Gypaetidas (jip-a-et'i-de), n. pi. [NL., < Gy- 
paetus + -ida:"] The bearded vultures as a 
family of raptorial birds. G. R. Gray, 1842. 
Gypa&tus, Gypaetos (ji-pa'e-tus, -tos), n. 
[NL. (Starr, 1784), < Gr. jwrderof (as if < yvTJt, a 
vulture, + derof, an eagle), another reading, 
appar. erroneous, of vTrderoc, (Aristotle), a kind 
ot vulture, perhaps the lammergeier, < i'n6, be- 
low (that is, less than or inferior to), + drrof, 
an eagle.] A genus of highly raptorial old- 
world vultures, containing the bearded vulture, 
2668 
falcon.] A genus of old-world vultures, the 
eagle-vultures, such as the Angola vulture, G. 
angolensits, of western Africa, mostly white with 
black wings and tail and flesh-colored feet and 
head : sometimes made the type of a subfamily 
Hypohiertiritia: Iliipprll. 1835. Also called /ta- 
Bearded Vulture, or Griffin (<.<jrfa?tus barbatHS}. 
gypont, gyppunt, . Same 
gyp-room (jip'rom), . The room in a college 
suite in which are kept the utensils for the 
serving of meals. [Cant.] 
Others of these studies, when not effaced by modern 
alterations, have become yyp-rooins, for the use of the 
college servants, or box-rooms. 
Quarterly Ren., CXLV. 436. 
Gyps (jips), . [NL. (J. C. Savigny, 1809), 
< Gr. yi>V', a vulture.] The largest genus of 
old-world vultures, containing the several spe- 
cies known as griffins or griffin- vultures, having 
the nostrils oval and perpendicular, and the 
rectrices 14. They range over most of Africa, all the 
countries bordering the Mediterranean, and eastward to 
Persia, India, and the Malay peninsula. The common 
griffin is G. filial* of Europe and Africa ; 0. rueppelli and 
G. btiltti are both African ; G. hitiialayensis and G. indicus 
are named from the regions they respectively inhabit ; 
and several other species or varieties have been described. 
3t (jips), n. [ME. gipse, < OF. gipse, gypse, 
j. gypsum, gypsum: see gyjisnm.^ Same as 
gypsum. 
The soil of Cyprus is for the most part rocky ; there are 
in it many entire hills of talc or gypse, some running in 
plates, and another sort in shoots, like crystal. 
Pococke, Description of the East, II. I. 229. 
gypset (jips), r. t. [ME. gipsen; < gypse, .] 
To cover with gypsum ; plaster. 
In pottes trie 
Now gipse it fast. 
J'alladiut, Husbondrie (E. E. T. S.X p. 206. 
gypseous ( jip'se-us), a. [< L. gypseus, of gypsum, 
< gypsum, gypsum: see gypsum.] 1. Of the 
nature of gypsum; partaking of the qualities 
of gypsum ; resembling gypsum. 
The provinces also endeavored, in 1842, to produce arti- 
ficial Marbles. M. Mondon, of Vienna, claimed to have 
found a material suitable for this purpose in the depart- 
ment of Charente. He calls it gypseous alabaster a soft 
substance which must first be hardened. 
Marble -Worker, i 136. 
2. In bot., very dull grayish-white, 
gypseret, See yipser. 
gypsery, . See gipgery. 
Gypsey, . and a. See Gipsy. 
gypsiferous (jip-sif'e-rus), a. [< L. gypsum, 
gypsum, + ferre = E. bear 1 .] Producing gyp- 
rhamphtm, of the family Cathartidte, of which gy ps ify , t See fiivsify 
the king-vulture, G. papa, is the type and only { s i n e' (j'ip'sin), a. [< gypse, gypsum, + -il.] 
me as gypseous. 
gypsismet, w. See gipsism. 
griffin, or lammergeier, G. barbatus: sometimes 
made the type of a subfamily Gypae'tina; or of 
a family Gypaetidas. 
GypagUS (jip'a-gus), . [NL. (Vieillot, 1816), 
<Gyp(s) + (Harp)agits.] A genus of American 
vultures, sometimes separated from Sarco- 
representative. 
gypellt, n. [ME. : see gipon,jupo.'] Same as 
jujion. 
Hys fomen were well bonn 
To perce hys acketoun, 
Gypell, mayl, and plate. 
Lybecms Disconus (Ritson's Metr. Rom., II. 50). 
Gypogeranid* (jip"6-je-ran'i-de), n. pi. [NL., 
\ Gypogeranus -r -'.] A family of grallato- 
rial raptorial birds of Africa, named from the 
genus Gypogeranus. Also called Serpentariidas. 
ftelys de Longeliamps, 1842. 
Gypogeranu's (jip-o-jer'a-mis), n. [NL., < Gr. 
yinji, a vulture, T ykpavof. a crane.] A genus 
of grallatorial raptorial birds, containing the 
secretary-bird or serpent-eater of Africa, G. 
serpentartHS or reptilii'orus, and giving name to 
the family Gypogeranidai : same as Sagittarius, 
Vosmaer, 1769; Serpen tari us, Cuvier, 1797; Se- 
cretariits, Daudin, 1801 ; Opliiotlieres, Vieillot, 
1816. See Ser- 
pentaritis. 11- 
ligcr, 1811. 
Gypobieraci- 
[NL., < Gypo- 
hierax (-ac-) + 
-iit<E.] A sub- 
family of old- 
ow 
the genus Gy- 
pohierax is the 
type. G. B. 
Gray, 1844. 
Gypohierax 
(jip - o - hi ' e - 
raks),. [NL., 
irrr' 
a vulture, + 
'/jaf , a hawk, Angola Vulture (Cyfakifrax t 
gypsography (jip-sog'ra-fi), . [< Gr. >t'iK, 
chalk, gypsum, + yp6<peiv, write.] 1. The art 
or practice of engraving, as inscriptions, upon 
natural gypsum in some one of its forms, as 
alabaster. 2. The art or practice of engrav- 
ing on casts of plaster of Paris. [Rare in both 
senses.] 
gypsologist, gypsology. See gipnologist, gip- 
soliiijy. 
Gypsbphila (jip-sof'i-la), . [NL., < Gr. ytyf, 
chalk, gypsum, + 0(7.of, loving.] A genus of 
Caryophyllacece, allied to the pinks (Dianthus), 
of about 50 species, chiefly of the Mediterranean 
region. They are slender, graceful herbs, with numer- 
ous very small panicled flowers. G. paniculata and 0, elf- 
gans are often cultivated for ornament. 
gypsous (jip'sus), a. Containing or resembling 
lime or plaster. 
Others looked for it [the cause of sweating sickness] from 
the earth, as arising from an exhalation in moist weather 
out of gipsous or plaisterly ground. 
Fuller, Cambridge University, vii. 36. 
. [Formerly also gypse, 
. .... gypse, F. gypse = Sp. gipso = 
Pg. gypso = It. gesso, plaster, < L. gypsum, neut., 
(. Gr. yi'i^of, fern., chalk, gypsum ; prob. of East- 
ern origin: cf. Pers. j'a&sifi, lime, AT. jibs, jibsin, 
plaster, gypsum.] Native hydrous sulphate of 
calcium, a mineral usually of a white color, but 
also gray, yellow, red, and when impure brown 
or black. It is soft and easily scratched; the crystalline 
varieties, called eelenite, are generally perfectly transpa- 
rent. and cleave readily, yielding thin flexible folia. The 
crystals are frequently twinned, and often have an arrow- 
head form. The massive varieties are fibrous (satin-spar), 
foliated, lamellar-stellate, granular to impalpable. The 
fine-grained pure white or delicately colored variety is 
called alabaster, and is used for ornamental purposes ; the 
impure earthy kind, when reduced to the anhydrous form 
by heat, is called plaster of Paris, and is used extensively 
for making molds, etc. (See plaster.) Gypsum ground to 
a powder is used as a fertilizer. 
gypsum (jip'sum), 
gipse; < OF. gipse, i 
gyre 
The Ethiopian warriors were painted Imlf witli tn/i^tnn 
and half with minium. 
C. O. Mutter, .Manual of Archieol. (trans.), $ 231. 
Gypsy, gypsydom, etc. See Gipsy, etc. 
Gyptiant, H. See Gipscn. 
gyra(ji'ra),)i. ; pLp)jr0(-ri). [ML.,fem.,<L. 
i/yns, in., a circle : sec i/i/re.] In medieval and 
ecclesiastical costume, a hem or border richly 
decorated with embroidery or applied ornament 
of any kind. 
gyral (ji'ral), . [<gyre + -?.] 1. Whirling; 
moving in a circle; rotating. 2. In mini., 
pertaining to a gyrus or to the gyri of the 
brain. 
gyrant (ji'rant), a. [< L. gyran(t-)s, ppr. of gy- 
rare, turn round: see yyratt.] Turning round 
a central point; gyrating. Formerly also gi- 
rant. 
gyrate (ji'rat), v. i. ; pret. and pp. gyrated, ppr. 
gyrating. [< L. gyratus, pp. of gyrare, tr. and 
intr., turn round, whirl, < gynns, a circle: see 
gyre, .] To turn round; wheel; rotate; whirl; 
move round a fixed point. See gyration. For- 
merly also girate. 
Waters of vexation filled her eyes, and they had the ef- 
fect of making the famous Mr. Merdle . . . appear to leap 
. . . and gyrate, as if he were possessed by several Devils. 
Dickens, Little Dorrit, U. 24. 
They gyrated in couples, a few at a time, throwing their 
bodies into the most startling attitudes and the wildest 
contortions. O. W. Cable, The Orandissimes, p. 246. 
gyrate (ji'rat), a. [< L. gyratus, pp.: see the 
verb.] 1. In bot., curved inward like a crozier; 
circinate. 2. In zool., having convolutions 
like the gyri of the brain; meandrine, as a 
coral. See cut under brain-coral. 
By this serial growth the corallum becomes "gyrate" 
or "meandrine"; and excellent examples may be found 
lu the genera Meandrina, Diploria, etc. 
Uncyc. Brit., VL 873. 
gyration (ji-ra'shon), . [< ML. gyratio(n-), < 
L. gyrare, gyrate': see gyrate.'] A wheeling; 
whirling; revolution; a wheeling motion, like 
that of the moon round the earth. Specifically 
(o) A revolution round a distant center combined with a 
synchronal rotation in the same direction round the gyrat- 
ing body's center. (6) A whirling motion, a rotary motion 
of a massive body, with the thought of its vis viva, (c) 
A motion like that of a gyroscope, a conical rotation of 
an axis of rotation, (d) Any motion of a body with one 
point fixed. 
If a burning coal be nimbly moved round in a circle 
with gyrations, continually repeated, the whole circle will 
appear like fire. Neiftm, Opticks. 
When the sun so enters a hole or window that by its 
illumination the atomes or moats become perceptible, if 
then by our breath the ayr be gently impelled, it may be 
perceived that they will circularly returne and in a gyra- 
tion unto their places again. 
Sir T. Browne, Vulg. Err., ii. 4. 
A French top, throwne from a cord which was wound 
al nit it, will stand as it were flxt on the floor [where] it 
lighted, and yet continue in its repeated gyrations. 
Glanmlle, Vanity of Dogmatizing, ix. 
He and Blanche, whilst executing their rapid gyrations, 
came bolt up against the heavy dragoon. 
Thackeray, Pendennis, xxvi. 
Center of gyration, a point in a revolving body such 
that, if all the matter of the body could be collected at 
that point, the body would continue to retolve with the 
same energy as when its parts were in their original 
places. Ellipsoid of gyration. See ellipsoid. Radi- 
us of gyration, the distance of the center of gyration 
from the axis of rotation. 
gyrational (jl-ra'shon-al), a. [< gyration + 
-a/.] Of, pertaining to, or characterized by 
gyration: as, the gyrational movements of the 
planets. R. A. Proctor. 
gyratory (ji'ra-to-ri), a. [= P. giratoire, gyra- 
toire; as gyrate T -ory.~\ Moving in a circle or 
spirally; gyrating. 
gyrdeH, See gir<fl. 
gyrde 2 t, v. See girff*. 
gyrdelt, See girdle^. 
gyre (jir), . [Formerly also gire (ME. ger, 
re, < OF. gere, gire); = Sp. giro = Pg. gyro = 
giro, < L. gyrus, a circle, a circuit, ring, < Gr. 
}'{>poc, a circle, ring; cf. yvpof, a., round.] 1. A 
circle or ring ; a revolution of a moving body ; 
a circular or spiral turn. 
.She, rushing through the thickest preasse, 
Perforce disparted their compacted gyre. 
Spenser, Y. Q., III. i. 23. 
Dispersed the armed gire 
\\ ith which I was environed. 
Haseint/er, Picture, ii. 2. 
Morn by morn the lark 
Shot up and ahrill'd in flickering gyres. 
Tennyson, Princess, vii. 
2. In anat., a gyrus: as, a cerebral gyri: 
gyret (jir), v. [< ME. giren, < L. gyrare, turn, 
< gyrus, a circle: see gyre, n., and gyr<it<:~\ I. 
Intrant. To turn; gyrate; revolve. 
