hairtail 
silvery body, whence it is also called silcery 
linirtail. The species inhabit tropical and sub- 
tropical seas; that above named is most com- 
mon in the Atlantic. 
hair-trigger (har'trig"er), n. In a firearm, a 
secondary trigger controlling a safety locking 
device which secures the chief trigger, by which 
the piece is fired. The hair-trigger Is so adjusted as to 
be actuated by a very light pressure, and sets free a spring 
mechanism called the hair, which strikes the tumbler- 
catch and throws the sear out of a notch in the tumbler. 
Ilair-triggers are now but very seldom made, and are 
considered very old-fashioned. 
W. W. Greener, The Gun, p. 244. 
hairtrigger-flower (har'trig-er-flou"er), . An 
Australian plant of the genus Stylidium, espe- 
cially & graminifolium, in which the column of 
stamens possesses a singular kind of irritabil- 
ity, causing it when touched to spring instant- 
ly from one side to the other of the corolla- 
tube. 
hair-work (har'werk), n. Work done or some- 
thing made with hair, specifically human hair. 
This material is or has been used for many kinds of work, 
generally intended for ornament, as fine netting (compare 
pvint-tresse), brooches, necklaces, watch guards, purses, 
flowers, etc. ; and it has also been worked into the form of 
pictures, usually small. 
hair-worker (har' \ver"ker), n. One who makes 
hair-work. 
hairworm (har'werm), n. A nematoid thread- 
worm of the genus Gordius or family Gordiidw 
in a broad sense : so called from its fineness. 
Also called hair-eel. See cut under Gordius. 
There were hair-worms fabled to spring from horse-hair, 
in black lines writhing on the surface. 
S. Judd, Margaret, 1. 4. 
hairy (har'i), a. [< 7jat>l+-y 1 .] 1. Overgrown 
with hair; covered or abounding with hair, in 
botany a plant Is said to be hairy when the hairs are sta- 
ple (not branched), and separately distinguishable. (See 
hairi, 4.) Specifically used in entomology to describe a 
surface densely covered with short and rather stiff hairs : 
distinguished from pilose, villose, pubescent, etc. 
Esau my brother is a hairy man. Gen. xxvii. 11. 
2. Consisting of hair or of something like hair ; 
having the character or appearance of hair: as, 
the hairy covering of an animal; the hairy fila- 
ments of a plant. 
Storms have shed 
From vines the hairy honours of their head. 
Dryden. 
3. Having or characterized by something re- 
sembling hair. 
When my sword, 
Advanced thus, to my enemies appear d 
A hairy comet, threatening death and ruin 
To such as durst behold it ! 
Jtassinger, Unnatural Combat, i. 1. 
Hairy oublt. See oubit. 
hairybait (har'i-bat), n. The lurg-worm or 
white-rag worm, Nephthys caeca. 
hairycrown (har'i-kroun), n. The red-breast- 
ed merganser, Mergus serrator. J. T. Sharpless, 
1833. [Chesapeake Bay, U. S.] 
hairyhead (har'i-hed), n. The hooded mer- 
ganser, Lophodytcs cucullatus. G. Trumbull, 
1888. [Southern U. S.] 
haitt, haytt, interj. [ME., < OF. halt, hayt, heit, 
etc., pleasure, joy, eagerness, ardor, as used in 
the phrase de halt, a hait, a grant hait, with 
eagerness or ardor, quickly.] A word of en- 
couragement or command to a draft-animal to 
urge him forward. 
Hait Brok, hayt Scot ; what spare ye for the stones? 
Chaucer, Friar's Tale, 1. 245. 
With a hait, with a ree, with a wo, with a gee ! 
Old harvest tony. 
haith (hath), interj. Faith ! by my faith I See 
faith, interj. [Scotch.] 
Haith, lad, ye little ken about it Burnt, The Twa Dogs. 
haiver, v. i. See haver 3 . 
haivers, n. pi. See havers^. 
hajilij (haj'i-lij), n. [African.] The bito-tree, 
Balanites JEgyptiaca, belonging to the natural 
order Simarubece, tribe Picramniece, and inhab- 
iting northern Africa and southern and west- 
ern Asia. The fruit is a fleshy edible drupe with a pen- 
tagonal stone that yields a valuable oil called zachun. In 
Africa there is a proverb that a bito-tree has the same 
value as a milch-cow. It is a thorny shrub or small tree 
of forbidding aspect, and inhabits dry barren places. 
haij, hajji. See hadj, hadji. 
hake 1 (hak), n. [_< ME. "hake (not found), < 
AS. haca, also hceca, lit. a hook, but found only 
in the sense of 'bolt' or 'bar' (in glosses), = 
D. haak, a hook, = OHG. hako (for *hache1), 
MHG. hake, haken, G. hake, haken, a hook, = 
Icel. haki = Sw. Norw. hake = Dan. hage, a hook 
(cf. deriv. Icel. haka = Sw. haka Dan. hage, 
the chin) ; connected with AS. hoc, E. hook, and 
2684 
the ult. source of hake'^, hake 3 , hatch 1 , etc. : see 
hook, hake 2 , etc.] 1. A hook; specifically, a 
pot-hook. 
On went the boilers, i ill the hake 
Had much ado to bear 'em. 
Bloomjield, The Horkey. 
2. A kind of weapon ; a pike. 
Fall to aray, pike and halfe hake, 
Play now the men, the time has come. 
T. B. (1665X quoted in Maitland's Reformation, p. 159. 
3. pi. The draft-irons of a plow. Grose. 
[Prov. Eng. in all uses.] 
hake 2 (hak),;/. [Alsohaak; <ME./iafce("fysche, 
squilla," Prompt. Parv.), a short form (perhaps 
due to Scand. influence ; cf. Norw. hake-fisk, a 
fish with a hooked under jaw, esp. of salmon 
and trout, lit. 'hook-fish'; Norw. hake, hook) of 
E. dial, haked : see haked."] 1 . A gadoid fish of 
the f sandy Merluciid&, Merlucius smiridus or vul- 
garis, related to and resembling a cod, found on 
the Atlantic coasts of Europe. It has a short tri- 
angular first dorsal fin, elongated sinuated second dorsal 
and anal fins, and complete ventrals. It is voracious in 
habits and little esteemed for the table. The name is ex- 
tended to other species of the genus, as M. bilinearu, the 
silver hake of New England, and J/. productus, the mer- 
luccio of i 'ul if iiniia. See Meriucius. 
2. A gadoid fish of the genus Phycis, common 
along the Atlantic coast of North America, as 
P. chuss, P. tennis, and P. regius, recognized 
by the reduction of the ventral fins to two or 
three filamentous rays. These correspond to the 
English P. blennioides, the hake's-dame or forkbeard. 
They are all known as codlings, and some are called squir- 
rel-hakes. 
They are generally known as hakes, the true hake (Mer- 
lucius) being called silver-hake or whiting. 
Stand. Xat. Hist., III. 278. 
3. A gadoid fish of New Zealand, Lotella rhaci- 
nus, which has flattened ventrals of 6 rays, and 
a short anterior and long graduated second dor- 
sal and anal fins Hake's-dame, the forkbeard. See 
def. 2, above. [Local, Eng. (Cornish).] Silver hake, 
the American hake,Merluciusbilinearis, corresponding to 
halberd 
plants established by Endlicher in 1836, belong- 
ing to the natural order Proteacea', tribe Grt- 
rilleca', and characterized by a 1- to 4-ovuled 
ovary and a 1- to 4-seeded fruit. It embraces 
the important genera Grecillea, Hakea, andfiou- 
pala, besides several less important ones. 
haked (ha'ked), n. [Also liakot, etc.; < ME. 
* haked (> ML. hakedus), < AS. Inn-mi, liaced, 
linciil (glossing L. lucivs, also mugil), a pike, = 
OS. hacud = MD. heket = OHG. 'hacliit, hechit, 
MHG. hechet, hecht, G. hecht, a pike; so named 
in allusion to the hooked under jaw, < AS. haca 
(orig. 'a hook,' but not found in this sense), a 
bolt or bar : see hake 1 ."] The pike, a fish. See 
/m/i-c'-i. [Prov. Eng.] 
hakeneyt, An obsolete 'form of hackney. 
Chaucer. 
hakernt, An obsolete variant of acorn. 
hakesdame (haks'dain), n. Same as hake's- 
dame (which see, under hake%). 
hake's-tooth (haks'toth), n. A tooth-shell of 
the family Dentaliida:. [Local, Eng.] 
haketOQt, A Middle English form of acton. 
And next his sherte an haketmin, 
And over that an habergeon 
For percinge of his herte. 
Chaucer, Sir Thopas, 1. 149. 
hakim (ha-kem'), n. [In def. 1, Ar. (and Pers.) 
hakim, a sage, wise man, doctor, particularly a 
physician ; in def. 2, Ar. hakim, a governor; cf . 
hokm, authority, hokiima, government ; all < Ar. 
Silver Hake, or New England Whitinu (Mtrlncius bilintarir). 
(From Report of U. S. Fish Commission, 1884.) 
the European M. smiridus. Also called whiting. New Eng- 
land whiting, and Old England hake. Sow or sow-belly 
bake, an old female hake. Squirrel-hake, one of two 
gadoid fishes of the genus Phycis, P. chuss and P. tenui*, 
found on the North Atlantic coast of North America. 
hake- (hak), v. i. ; pret. and pp. haked, ppr. hak- 
ing. [< hake 2 , .] To fish for hake; engage 
in the hake-fishery : as, a haking vessel, voyage, 
or crew. 
hake 3 (hak), n. [Also heck, hack, unassibilated 
(Scand. ) forms of hatch 1 , q. v.] 1 . A frame for 
holding cheeses. [Scotch.] 2. A rack for 
horses or cattle to feed at. [Scotch.] 3. A 
drying-shed in a tile-making establishment. 
hake 4 , haik 1 (hak), v. ; pret. and pp. haked, 
hoiked, ppr. haking, haiking. [Origin uncertain ; 
cf. D. haken, long, hanker.] I. intrans. To go 
about idly or draggingly; loiter about. [Prov. 
Eng. and Scotch.] 
Il.t trans. 1. To drag along idly. 2. To 
carry off by force ; kidnap. 
They'll haik ye up, and settle ye bye, 
Till on your wedding day. 
Katharine Jaiifarie (Child's Ballads, IV. 33). 
hake 4 , haik 1 (hak), , [< hake*, haik*, .] 1. 
A lazy person who strolls about in search of 
what he can pick up, instead of working. [Ob- 
solete or Scotch.] 
Howe some synge Ltetabundus 
At euery ale stake 
With, welcome hake and make ! 
Skelton, Colyn Cloute, 1. 252. 
2. A forward, tattling woman. [Scotch.] 
Hakea (ha'ke-a), n. [NL. (Schrader), named af- 
ter Baron tialce, a German patron of science.] 
A large Australian genus of plants, belonging 
to the f ollicular section of the Proteacea;, tribe 
GreviUeea!, and distinguished from Grevillea by 
its axillary inflorescence and samaroid seeds. 
The species, nearly 100 in number, are all evergreen shrubs 
or small trees with alternate, coriaceous, variously lobed, 
often spiny leaves. They are ornamental in cultivation, 
and several have acquired special names : for example, H. 
ulieina is called native furze ; H. laurina, cushion-flower ; 
U. acicularis Kssosperma, native pear; and H. Jlexilit, 
twine-bush. The genus is found in the fossil state in a 
number of Tertiary beds in Europe. 
HakeEese (ha-ke-e'e), n. pi. [NL., erroneously 
for *Hakeea!, <' Hakea + -ete.] A subtribe of 
, , , . 
lidkama, judge, govern.] 1. A wise or learned 
man ; specifically, a physician. 
From Barbary to Hindostan f rorn the setting to the 
rising sun It is notorious that no travelling character 
is so certainly a safe one as that of hakim or physician. 
De Quincey, Essenes, iii. 
2. In Mohammedan countries, a governor, as 
of a province. 
hakka (hak'a), . [Chinese (in Cantonese pro- 
nunciation ),"< keh, stranger, + kia, family.] 
Literally, an immigrant ; one of a hardy class 
of Chinese dwelling in several localities in 
southern China, notably in the province of 
Kwang-tuug (Canton), the descendants of im- 
migrants from the northern parts of the coun- 
try in the middle ages, and the object of much 
hostility on the part of the native orpunti part 
of the population. 
hakot, M. A dialectal form of haked. Skinner, 
1671; Ainswortli. 
halachah, halakah (ha-lak'a), n. ; pi. halachoth, 
halakoth (-6th). [Heb. halakhah, 'the rule by 
which to go,' < halakh, go.] A traditional law 
deduced from the Bible ; a law or rule regarding 
a matter or case on which there is no direct 
enactment in the Mosaic law, derived by analo- 
gy from this law, and included in the Mishna as 
a binding precept. 
halachic, halakic (ha-lak'ik), a. [< halachah, 
halakah, + -ic.~\ Of, pertaining to, or of the 
nature of halachoth; based on a study of the 
law of Moses; legal, as opposed to homiletic: 
as, halachic exegesis. See haggadic. 
halachoth, halakoth, . Plural of halachah, 
halakah. 
Haladroma (ha-lad'ro-ma), . Same as Ha- 
lodroma. 
haladrome (hara-drom), n. Same as halo- 
drome. 
halakah, halakic. See halachah, halachic. 
halation (ha-la'shpn), n. [Irreg. < halo + 
-ation.] hiphotog., the effect of excess of light, 
or of adventitious reflected light, on some part 
of a negative, as when an interior view includes 
a window the light-rays from which produce a 
fog which spreads over the neighboring parts 
of the picture, or when light is reflected from 
the back of the plate. 
Halation, or reflection from the back of the plate, was 
first disposed of by covering it with asphaltura. 
The American, IX. 199. 
halberd (hal'berd), n. [Also halliard, halbert, 
holbard; < OF. halebarde. F. hallebarde = Pr. Sp. 
Pg. alabarcla = lt. alabarda, labarda (cf. D. helle- 
baard = Sw. hallebard = Dan. hetteburd), a hal- 
berd, < MHG. helmbarfe, for 'halmbartt (cf. 
later halenbarte, Jiallcpurt, hallipart), G. helle- 
barte, a halberd; generally understood as 'an 
ax with which to split a helmet' (MHG. G. helm 
= AS. helm, E. helnft), but prop, an ax with a 
(long) handle, < MHG. halm, helm, G. helm, a 
helve, handle (= AS. helma, E. helm*, a tiller), 
+ MHG. barte (OHG. parta), G. barte, a broad- 
ax, = OS. barda Icel. bardha, a kind of ax, 
connected with OHG. MHG. G. bart = AS. 
beard, E. beard, q. v., = Icel. bardh, brim, verge, 
beak of a ship, fin of a fish, etc., = L. barba, 
