heave 
There's raattei 1 in these sighs, these profound heaves ; 
You must translate. Shak., Humlet, iv. 1. 
'Mongst Forests, Hills, and Floods, was ne'er such heave 
and shove 
Since Albion wielded arms against the son of Jove. 
Drayton, Polyolbion, iv. 65. 
There was no motion save the never-resting heave of 
the ocean swell. Froude, Sketches, p. 67. 
3. A rise of land ; a knoll. [Scotch.] 
Crossing a certain hfave of grass. 
<feo. MacDonald, Warlock o' Glenwarlock. 
4. In milling, a dislocation or displacement of 
a part of a vein, in consequence of its intersec- 
tion by another vein or cross-course, or by a 
simple slide, fracture, or jointing of the coun- 
try-rock. But it occasionally happens that a vein is 
"hove" when there is no sign of a cross-vein or joint at 
the place where the continuity of the vein is broken. 
Surface displacement has been termed the heave of a 
fault. Qeikie, Encyc. Brit, X. 303. 
5. pi. A disease of horses. See heaves. Heave 
Of the sea, the power exerted by the swell of the sea in 
advancing, retarding, or changing the course of a vessel. 
heaven (hev'n), n. [Early mod. K. also heven; 
< ME. heven, < AS. heofon, heofen, hefon, earlier 
heben = OS. hebhan = MLG. heven = Icel. hi- 
finn, heaven. The Icel. form is more com- 
monly himiiin, mod. himin = Goth, himins, hea- 
ven, the same, but with different suffix -in, as 
OS. himil = OFries. hinml = D. hemel = OHG. 
MHG. himel, G. himmel = Sw. Dan. himmel, 
heaven, also in OHG., D., Icel., etc., ceiling, 
canopy (so early AS. heben-hus, glossed by L. 
lacunar, ceiling), pointing to a prob. orig. mean- 
ing ' covering," represented by E. hame 1 , q. v. 
The forms with /or 6 and those with m are prob. 
orig. identical, but the reason of the change is 
not clear. The word heaven is often erroneously 
explained as orig. the pp. of heave, the sky being 
regarded as that which is ' heaved ' up ; but the 
AS. hafen, htefen, pp. of hebban, heave, is very 
different phonetically from heofon, heaven, and 
the two words must be of different origin. This 
supposed relation of heaven to heave appears 
reversed and modified in the actual relation of 
lift, the air, the sky, with lift, raise.] 1. The 
expanse of space surrounding the earth, and 
appearing above and around us as a great arch 
or vault, in which the sun, moon, and stars 
seem to be set ; the sky ; the firmament ; the 
celestial regions: often used in the plural. 
Hit was neuer herd, as I hope, sith heuyn was o loft 
[aloft], 
In any coste where ye come but ye were clone victorius. 
Destruction of fray (E. E. T. S.), 1. 1101. 
I never saw 
The heavens so dim by day. 
Shak., W. T., iii. 3. 
Deepening thro' the silent spheres, 
Heaven over Heaven rose the night. 
Tennyson, Mariana in the South. 
'Tis very sweet to look into the fair 
And open face of heaven, to breathe a prayer 
Full in the smile of the blue firmament. 
Keats, Sonnet. 
2. Sky as typical of climate ; a zone or region. 
From vases in the hall 
Flowers of all heavens, and lovelier than their names, 
Grew side by side. Tennyson, Princess, Prol. 
3. The celestial abode of immortal beings; 
the place or state of existence of blessed spirits 
beyond the sphere of or after departure from 
the earthly life. In Christian theology heaven is 
regarded as the region or state of endless happiness en- 
joyed by angels and faithful departed spirits in the im- 
mediate presence of God. The Hebrews supposed three 
heavens the air, the starry firmament, and the abode of 
God. The Cabalists described seven heavens, each rising 
in happiness above the other, the highest being the abode 
of God and the most exalted angels. Hence, to be in the 
seventh heaven is to be supremely happy. The heaven 
of the Mohammedans is remarkable for the sensual de- 
lights it has in store for the faithful. The ancient Greeks 
and Latins regarded heaven as the abode of the greater 
gods ; and the spirits of the great and good were supposed 
to find their place of blisa in the Elysian Fields (which see, 
under Elysian). 
But zit there is a place that men clepen the Scole of 
God, where he was wont to teche his Disciples, and tolde 
hem the Prevytees of Uevene. 
MandemUe, Travels, p. 114. 
And in the myddys of the Tower ys the place wher our 
blyssyd Savyor Crist Jim ascendid vnto hevyn. 
Torkington, Diarie of Eng. Travell, p. 30. 
I knew a man in Christ . . . caught up to the third 
heaven. 2 Cor. xil. 2. 
Above 
Live the great gods in heaven and see 
What things shall be. Swinburne, Felise. 
4. [cap.'} The Supreme Being; God; Provi- 
dence. 
He cannot thrive, 
Unless her prayers, whom Heaven delights to hear, 
And loves to grant, reprieve him from the wrath 
Of greatest justice. Shak., All's Well, iii. 4. 
2763 
Dear Couz, said Hermes in a Fright, 
For Heav'n sake keep your Darts : Good Night. 
Prior, Mercury and Cupid. 
Heaven is very kind in its way of putting questions to 
mortals. 0. W. Holmes, Old Vol. of Life, p. 15. 
5f. pi. The celestial powers ; heavenly beings. 
In love, the heavens themselves do guide the state. 
Shak., M. W. of W., v. B. 
6. Supreme exaltation or felicity; consum- 
mate happiness ; a state of bliss. 
For if hfiiene be on this erthe and ese to any soule, 
It is in cloistere or in scole be many skilles I fynde. 
Piers Plowman (B), x. 300. 
It is a heaeen upon earth to have a man's mind move in 
charity, rest in Providence, and turn on the poles of truth. 
Bacon. 
Stand up, and give me but a gentle look 
And two kind words, and I shall be in heaven. 
Beau, and Fl., King and No King, iii. 1. 
Balm of heaven. See balm. Crystalline heavens. 
See crystalline. Good heavens! an exclamation of as- 
tonishment, remonstrance, or censure. [Colloq.] Hea- 
ven of heavens, the highest heaven ; the abode and seat 
of divinity. 
Behold, heaven and the heaven of heavens cannot con- 
tain thee ; how much less this house which I have built I 
2 Chron. vi. 18. 
Host of heaven. See Aosti. Queen of heaven. See 
queen. 
heaven (hev'n), v. t. [< heaven, n.] To place 
in or as if in heaven ; make supremely happy 
or blessed; beatify. [Rare.] 
He heavens himself on earth, and for a little pelf cozens 
himself of bliss. Rev. T. Adams, Works, 1. 194. 
We are happy as the bird whose nest 
Is heavened in the hush of purple hills. G. Massey. 
heaven-born (hev'n-b6rn), a. Born of or sent 
by heaven. 
Oh heaven-born sisters [the Muses] ! source of art ! 
Who charm the sense or mend the heart. 
Pope, Chorus in Tragedy of Brutus. 
Hail, ye heroes ! heaven-born band ! 
J. Hopkinson, Hail, Columbia. 
heaven-bred (hev'u-bred), a. Produced or cul- 
tivated in heaven. 
Much is the force of heaven-bred poesy. 
Shak.,1. G. ofV., iii. 2. 
heaven-bright (hev'n-brit), a. [Cf. AS. heo- 
fon-beorht, < heofon, heaven, + beorht, bright.] 
Bright as heaven ; gloriously bright. [Poeti- 
cal.] 
heaven-built (hev'n-bilt), a. Built by the 
agency or favor of the gods. 
His arms had wrought the destin'd fall 
Of sacred Troy, and raz'd her heav'n-buUt wall. 
Pope, Odyssey, i. 3. 
heaven-directed (hev'n-di-rek'ted), . 1. 
Pointing to the sky. 
Who taught that heaven-directed spire to rise. 
Pope, Moral Essays, iii. 281. 
2. Guided or directed by celestial powers : as, 
heaven-directed efforts. 
To heirs unknown descends th' unguarded store, 
Or wanders, heaven-directed, to the poor. 
Pope, Moral Essays, ii. 149. 
heaven-fallen (hev'n-fa''ln), a. Fallen from 
heaven ; having revolted from God. 
All yet left of that revolted rout, 
Heaven-fallen, in station stood. 
Milton, P. L., x. 585. 
heaven-gifted (hev'n-gif*ted), a. Bestowed by 
heaven. 
To grind in brazen fetters under task 
With this heaven-gifted strength. 
Milton, S. A., L 36. 
heavenhood (hev'n-hud), . [< heaven + -hood.'] 
Heavenly character ; fitness for heaven ; sanc- 
tification. [Rare.] 
We may not expect to see . . . the ripe, rich fruits of 
hmeenhood clustered around the subterranean root of 
faith. 0. D. Boardman, Creative Week, p. 63. 
heavenisht (hev'n-ish), a. [< ME. hevenish; < 
heaven + -tsA 1 .] 1. Pertaining to or character- 
istic of the sidereal heavens. 
By hevenyth revolucioun. 
Chaucer, Complaint of Mars, 1. 30. 
2. Pertaining to the celestial abodes; heavenly. 
So aungellyke was hir natif beaute, 
That lyke a thyng immortal semede she, 
As doth an hevenyssh parflt creature, 
That doun was sent in scornyng of Nature. 
Chaucer, Troilus, 1. 104. 
heavenizet (hev'n-iz), v. t. [< heaven + -ize.] 
To bring to a heavenly condition or disposition. 
If thou be once soundly heavenized in thy thoughts. 
Bp. Hall, Soliloquies, 80. 
heaven-kissing (hev'n-kis"ing), a. Touching 
or seeming to touch the sky. 
A station like the herald Mercury, 
New-lighted on a heaven-kissiny hill. 
Shale., Hamlet, ill. 4. 
heaver 
heavenliket (hev'n-lik), . Heavenly. 
Being menne favre aboue the common sorte, or, as you 
woulde saye, heauenlyke felowes. J. Udall, On Mark viii. 
heavenliness (hev'n-li-nes), n. The condition 
or quality of being heavenly. 
Goddess of women, sith your heavenliness 
Hath now vouchsafe! itself to represent 
To our dim eyes. Sir J. Davief, Dancing. 
heavenly (hev'n-li), a. [< ME. hevenly, heofon- 
lich, < AS. heofonlic, < heofon, heaven : see hea- 
ven and -ly 1 .] 1. Of or pertaining to heaven, 
in either the physical or the spiritual sense; 
celestial : as, heavenly regions ; heavenly peace ; 
the heavenly throng. 
The heauenly lights hid their faces from beholding It, 
and cloathed themselves with blacke as bewayling the 
worlds f unerall. Purchai, Pilgrimage, p. 40. 
The teachings of science, instead of rtarrowing, enlarge 
the heavenly horizons. If. A. Rev., CXL. 327. 
2. Fit for or characteristic of heaven; su- 
premely blessed, excellent, or beautiful ; an- 
gelic: as, a heavenly voice; a heavenly temper. 
The love of heaven makes one heavenly. Sir P. Sidney. 
Good my lord, 
You are full of heavenly stuff, . . . you have scarce time 
To steal from spiritual leisure a brief span, 
To keep your earthly audit. Shak., Hen. VIII., iii. 2. 
Oft with heavenly red her cheek did glow. 
William Morris, Earthly Paradise, I. 329. 
=Syn. 1. Ethereal, celestial. 2. Godlike, divine, spiritual, 
blissful, beatific, seraphic, cherubic. 
heavenly (hev'n-li), adv. [< ME. hevenly, < AS. 
heofonlice,< heofonlic, a., heavenly: see heaven- 
ly, a.] 1. In a manner as of heaven. 
This sayd, she turned with rose colour heauenlye be- 
glittered. Stanihurst, Mveia, i. 376. 
0, she was heavenly true ! Shak., Othello, v. 2. 
You are so heavenly good, no man can reach you. 
Beau, and Fl., Custom of the Country, i. 1. 
2. By the influence or agency of heaven. 
The hour before the Aeacenfy-harness'd team 
Begins his golden progress in the east. 
Shak., 1 Hen. IV., iii. 1. 
Our heavenly-guided soul shall climb. 
Milton, Time, 1. 19. 
heavenly-minded (hev'n-li-mm"ded), a. Hav- 
ing the thoughts and affections fixed on hea- 
venly objects. 
heavenly-mindedness (hev'n-li-miu"ded-nes), 
n. The state or quality of being heavenly- 
minded. 
Deep spirituality and heavenly-mindedness, a humble 
and self-denying walk before God. 
Biog. Notice of Bradford, Works (Parker Soc. , 1853), II. xi. 
heaven-tree (hev'n-tre), n. A mythical tree or 
vine which figures in some primitive beliefs as 
affording the means of ascent from under- 
ground regions to the surface, or from the sur- 
face to the sky. Forms of this myth are found 
in Malacca, Borneo, Celebes, New Zealand, and 
Polynesia. 
There was a heaven-tree, where people went up and 
down, and when it fell it stretched some sixty miles. 
Quoted in E. B. Tylor's Early Hist. Mankind (3d ed.), 
[p. 357, note. 
heavenward, heavenwards (hev ' n - ward, 
-wardz), adv. [ME. heveneward; < heaven + 
-ward, -wards.'] Toward heaven. 
Thus heav'nward all things tend. For all were once 
Perfect, and all must be at length restor'd. 
So God has greatly purpos'd. Cowper, Task, vi. 818. 
heave-offering (hev'of'er-ing), . In the Le- 
vitical law, a voluntary offering which when 
presented before the Lord was 'heaved' or ele- 
vated by the priest, and became the portion of 
the priests and their families. The term is also 
sometimes applied to offerings received for the priests but 
not actually heaved or elevated. Hence the Hebrew word 
terumah, which is rendered heave-oferinff 22 times, is else- 
where in the Old Testament rendered ' offering ' (28 times), 
'oblation' (19 times), 'gifts' (once, Prov. xxix. 4), and 'is 
offered' (once, Ezek. xlviii. 12). It is used of the tenths 
of the tithes paid by the Levites to the priests (Num. xviii. 
26-29), of offerings for the fabric, vessels, etc., of the tab- 
ernacle (Ex. xxv., xxxv., xxxvl., etc.), of territory reserved 
to the priests (Ezek. xlv. 1, xlviii. 8-21), of the offering of a 
half-shekel or didrachma of atonement-money once a year 
(Ex. xxx. 13-16 : compare Mat. xvii. 24), etc. 
Thou shalt sanctify the breast of the wave offering, and 
the shoulder of the heave offering, which is waved, and 
which is heaved up, of the ram of the consecration, even 
of that which is for Aaron, and of that which is for his 
sons. Ex. xxix. 27. 
heaver (he'ver), n. One who or that which 
heaves or lifts. Specifically (a) One of a class of 
men employed about docks to take goods from vessels : 
generally used in composition : as, coal-heaver, (b) Naut., 
a smooth round wooden staff, generally from two to three 
feet long, used for twisting or heaving tight a rope or 
strap. 
