haggadistic 
Manifestly he [Mohammed] had relations with Jews at 
this period, and was under their influence; and from 
them, of course, it was that the material of his Old Testa- 
ment and Haggadiztie narratives was derived. 
Eiicyc. Brit., XVL 550. 
haggadoth, n. Plural of haggada. 
haggard 1 (hag'ard), a. and n. [Formerly also 
haggart, hagard; < OF. hagard, wild, strange, 
froward, contrary, cross, unsociable (faulcon 
hagard, a wild falcon), lit. 'of the wood,' with 
suffix -ard, < MHG. hag, G. hag, a hedge, also 
a coppice, a wood (= AS. haga, E. haw!), + 
F. suffix.] I. a. 1. Wild; intractable: said of 
a hawk or falcon. 
For haggard hawkes mislike an emptie hand. 
Gascoigne, Memoires. 
As hagard hatike, presuming to contend 
With hardy fowle above his hable might. 
Spenser, f. Q., I. ri. 19. 
A cast of haggard falcons, by me mann'd, 
Eyeing the prey at first, appear as if 
They did turn tall. Massinger, Guardian, L 1. 
Hence 2f. Untamed; lawless; wanton; prof- 
ligate. 
If I do prove her haggard, 
Though that her Jesses were my dear heart-strings, 
I d whistle her off, and let her down the wind 
To prey at fortune. Shak., Othello, ill. 3. 
Thus I teach my haggard and unreclaimed reason to 
stoop to the lure of faith. Sir T. Browne, Religio Medici. 
II. n. I. A hawk; specifically, in falconry, 
a wild hawk caught when in its adult plumage. 
I know, her spirits are as coy and wild 
As haggards of the rock. Shah., Much Ado, iii. 1. 
What are we to expect but to prove haggards and settle 
upon carrion, even while we aim our flight at public jus- 
Goldsmith, Phanor. 
2f. [By confusion with hag*, hugged.] A hag ; 
an ugly old woman ; also, a wanton. 
Is this your perch, you haggard! fly to the stews. 
Webster, White DeviL 
Beneath the gloomy covert of an yew. 
In a dark grot, the baleful haggard lay, 
Breathing black vengeance, and infecting day. 
Qarth. 
haggard 2 (hag'ard), a. [A corruption of hag- 
ged, q. v., by confusion with the formerly more 
common word haggard!, q. v.] 1. Wild-look- 
ing, as from prolonged suffering, terror, or 
want ; careworn ; gaunt ; wildly staring. 
Those . . . whose haggard eyes 
Flash desperation. Camper, Task, i. 501. 
2. Desperately wild; reckless: with reference 
to an act. [Rare.] 
Our success takes from all what it gives to one. Tis a 
haggard, malignant, careworn running for luck. 
Emerson, Success. 
=Syn.l. Grim. Grisly, etc. (see ghastly); lean, worn, 
wasted (especially in countenance). 
haggard 3 (hag'ard), n. [Sc. also haggart; prob. 
of Scand. origin, as if < 7i</ 2 = hay? = yard? = 
haw! + gard!, garth,!.'] A stack-yard. [Eng.] 
When the barn was full, any one might thrash in the 
haggard. Hou-ell, Letters, ii. 24. 
A hurricane . . . which strips our roofs, and smashes 
our windows, and sweeps away our haggards, becomes, 
in the light of this theory, a beneficent influence. 
Cairnes, Pol. Econ., II. iv. 3. 
haggardly (hag'iird-li), adv. In a haggard or 
careworn manner. 
2680 
2. A sheep's head and pluck minced 
in both senses.] 
haggish (hag'ish), a. [< hag* + -is/il.] Per- 
taining to or resembling a hag; old and repul- 
sive. 
On us both did haggish age steal on. 
And wore us out of act. Shale., All's Well, i. -2. 
haggishly (hag'ish-li), adv. In a haggish man- 
ner. 
haggistert, n. See hagister. 
haggle 1 (hag'l), -. ; pret. and pp. haggled, ppr. 
haggling. [Var. of hackle*-, freq. of hack!, as 
hagS for McW: see hackle'-, hack*, hag*.'] I. 
trans. 1. To hack roughly; cut or chop in an 
unskilful manner; mangle in cutting. 
Suffolk first died : and York, all haggled over, 
Comes to him, where in gore he lay insteep'd. 
Shak., Hen. V., Iv. 6. 
They not onely slew him and his family, but butcher- 
like haggled their bodies. 
Quoted in Capt. John Smith's Works, II. 68. 
They abused him to his face, and with their knives would 
cut and haggle his gown. Wood, Fasti, I. 
2. To tease ; worry. [Prov. Eng.] 
H. in trans. To bargain in a petty and tedious 
manner; higgle; stick at small matters ; cavil. 
They never make two words upon the Price, all they 
hagle about is the Day of Payment. 
Vanbrugh, Confederacy, i. 
He has hundreds of tubs full of dollars in his vaults 
and haggles with me about a poor thousand louis. 
Macaulay, Frederic the Great. 
It is not for men of rank like us to haggle and chaffer 
about rewards. Be Quincey, Essenes, ii. 
haggle 1 (hag'l), . l< haggle*-, v.] A haggling 
or chaffering. Fallows. 
haggle 2 (hag'l), r. i. ; pret. and pp. haggled, ppr. 
haggling. [< ME. Jiageten, etc., hail: see hail!, 
t).] To hail. Bailey, 1731. [Prov. Eng.] 
haggler (hag'ler), n. [Formerly also hagler; < 
haggle^ + -cr 1 .] 1. One who haggles or chaf- 
fers ; one who cavils and makes difficulty. 
hag-ridden 
[Scotch hagiolatry (ha-ji-ol'a-tri), n. [< Gr. <5y,of. sa- 
cred, LGr. a saint, + ^arptla, worship.] The 
worship of saints. In the Roman Catholic Church 
t is distinguished from the latria, or supreme worship 
due to God alone. See dulia. 
As to the actual state of hagiolatry in modem Europe 
t is obvious on a broad view that it is declining among 
the educated classes. E. B. Tylor, Prim. Culture, II. Hi 
hagiologic (ha/'ji-o-loj'ik), a. [< hagiology + 
4B.] Of or pertaining to hagiology; contained 
in hagiologies. 
Reginald, one of the most credulous of hagiologic writ- 
Jioclt, Church of our Fathers, 111. i. 239, note. 
A collection of hagiologic material such as was read in 
monastic oratories on saints' days. 
Amer. Jour. Philol., VII. 218. 
hagiological (ha"ji-o-loj'i-kal), a. Same as ha- 
giologic. 
hagiologist (ha-ji-ol'o-jist), n. [< hagiology + 
Ml.] One who writes or treats of the lives of 
the saints. 
If we read the accounts of the hagiologists, all is done 
by Dunstan, and we see nothing of Eadgar. 
J. R. Green, Conq. of Eng., p. 306. 
hagiology (ha-ji-ol'o-ji), n. [< Gr. ayiaf, sacred, 
LGr. a saint, + -Aoym, < /.f-yeiv, speak: see 
-ology.] 1. That branch of literature which 
treats of the lives and legends of the saints; 
the list and legends of the saints, and, by ex- 
tension, of popular heroes. 
To write a hagiology of the Eastern Church would be a 
stupendous undertaking. 
J. M. Keale, Eastern Church, i. 759. 
All this huckstering and haggling, upon what the hag- 
glers and hucksterers themselves know is certain to be 
done, . . . must . . . tend to diminish confidence in the 
governing classes, if not to induce new misgivings as to 
their good faith. Gladitone, Gleanings, 1. 1S2. 
2f. In London, a middleman in the vegetable- 
markets ; a huckster or f orestaller of green pro- 
duce. 
Dorsers are peds, or panniers, carried on the backs of 
horses, on which haglers use to ride and carry their com- 
modities. Fuller, Worthies, Dorsetshire. 
3. A bungler. [Prov. Eng.] 
i hs 
How haggardly so e're she looks at home. 
Dryden, tr. of Juvenal's Satires, vi. 
haggardness (hag'ard-nes), n. The quality or 
state of being haggard, careworn, or gaunt. 
haggart 1 ! (hag'art), a. and n. Same as hag- 
gard!. 
h'aggart 2 (hag'art), n. See haggard*. 
hagged (hag'ed), a. [< hag! + -ed?, lit. 'made 
to look like a hag' ; or pp. of hag!, v., bewitch, 
torment, harass.] Lean ; gaunt ; haggard. [Ar- 
chaic and rare.] 
A hogged carrion of a wolf and a jolly sort of dog with 
good flesh upon's back fell into company. 
Sir Jl. L' Estrange, Fables. 
The ghostly prudes with hogged face. 
Gray, A Long Story. 
Bleakly the blinding snow beats in thy hagged face. 
Southey. 
haggis, haggess (hag'is, -es), n. [Also written 
haggles; < ME. hagges, haggas, hagas, hageys, 
also hakkys, hakeys, an altered form (revert- 
ing to E. hack^ or hag*, cut, chop) of OF. ha- 
chis, F. hachis, minced meat, >E. hash, which is 
thus a doublet of haggis: see hash!, .] 1. A 
dish made of a sheep's heart, lungs, and liver, 
minced with suet, onions, oatmeal, salt, and 
pepper, and boiled in a bag, usually the stom- 
ach of a sheep. 
Auld Scotland wants nae skinking ware 
That Jaups [splashes] in luggies [bowls] ; 
But, if ye wish her gratef u' pray'r, 
Gie her a haggis .' Burns, To a Haggis. 
hag-gull (hag'gul), n. The hagden. 
hagiarchy (ha'ji-ar-ki), n. [< Gr. oj iof, sacred, 
holy, devoted to the gods (cf. Skt. ^yaj, make 
offering or sacrifice), + ap x civ, rule.] A sacred 
or sacerdotal government; government by the 
priests or clergy. Southey. 
hagiocracy (ha-ji-ok'ra-si), n. [< Gr. d-yiof, 
sacred, + -Kparia, < Kparelv, govern.] Govern- 
ment by priests; sacerdotal dominion or su- 
premacy ; a hierarchy. 
hagiograph (ha'ji-o-graf), n. [< LL. Hagio- 
grapha, pi. : see Hagingrapha.] A holy writing. 
Hagiographa (ha-ji-og'ra-fa), n. pi. [LL., < 
Gr. ifttvpata, neut. pi., <" dytof, sacred, + ypd- 
</>etv, write.] The Greek name of the last (He- 
brew Ketubim or writings) of the three Jewish 
divisions of the Old Testament, differently reck- 
oned, but usually comprising the Psalms, Pro- 
verbs, Job, Daniel, Ezra, Nehemiah, Euth, Es- 
ther, Chronicles, Canticles, Lamentations, and 
Ecclesiastes. 
The Psalter, to say nothing of other portions of the Ha- 
giographa. J. U. Nemnan, Gram, of Assent, p. 114. 
hagiographal (ha-ji-og'ra-fal), a. [< Hagiogra- 
pha + -?.] Pertaining to or denoting the Ha- 
giographa. 
ha 
rapher (ha-ji-og'ra-fer), n. [< hagiogra- 
c ..;, .- -er 1 .] One of the writers of the Hagi- 
ographa ; a writer of sacred books; a writer of 
lives of the saints. 
Popular tradition handed down a very different impres- 
sipn of Eadgar from that given by the monastic hagwgra- 
J*" J. ft. Green, Conq. of Eng., p. 307. 
hagiographic (ha'ji-o-graf'ik), a. [< hagiog- 
raphy + -ic.~\ Pertaining to hagiography; re- 
lating to the Hagiographa, or to sacred writings. 
So far as the Hagiographa is concerned, this celebrated 
code is not lost ; and almost the whole of its Hatfiographie 
readings would be available for the settlement of dis- 
puted points in the Massoretic text. 
The Academy, Nov. 17, 1888, p. 321. 
hagiography (ha-ji-og'ra-fi), n. [< Gr. dyiot, 
sacred, LGr. a saint, + -ypafyla, < -ypdfeiv, write : 
see Hagiography.] Sacred writing or litera- 
ture ; sacred writings collectively ; a collection 
of lives of the saints. 
The seventh century, which, together with the eighth, 
forms the darkest period of the dark ages, is famous in 
the hagwlogy, as having produced more saints than any 
other century, except that of the martyrs. 
Lecty, Europ. Morals, II. 253. 
In the hagiology of each nation, the law-giver was in 
each case some man of eloquent tongue, whose sympathy 
brought him face to face with the extremes of society. 
Emerstm, Clubs. 
2. A history or description of the sacred writ- 
ings. 
hagioscope (ha'ji-o-skop), n. [< Gr. ay/of, sa- 
cred, + anoKelv, view.] In medieval arch., an 
opening in a wall, screen, or barrier of a church, 
to afford a view of the chief altar to worshipers 
in the chapels or side aisles; a squint. See 
squint. 
Through the reredos into a little sacristy, from which 
the prior or his deputy could see through three hagio- 
scopes into the chapel. 
Abbeys and Churches (ed. BonneyX p. 262. 
hagioscopic (ha"ji-o-skop'ik), a. [< hagioscope 
+ -ic.] Of or pertaining to a hagioscope or 
squint ; resembling or serving the purpose of a 
hagioscope : as, a hagioscopic opening, 
hagiosemantron (ha''ji-o-se-man'tron), n. [< 
Gr. aytos, sacred, + cr//idvrp'ov, a signal, a bell : 
see semantron.'} See semantron. 
hagiosideron (ha'ji-o-si-de'ron), n.; pi. hagio- 
sidcra (-ra). [< Gr. ayux;, sacred, + mdr/pov,al6t/. 
pof, iron.] In the Gr. Ch., an iron semantron; 
a large curved bar of iron struck instead of a 
bell to summon worshipers to church. In Moham- 
medan countries bells are not allowed except in certain 
places by special favor; semantra of wood or iron are 
used instead. Also written, improperly, haghiosideron. 
The iron semantra, called also haghiosidera, . . . are 
usually iron half-hoops, which yield a sound not unlike 
that of a gong. They are occasionally found of brass. 
J. M. A'eale, Eastern Church, i. 217. 
hagistert, haggistert (hag'is-ter), n. [E. dial, 
also hagester; appar.< hag! + -ster.] The mag- 
pie, Pica rustica. Montagu. 
The eating of a haggister or pie helpeth one bewitched. 
K. Scot, Discovery of Witchcraft, p. 82. 
Words which, in northern and midland English at least, 
have long been obsolete, such as ... hagister, a magpie. 
The Academy, Oct. 6> 1888, p. 215. 
haglert, n. An obsolete form of haggler. 
haglet, n. See hacklet. 
hag-moth (hag'mdth), n. A bombycid moth, 
Phobetron pithecium, 
whose larva has curious 
hirsute appendages like 
locks of disheveled hair. 
These are fleshy hooks cov- 
ered with feathery brown 
hairs, among which are long- 
er black stinging hairs. This 
larva feeds on a great variety 
of trees and plants, and trans- 
forms to a pupa within a 
tough spherical cocoon, to 
which the molted fleshy ap- 
pendages are attached. The 
moth is purplish-brown grained with ocherous, with sable 
hind wings and abdomen. 
hag-ridden (hag ' rid 'n), a. 1. Bidden by 
hags or witches, as a horse. 2. Afflicted with 
nightmare. Cheyne. 3. Entangled; involved. 
[Prov. Eng.] 
Larva of Hag-moth (Photxtrcm 
pithcciHrn), natural size. 
