harlequin 
and reddish. It inhabits the arctic regions of both hemi- 
spheres, migrating south in winter. Harlequin moth. 
Same as harlequin, 3. Harlequin service, narlequin 
set, in ceram., n number of pieces or utensils sufficiently 
alike to form a service or set> but not identical in decora- 
tion : as, for instance, a number of cups and saucers of the 
same or nearly the same form and size, but differing in 
color. Such a set may sometimes be made up of pieces 
bought separately; but more commonly harlequin sets 
from the variegation of black with red or orange, 
harlequin (har'le-kin or -kwin), v. [< harle- 
quin, n.] I. intrans. To play the droll; make 
sport by playing ludicrous tricks. 
II. trans. To remove as if by a harlequin's 
trick ; conjure away. 
Tin: kitten, if the humour hit, 
Has harlequin'd away the fit. 
M. Green, The Spleen. 
harlequinade (har*le-ki-nad'), n. [< F. harle- 
quinade; as harlequin + -ade%.] A kind of pan- 
tomime ; that part of a pantomime which fol- 
lows the transformation of characters, and in 
which the harlequin and clown play the prin- 
cipal parts; hence, buffoonery; a fantastic pro- 
cedure. 
No unity of plan, no decent propriety of character and 
costume, could be found in that wild and monstrous har- 
lequinade [the reign of Charles II.]. 
Maraulay, Hallam's Const Hist. 
harlequinery t (har' le-kin-er-i ) , n. [< harlequin 
+ -ery.] Pantomime; buffoonery. 
The French taste is comedy and harlequinery. 
Richardson, Pamela, IV. 89. 
harlequin-flower (har'le-kin-flou'er), n. A 
name given to species of Sparaxis, an iridaceous 
plant from South Africa, handsome in cultiva- 
tion, with many varieties of different colors. 
[Bare.] 
harlequinize (har'le-kin-iz), v. t.; pret. and 
pp. harlequinized, ppr. harlequinizing. [< harle- 
quin + -ize.] To dress up in fantastic style. 
They lunch in the small dining-room. ... It is traves- 
tied, indeed, and harlequinized, like the rest of the house. 
R. Broughton, Joan, U. 8. 
harlockt, . The name of some plant referred to 
by Shakspere and Drayton; perhaps an error for 
charlock (Brassica Sinapistrum), or for hardock, 
supposed to be the burdock (Arctium Lappa). 
Crown'd with rank fuinlter, and furrow weeds, 
With harlocks [in some editions hordocks], hemlock, net- 
tles, cuckoo-flowers. Shak., Lear, iv. 4. 
The honey-suckle, the harlocke, 
The lilly, and the lady-smocke. 
Drayton, Eclogues, iv. 
harlot (har'lot), n. and a. [< ME. Mrlot, a fel- 
low, varlet, knave, buffoon, vagabond, < OF. 
*harlot, arlot, herlot, a vagabond, thief, = Pr. 
arlot, a vagabond, = It. arlotto, a glutton, slov- 
en (formerly applied also to a hedge-priest), 
fern, arlotta, harlot, in mod. E. sense; ML. ar- 
lotus, a glutton. Cf. W. herlod, a stripling, lad, 
Corn, harlot, a rogue (from the E.). The ap- 
par. orig. sense, 'a fellow,' gives some color 
to Skeat's proposed derivation, < OHG. karl 
(= AS. ceorl, E. churl = Icel. karl, E. carl, q. v.) 
+ F. dim. -ot; but this is very unlikely; OHG. 
initial k does not change to 7* or fall off in OF. 
words.] I. n. If. A fellow; a varlet; a male 
servant: often used opprobriously. Compare 
varlet. 
(fore harlottez and hausemene salle helpe hot t littille. 
Morte Arlhure (E. E. T. S.\ 1. 2744. 
He was a gentil harlot and a kynde ; 
A bettre f elawe shulde men noght fynde. 
Chaucer, Gen. Prol. to C. T., 1. 647. 
No man, but he and thou and such other false harlots, 
praiseth any such preaching. Foxe, Martyrs, W. Thorpe. 
2. A woman who prostitutes her body for hire ; 
a prostitute ; a common woman. 
Jesus saith unto them [the chief priests and elders], 
Verily I say unto you, That the publicans and the harlots 
go into the kingdom of God before you. Mat. xxi. 81. 
He believed 
This filthy marriage-hindering Mammon made 
The harlot of the cities. Tennyson, Aylmer'a Field. 
II. a. Pertaining to or like a harlot; wanton; 
lewd; low; base. 
The harlot king 
Is quite beyond mine arm. Shak., W. T., U. 3. 
harlot (har'lot), v. i. [< harlot, n.] To prac- 
tise lewdness with harlots or as a harlot. 
They . . . spend their youth in loitering, bezzling, and 
harlotting, their studies in unprofitable questions and bar- 
barous sophistry. Milton, On Del. of Humb. Eemonst , 1. 
harlotize (har'lot-iz), v. i. ; pret. and pp. har- 
lotized, ppr. harl'otizing. [< harlot + -ize.] To 
play the harlot. Warner, Albion's England, 
vi. 30. 
2722 
harlotry (liar'lot-ri), M. [< ME. harlotrie, < har- 
lot +-rie, -ry.] If. Clownishness ; buffoonery. 
I visited neuere fieble men, ne fettered folke in puttes ; 
I haue leuere [rather] here an harlotrie, or a somer-game 
of souteres, 
Or lesynges to laughe at. Piers Plowman (B), v. 413. 
2. Eibaldry ; .profligacy ; profligate practice. 
To trlli- his harlotrye I wol not spare. 
Chaucer, Friar's Tale, L 30. 
3. The trade or practice of prostitution; ha- 
bitual or customary lewdness. 4f. A name of 
contempt or opprobrium for a woman. 
A peevish self-willed harlotry, 
One that no persuasion can do good upon. 
Shak., 1 Hen. IV., lil 1. 
5f. False show ; meretriciousness. 
The harlotry of the ornaments. 
T. Matthias, Pursuits of Literature. 
harm (harm), n. [< ME. harm, herm, < AS. 
hearm = OS. harm = OFries. herm (in comp.) 
= MLG. harm, herm = OHG. haram, insult, 
mortification, MHG. harm (not used), G. harm, 
grief, sorrow, = Icel. harmr, grief, = Sw. harm, 
anger, grief, pity, = Dan. harme, resentment, 
wrath; prob. = OBulg. sramu = Russ. srame, 
shame ; perhaps = Skt. crama, weariness, toil, 
< y gram, be weary.] 1. Physical or material 
injury; hurt; damage; detriment. 
Felre sone Gawein, be stille and wepe no more, for I 
hane not the harme that I sholde dye fore, but hurte I am 
right sore. Merlin (E. K T. 8.), U. SOU. 
Do thyself no harm. Acts xvi. 28. 
It was to admiration, that In such a tempest (than which 
I never observed a greater) so little harm was done, and 
no person hurt. Winthrop, Hist. New England, II. 430. 
2. Moral injury; evil; mischief; wrong; wrong- 
fulness. 
For who that loketh all totore, 
And woll not see what is behynde, 
He male full ofte his harmei flnde. 
Qower, Conf. Amant., v. 
The fault unknown is as a thought unacted ; 
A little harm done to a great Rood end 
For lawful policy remains enacted. 
Shak., Lncrece, 1. 528. 
What good should follow this, if this were done? 
What harm, undone? Deep harm to disobey, 
Seeing obedience is the bond of rule. 
Tennyson, Passing of Arthur. 
Grievous bodily harm, in law. See grievou*. =Syn. 
1. Damage, Hurt, etc. (see injury); prejudice, disadvan- 
tage. 
harm (harm), v. t. [< ME. hartnen, hermen, har- 
mien, < AS. hearmian, hurt, injure. = OHG. har- 
iiiiin. MHG. hermen, insult, calumniate, G. har- 
men, afflict, grieve, = Icel. har ma, bewail, 
refl. harmask = Sw. harmas = Dan. harmes, be 
vexed ; from the noun.] To injure ; damage ; 
inflict injury upon in any way ; be detrimen- 
tal to. 
Adders that har men alle hende bestis. 
Richard the Redeless, lit 17. 
We may yet prove successless in our endeavours to live 
peaceably, and may be hated, harmed, and disquieted in 
our course of life. Barrow, Works, I. ID. 
Such extremes, I told her, well might harm 
The woman's cause. Tennyson, Princess, iii. 
harmala (har'ma-la), n. [NL. : see harmei.'} 
Same as harmei. " 
harmala-red (har'ma-lii-red), n. A dye made 
from harmaline. 
harmaline (har'ma-lin), n. [< harmala + -ine^.] 
A vegetable alkaloid derived from the husks 
of the seeds of the harmei, Peganum Harmala. 
Its chemical formula is C^H^NgO. It makes 
a valuable dye, the harmala-red of commerce, 
harman (har'man), n. [See harman-beak, beck- 
harman.] 1. pi. The stocks. Hattiwell. 
To put our stamps [legs] In the Harmans. 
Dekker, quoted in N. and Q., 7th ser., VII. 230. 
2. A constable. [Cant.] 
The worst have an awe of the harman's claw, 
And the best will avoid the trap. 
Bulwer, The Disowned, ii. 
harman-beakt, hannan-beckt (har'man-bek, 
-bek), . Same&sbeck-harman. Scott. [Thieves' 
cant.] 
harmattan (har-mat'an), n. [Ar. name.] An 
intensely dry land-wind felt on the coast of 
Africa between Cape Verd and Cape Lopez. 
It prevails at intervals during December, January, and 
February, and is charged with a thick dust which obscures 
the sun : it withers vegetation and dries up the skin of the 
human body. During the prevalence of the harmattan 
the middle of the day is characterized by great heat, while 
the nights are unusually cool. Also spelled hermitan. 
The hot Hannattan wind had raged itself out ; its howl 
went silent within me ; and the long deafened soul could 
now hear. Carlyle, Sartor Resartus. 
The harmattan is known to raise clouds of dust high 
into the atmosphere. flonoin, Voyage of Beagle, I. 6. 
harmonic 
harmei (hiir'mel), . [< NL. harmala, < Ar. har- 
mal.] The Syrian or African rue, Peganum 
Harmala, from the husks of the seeds of which 
harmaline is extracted. It is a strong-scented branch- 
ing herb, with sessile entire or divided leaves provided 
with filiform stipules, and white flowers with green stripes. 
The species is widely distributed throughout the Mediter- 
ranean region and southern Asia. The seeds are also used 
medicinally as a vermifuge. 
harmful (harni'ful), a. [< ME. harmful, < AS. 
'hearmful (in comp. hearmfullic) (= G. harm- 
vott, full of grief, = Dan. harmfuld = Sw. harm- 
full, indignant), < hearm, harm, + ful, full : see 
-ful.] Full of harm; hurtful; injurious; nox- 
ious; detrimental; mischievons. 
What monsters muster here, 
With Angels face, and hariiit/ull hel[l]ish harts ! 
Oatcuigne, Steele Glas (ed. Arber), p. 82. 
These, while they are afraid of every thing, bring them- 
selves and the churches in the greatest and most harmful 
hazards. Strype, Abp. Parker, an. 1572. 
Let . . . me and my harmful love go by. 
Tennyson, Maud, \xiv. 
= Syn. Pernicious, baneful, deleterious, prejudicial, 
harmfully (harm'ful-i), adv. In a harmful 
manner. 
A scholer ... Is better occupied in playing or sleping 
than in spending tyme, not onlie vainlie, but also harm- 
fullie, in such a kinde of exercise. 
AncJiam, The Scholemaster, 11. 
harmfulness (harm'ful-nes), n. The quality or 
state of being harmful. 
harmin, harmine (har'min), n. [< harm(ala) 
+ -JN a ,-te a . Cf. harmaline.] A substance (Cjs 
HjoNgO) derived from harmaline by oxidation, 
or directly from the seeds of Peganum Harmala. 
harmless (harm'les), a. [< ME. harmles (= G. 
harmlos = Dan. Sw. harmlos); < harm + -less.] 
1. Free from physical harm ; unhurt; undam- 
aged ; uninjured : as, he escaped harmless. 
And was savyd hannlense by myracle, for the fyer 
chaunged in to rosis. 
Torkington, Diarie of Eng. Travel], p. 47. 
2. Free from loss ; free from liability to pay 
for loss or damage: as, to hold or save one 
harmless. 
The shipwright will be careful to gain by his labour, or 
at least to save himself harmless. Raleigh. 
3. Free from power or disposition to harm; 
not hurtful or injurious ; innocent: as, & harm- 
less snake ; harmless play. 
By our suffering its [sin's] continual approaches, it be- 
gins to appear to us in a more harmless shape. 
Up. Atterbunj, Sermons, II. xxiii. 
Amidst his harmless easy joys 
No anxious care invades his health. 
Hi ii'ii n, tr. of Horace's Epistles, U. 
The rabbit fondles his own harmles* face. 
Tennyson, Aylmer's Field. 
To bear one harmless*, to warrant one's safety. =Syn. 
1. Unharmed. 3. Inoffensive, unoffending, innocuous, in- 
noxious. 
harmlessly (harm'les-li), adv. In a harmless 
manner ; without inflicting or receiving injury. 
Religion does not censure or exclude 
Unnumbered pleasures harmlessly pursued. 
Cowper, Retirement, L 784. 
harmlessness (harm'les-nes), . The charac- 
ter or state of being harmless. 
But I dare, sir, avow that the harmlessness of our prin- 
ciples is not more legible in our profession than in our 
practices and sufferings. lioylt. Works, V. 285. 
To cut off all occasion of suspicion as touching the harm- 
lessness of his doctrines, he would willingly give any one 
the notes of all his sermons. Southey, Bunyan, p. 49. 
harmonia (har-mo'ni-a), . [NL., < Gr. dp/jovia, 
harmony. The genera so called are named af- 
ter Harmonia in Gr. myth., daughter of Ares 
(Mars) and Aphrodite (Venus), and wife of Cad- 
mus : see harmony.] 1 . In anat. , a kind of suture 
between two immovable bones which are ap- 
posed and fitted to each other by a border or 
narrow surface plane and smooth or nearly so, 
as that between opposite maxillary or palatal 
bones. The name is applicable both to the 
mode of suturing and to the suture thus made. 
Also called harmony. 
The outer and lower edge of which [the basisphenoid] 
joins, by a sort of harmonia, with the inner and lower 
edge of the tympanic. Huxley, Anat. Vert., p. 376. 
2. [cap.] Inentoi.,agenusof ladybirds, of the 
family Coccinellidfe, containing such as H. picta. 
Mulsant, 1846. 3. [cop.] A genus of crusta- 
ceans. Haswell, 1879. 
harmonic (har-mon'ik), a. and n. [= F. har- 
moniqiie = Pr. armonic = Pg. harmonica = Sp. 
armonico = It. armonico (cf. D. G. harmonised 
= Dan. Sw. harmonisk), < L. hrirmonicits, < Gr. 
apfiavutof, harmonic, musical, suitable (ra dpfio- 
VIKO or ij dpfun-inq, the theory of sounds, music), 
< dpuovia, harmony : see harmony.] I. a. 1. Per- 
