herald 
Isles.] 6. Anoctnid moth, Gonoptera ttbatrix : 
an English collectors' name. See Gonoithrn. 
Herald-at-arms, in the middle ages, the herald or pur- 
suivant when acting as regulator of a just or tourney, or 
when deciding upon the bearings allowed to be worn by any 
person ; hence, a general term for a herald. 
There was a Herald at Arms sent lately from Pails to 
Flanders, who by Sound of Trumpet denounced and pro- 
claimed open War against the King of Spain. 
Howell, Letters, I. vi. 18. 
Heralds' College, or College of Arms, a royal corporation 
in England, instituted in the fifteenth century. Its mem- 
bers are the earl marshal, three klngs-at-arms, six heralds, 
and three pursuivants ; and its chief business is the grant- 
ing of armorial bearings or coats of arms, and the tracing 
and preservation of genealogies. In Scotland the corre- 
sponding functions belong to the Lyon Court See Lyon 
king-at-anns, under king-at-arms. 
herald (her'ald), v. t. [< OF. herauder, heraulder, 
herald; from the noun.] To proclaim; give 
tidings of as a herald; announce. 
We are sent 
To give thee, from our royal master, thanks ; 
Only to herald thee into his sight, not pay thee. 
Shak., Macbeth, i. 8. 
She smiled, but something in her smile 
Was like the heralding of tears, 
When lonely pain the grieved heart bears. 
William Morris, Earthly Paradise, II. 62. 
herald-crab (her'ald-krab), n. A species of 
crab, Huenia heraidica, so called because its 
carapace presents a fancied resemblance to the 
heraldic shield and mantle. 
heraldic (he-ral'dik), a. [< F. heraldique = Sp. 
herdldico = Pg. heraldico; as herald + -ic.] 1. 
Pertaining to neralds or heraldry, and especial- 
ly to that branch of heraldry which deals with 
armorial bearings: as, a heraldic lion; the he- 
raldic representation of birds, beasts, etc. ; he- 
raldic blazonry. 
As for the heraldic question, although he had not as- 
sumed the arms of Clarence, he might have assumed them, 
or even those of Edward III. Slubbi, Const. Hist., 354. 
2. In herpet., giving warning; monitory, as a 
lizard : as, the heraldic varan, Varanus or Mo- 
nitor heraldicus, of India. Heraldic chapter, he- 
raldic college, the Heralds' College, or College of Arms. 
Heraldic French, a barbarous sort of French used in 
heraldic blazonry.- Heraldic shield, a shield charged 
with heraldic bearings. 
heraldical (he-ral'di-kal), a. [< heraldic + -al.] 
Of a heraldic character; relating to heralds or 
heraldry. [Rare.] 
Making a considerable progress in heraldical and anti- 
quarian studies under his inspection, he published a book. 
Wood, Athena; Oxon. 
heraldically (he-ral'di-kal-i), adv. In a heral- 
dic manner ; in' accordance with the rules of 
heraldry. 
heraldize (her'al-diz), v. t.: pret. and pp. her- 
aldizedfippT.heraldizing. [(.herald + -ize.] To 
blazon. [Rare.] 
herald-moth (her'ald-m6th), n. Same as her- 
ald, 6. 
heraldry (her'ald-ri), n. ; pi. heraldries (-riz). 
[< OF. heraiilderie,< heralt, heraut, herald: see 
herald.] 1. The office or duty of a herald ; spe- 
cifically, the art and science of genealogy and 
precedence; the science of honorary distinc- 
tions, and especially of armorial bearings, in 
modern times heraldry is reduced to the department of 
armorial delineation, blazonry, and the right of certain 
persons to certain bearings, except when, as in England, it 
has to do with marshaling processions, and with the rare 
ceremonies at which heraldic proclamations are made. 
The law of heraldry in war is positive. 
Hooker, Eccles. Polity, i. 16. 
To woo a wench with empty hands 
Is no good heraldry ; therefore let's to the gold, 
And share it equally ; 'twill speak for us 
More than a thousand compliments or cringes. 
Fletcher (and another), Sea Voyage, iit 1. 
Heraldry became a handmaid of chivalry, and the mar- 
shalling of badges, crests, coat-armour, pennons, helmets 
and other devices of distinction grew into an important 
branch of knowledge. Stubbs, Const. Hist., 471. 
Heraldry is another element by means of which archse- 
ology provides trustworthy canons of criticism in rela- 
tion to written and unwritten mediseval records. 
Encyc. Brit., II. 848. 
2. A heraldic emblazonment; a coat of arms. 
[Poetical.] 
And in the midst, 'rnong thousand heraldries, . . . 
A shielded scutcheon blushed with blood of queens and 
kings. Seats, Eve of St. Agnes, St. 24. 
Heaps of living gold that daily grow, 
And title-scrolls and gorgeous heraldries. 
Tennyson, Aylmer's Field. 
3. Heraldic symbolism. 
He, whose sable arms, 
Black as his purpose, did the night resemble, . . . 
Hath now this dread and black complexion smear'd 
With heraldry more dismal ; head to foot 
Now is he total gules. Shak., Hamlet, ii. 2. 
2798 
4. Pomp; ceremony. [Poetical.] 
He who with all Heaven's heraldry whilere 
Enter'd the world now bleeds to give us ease. 
Hilton, Circumcision, 1. 10. 
herbary 
Delicious is your shelter to the soul, 
As to the hunted halt the sallying spring, 
Or stream full-flowing, that his swelling sides 
Laves, as he floats along the lierbag'd brink. 
Thomson, Summer, 1. 475. 
Allusive heraldry, canting heraldry. Same as allu- jj er i, a i (her'bal), a. and n. [< OF. herbal, of 
~ False heraldry. " herbs ( ' as a noun> the L month of Ju ' ne , 
also a place covered with grass, herbel, a mea- 
< ML. "herbalis, < L. herba, herb: see 
I.t a. Pertaining to or consisting of 
s_. 
heraldship (her'ald-ship), . [< herald + -ship.] 
The state of being a herald; the office of a 
herald. 
heraldyet, [ME., < OF. heraudie, hiraudee, a 
coat, frock; appar. orig. a herald's coat, < he- 
ralt, heraut, herald: see herald.] Habit; figur- 
atively, character. 
As he which t' hath the heraldye 
Of hem that usen for to lye. 
(/outer, Coot. Amant, L 178. 
her and t, . An obsolete variant of herald. 
Chaucer. 
herb (erb or herb), . [The initial h, asreg. in 
words coming from L. through OF., was silent 
in ME. and is prop, silent in mod. E., but is now 
sometimes pronounced, in conformity to herba- gions. 
dow), 
herb.] 
herbs. 
To conclude, thou calling of me to that herball dinner 
and leane repast. Benvenuto, Passengers' Dialogues. 
The herbal savour gave his sense delight. 
Quarles, Hist. Jonah. 
II. n. 1. A book in which plants are classi- 
fied and described; a treatise on the kinds, 
qualities, uses, etc., of plants; a book of sys- 
tematic and officinal botany. [Obsolete except 
historically.] 
The new Herball and such Bookes as make shew of 
herbes, plants, trees, fishes, foules and beasts of these re- 
Hakluyt's Vya<ie, t 441. 
ceous, herbarium, and other forms in which the 
h is properly pronounced, as being recently 
taken from the L. ; early mod. E. also hearbe, 
erbe (cf. mod. E. dial, arb, yarb), < ME. herbe, 
pronounced and often spelled erbe, < OF. herbe, 
ierbe, erbe, F. herbe = Pr. herba, erba = Sp. 
yerba = Pg. herea, erva = It. erba, < L. herba, 
grass, green stalks or blades, herbage, an herb ; 
supposed, without much probability, to be con- Verbalism (her'bal-izm), n. 
nected with OL. forbea, food, Or. <t>op^, pas- Th e knowledge of herbs. 
ture, fodder, forage, < ftppetv, feed.] 1. A plant herbalist (her'bal-ist), n. [< herbal + -ist.] 1. 
in which the stem does not become woody and One who is skilled in the knowledge of plants, 
An ignorant physician, though possibly he may know 
the shape and the colour of an herb, as it is set down in 
an herbal, yet neither knows its virtue nor its operation, 
nor how to prepare it for a medicine. 
Batee, On the Fear of God. 
2f. A herbarium. 
Others made it their business to collect In voluminous 
herbal* all the several leaves of some one tree. 
Spectator, No. 455. 
[< herbal + -ism.] 
persistent, but dies annually or after flowering 
down to the ground at least : thus distinguished 
from a shrub or tree, which has a woody stem 
or trunk. 
On a thursday at even in the moneth of Aprille. in the 
tyme that these erbes and trees be-gynne to florissh. 
Merlin (E. E. T. 8.), ii. 242. 
No flower was nigh, no grass, herb, leaf, or weed, 
But stole his blood and seem'd with him to bleed. 
Shak., Venus and Adonis, 1. 1056. 
It [a garden] belongeth especially to the Physitiana, and 
is famoused over most places of Christendome for the sov- 
eraigne vertue of mediciuable hearbei. 
Coryat, Crudities, I. 183. 
or makes collections of them. 
He was a curious florist, an accurate herbalist, throughly 
vers'd in the book of nature. 
J. Mede, Works, Author's Life. 
2. A dealer in medicinal plants, or one who 
treats disease with botanical remedies only. 
[Rare.] 
herbart, [Appar. a var. of herber, an early 
form of arbor 2 , used by Spenser as equiv. to herb. 
Cf. OF. herbor, erbor, erbour, grass, herbage, < 
herbe, grass.] An herb. 
The roofe hereof was arched over head, 
And deckt with flowers and herbars daintily. 
Spenser, F. Q., II. it 46. 
Specifically 2. A herbaceous plant used offi- 
cinally. 3f. That part of a vegetable which herbaria, n. Latin plural of herbarium. 
springs from the root and is terminated by the herbarian (her-ba'n-an), n. [< herb + -arian. 
fructification, including the stem or stalk, the Cf. herbarium.] A herbalist, 
leaves, etc. Herb mastic, a labiate plant and species herbaristti " See herborist. 
of thyme, Thymus MasKchina, growing in Europe. The herbarium (her-ba'ri-um), n. ; pi. herbariums, 
Syrian herb mastic is a germander, Teummn marum, of i-,;,,,..;,. / ..I.- ; r_ rj fi 1)071 Sw herba- 
the Levant. Also called caWAj/rne.-Herb of friendship, " erbat ' (-umz, -a). U. U. Uan. bw. her* 
a species of stonecrop, Sedum Anacampaeros, of continen- mint = Sp. herbaria = Pg. hervano = It. erba- 
rio, < LL. herbarium, neut . of L. herbarius, < herba, 
herb: see herb. Cf. arbor 2 .] 1. A collection of 
dried plants systematically arranged ; a hortus 
siccus. In the United States a standard herbarium-sheet 
has been adopted, and all plants are prepared to fit this. 
_ species of stonecrop, Sedum Anacampaei 
tal Europe, not very abundant. Also called evergreen or- 
pine. Herb Of Paris. Same as herb-paris. Herb of 
St. Martin, a tropical plant, Sauvagesia erecta, belonging 
to the natural order Violariece, ranging from Peru to the 
West Indies, and found in western Africa, Madagascar, and 
Java. In Brazil it is used for complaints of the eyes, in 
Peru for disorders of the bowels, and in the West Indies 
(where it is also called iron-shrub) as a diuretic. Herb 
of the cross, the vervain, Verbena ojficinalis, which when 
gathered with a certain formula is imagined to be efllcient 
in curing wounds. T. F. Thistleton Dyer, Folklore of 
Plants, 1889, p. 259. Herb terrible, the silvery-leafed 
daphne, Thymeleea Tartonraira, a shrub of the Mediter- 
ranean region and Asia Minor. Holy herb. See holy. 
= Syn. 1. Plant, Shrub, etc. See vegetable, n. 
herbaceous (her-ba'shius), a. [= Sp. Pg. her- 
baceo = It. erbaceo, < L. herbaceus, grassy, grass- 
colored, < herba, grass : see herb.] 1. Pertain- 
ing to or of the nature of herbs. 2. Feed- 
ing on vegetables ; herbivorous. 
Their teeth are fitted to their food ; the rapacious to 
catching, holding, and tearing their prey ; the herbaceous 
to gathering and comminution of vegetables. Derham. 
The sheets are lej inches long and 11J inches wide, and 
the paper, which is white, smooth, and stiff, weighs about 
28 pounds to the ream. For many European herbariums a 
smaller size was originally adopted, which it is inexpedient 
to change. The plants are attached to these sheets either 
by small gummed strips of paper or by gluing one side 
of the specimen. The sheets are then inclosed in thick 
double sheets of heavy manila paper called genus-covers. 
Each genus-cover contains a single genus, unless this is too 
large. Where the species of a genus are very numerous, 
they are placed in thin covers, called species-covers. The 
name of the genus or species -is written in the left-hand 
lower corner of the cover. The specimens are kept in 
cases, which consist of a series of compartments IS inches 
deep, 12 inches wide, and 6 or 6 inches high, the case hav- 
ing dust-tight doors. 
2. A book or other contrivance for preserving 
dried specimens of plants. 3. An edifice or 
place in which plants are preserved for botani- 
cal purposes. 
Herbaceous plants, plants which perish annually down 
to (sometimes including) the root; soft, succulent vege- 
tables. Of herbaceous plants, some are annual, perishing herbarizeti V. See herborize. 
stem and root every year; some are biennial, the roots sub- Herbartian (her-bar ' ti-an), a. and n. I. 
for many years 
every year. Herbaceous stem, a soft, not woody stem, 
herbage (er'- or her'baj), . [< F. herbage (= 
Pr. erbatge = Sp. herbaje = Pg. hervagem = It. 
erbaggio), < herbe, herb: see herb and -age.] 1. 
Herbaceous growth in general; vegetation; 
hence, pasturage ; pasture-plants, as grass and 
clover. 
The influence of true religion is mild, soft and noiseless, 
and constant, as the descent of the evening dew on the 
tender herbage. Buckminster. 
Vines, olives, herbage, forests disappear, 
And all the charms of a Sicilian year. 
Cowper, Heroism, L 23. 
Johann Friedrich Herbart (1776-1841), or to 
his system of philosophy. The philosophy of Her- 
bart is characterized by a view of formal logic which holds 
the conception of continuity (as well as various other fun- 
damental notions) to be self-contradictory. He main- 
tained that the metaphysically real is a plurality of sim- 
ple beings connected by real relationship consisting in a 
sort of attraction. He sought to express the fundamental 
principles of ontology and psychology by means of alge- 
braical formulae, whence his philosophy is sometimes 
called exact realism. The Herbartian philosophy has ex- 
' velopmen 
erted considerable influence upon the development of 
psychology in Germany. 
II. n. One who accepts the philosophical doc- 
trines of Herbart. 
2. In Eng. late, the liberty or right of pasture herbary (her'ba-ri), n.; pi. herbaries (-riz). 
in the forest or grounds of another man. [Also lierbery; in part < herb + -ery, but nit. 
herbaged (er'- or her'bajd), a. [< herbage + < LL. herbarium: see herbarium. Cf. OF. ker- 
-ed?.] Covered with herbage or grass. berie, botany.] A garden of herbs. 
