heretoforn 
O precious fleece ! which onely did adorn 
The sacred loyns of Princes heerto/orn. 
Sylvester, tr. of Du Bartas's Weeks, i. 5. 
heretogt, Same as hcretoga. 
heretogat, . [AS. (in ME. heretoge, heretowa, 
in ilL. and E. histories cited variously heretog, 
heretoch, etc.) (=OS. heritogo =OFries. hertoga, 
hertiga = D. hertog = MLG. hertoch, hertoge, 
hertege, hertich, hartoch, hartich = OHG. heri- 
zogo, MHG. herzoge, G. hcrzog, duke, = Icel. 
hertogi = Dan. hertiig = Sw. hertig), lit. ' army- 
leader,' < hero, army, + -toga, in eomp., a leader, 
< teon, pp. togen, draw, lead, = Goth, tiuhini = 
L. ducere, lead, > dux, > ult. E. duke, the equiv. 
of heretoga. The AS. teon is repr. in mod. E. 
by tow 1 and indirectly by tug and tuck 1 , the AS. 
pp. togen in wan-ton, q. v.] In Anglo-Saxon hist., 
the leader or commander of an army, or the 
commander of the militia in a district. 
Among the Saxons the Latin name of dukes, duces, is 
very frequent, and signified, as among the Romans, the 
commanders or leaders of their armies, whom in their 
own language they called Heretoga, and in the laws of 
Henry I. (as translated by Lambard) we find them called 
heretochii. Blaekitune, Com., I. xli. 
In A. D. 449, under two heretogas, Henglst and Horsa, 
the strangers came. Stubbii, Const. Hist., 32. 
hereunder (her-un'der), adv. [= G. hierunter = 
Dan. herunder = Sw. hdrunder; as here 1 + un- 
der.] Under this; under authority of or in ac- 
cordance with this. 
Any contract let hereunder will require the approval of 
the Municipal Assembly by ordinance. 
Elect. Rev. (Amer.), XIII. 12. 
hereunto (her-un'tp or -un-to'), adv. [< here 1 
+ unto.] Unto this; hereto. [Archaic.] 
For even hereunto were ye called. 1 Pet. ii. 21. 
hereupon (her-u-pon'), adv. [< here 1 + upon.] 
Upon this ; following or on account of this. 
I will hereupon confess I am in love. 
Shah., L. L. L., i. 2. 
herewith (her-wiTH' or -with'), adv. [=Dan. 
herved= Sw. lidrvid; < here 1 + with 1 . Cf. ME. 
hermid (mid, with).] With this. 
Prove me now herewith. Mai. iii. 10. 
There comes herewith a large Letter to you from your 
Father. Howell, Letters, I. vi. 24. 
herewithalt, adv. [ME.; < here 1 + withal.] 
Herewith. Chaucer. 
hereyeldt, . See heregild, 2. 
herfestt, . A Middle English form of harvest. 
Heriades (he-ri'a-dez), n. [NL. (Spinola, 1808), 
irreg. < Gr. i/Kov, wool.] A genus of bees, of the 
family Apid<e, having 2-jointed maxillary palpi, 
and the third joint of the labial palpi inserted in 
the side of the second. There are about 12 species, 
equally divided between Europe and North America. H. 
campanularum and II. carinatum are examples. 
heriet, *> * See herryV. 
heriert, . See herrier. 
heriot (her'i-ot), n. [Formerly also hariot, har- 
riot; < ME. heriet, i. e., *heryet, < AS. heregeatu, 
military equipment, as a technical term heriot, 
< here, army, -I- *geatu, only in pi. geatwa, geat- 
we, equipment, equipments, arms. The term 
was early extended from its lit. sense.] In Eng. 
law, a feudal service, tribute, or fine, as the best 
beast or other chattel, payable to the lord of the 
fee on the decease of the owner, landholder, or 
vassal. Originally the heriot consisted of military furni- 
ture, or of horses and arms, which went to equip the vas- 
sal's successor. Heriots from freeholders are now rare, but 
heriots from copyholders are not so. The distinction be- 
tween heriot and relief is that the former implies the im- 
mediate succession of the heir, who pays the heriot in rec- 
ognition of his having succeeded, and the latter is paid in 
recognition of the fact that the lord has recovered his 
ownership, but has consented to make, as it were, a new 
concession to the heir. Com pare farleu. 
What stranger soever dye in the lordshipe, the lord shall 
have his beast [best] beast for an harriot, or horse if he haue 
any. English Gilds (E. E. T. 8.), p. 433. 
2804 
"It was in my lease," said Bam, "to pay a mare-colt 
every year over and above my rent, besides a six-year old 
mare for a Harriet, whenever the new heir came in. " " He- 
riot, I suppose you mean, Sam." 
T. Winthrop, Edwin Brothertoft, fv. 
Heriot custom, a heriot due by a custom of the manor, 
which qualifies the legal relation of its lord and his ten- 
ants. Heriot service, a heriot due in respect of the par- 
ticular estate held, as on a special reservation in a grant 
or lease of lands. 
heriotable (her'i-ot-a-bl), a. [< heriot + -able.] 
Subject to the payment of a heriot. 
The tenants are chiefly customary and heriotable. 
Burn, Hist. Westmoreland and Cumberland, I. 174. 
herisse (he-ri-sa'), a. [F. herisst, bristled, 
bristly, pp. of herisser, bristle, < herisson, a 
hedgehog: see herisson.] In her., set with long 
sharp points like the prickles of a hedgehog. 
herisson (her'i-son), n. [< OF. herisson, heriyon, 
herichon (also ericon. ireyon, > ME. irchon, ur- 
chon, mod. E. urchin), F. herisson = Pr. erisso, 
hirisso = Sp. erizo = Pg. ourico, a hedgehog, a 
canting-wheel, a herisson (defs. 2, 3) ; ult. < L. 
ericius, a hedgehog. Herisson is thus a doublet 
of urchin: see urchin.] 1. In her., a hedgehog. 
2. In fort., a beam armed with iron spikes 
pointing outward, and turning on a pivot like a 
turnstile, used to defend a passage. 3. (a) A 
sort of wooden horse set with spikes or points, 
formerly used as a military punishment, the cul- 
prit being mounted upon it. (6) The punish- 
ment so inflicted. 
heritability (her"i-ta-bil'i-ti), . [< heritable : 
see -bility.] The state or'quality of being heri- 
table. Fallows. 
heritable (her'i-ta-bl), a. and n. [< OF. heri- 
table, contr. of hereditable, < ML. hereditabilis : 
see hereditable.] I. a. 1. Capable of being in- 
herited; inheritable; in Scots law, passing by 
inheritance to heirs at law: as, heritable rights 
or possessions, consisting of land and all things 
attached to or connected with it, and sometimes 
of other things made descendible by succession, 
in distinction from movable rights or property, 
consisting of things not so attached or descend- 
ible. 
And the kyng, by the counsel! of the queue his mother, 
did gyue hym cccc. markis sterlyngis of rent Iteritable, to 
hold of hym in fee, to be payed euery yere in the towne of 
Bruges. Berners, tr. of Froissart's Chron., I. xiv. 
2. Capable of inheriting or taking by descent. 
By the canon law this son shall be legitimate and heri- 
table. Sir M. Hale, Common Law. 
Hen<aWofficers who had fought against the prince were 
only suspended, not deposed, and the heirs of those slain 
were by special grace admitted to their estates. 
Eneyc. Brit., XXI. 496. 
Heritable bond. See bondi. Heritable security, se- 
curity constituted by heritable property. 
II. n. In Scots law, a possession or right which 
may be inherited, or which may descend by suc- 
cession. 
The heir or executor is liable only to the value of the 
succession, except where there has been vitious intromis- 
sion in movables, and in gestio pro herede and some other 
cases in heritable*. Encyc. Brit., XXIV. 674. 
heritably (her'i-ta-bli), adv. By way of inheri- 
tance ; so as to be capable of transmission by 
inheritance : as, to convey a property heritably. 
The Erie of Flaunders shulde heretably haue ye sayd 
profyte. ISernere, tr. of Froissart's Chron., I. cccxlviii. 
Brave Martell's sonne, great Charles, the pride of Fraunce, 
To plague the Pagans heritably borne. 
Stirling, Domes-day, Ninth Houre. 
heritage (her'i-taj), n. [< ME. heritage, eritage, 
< OF. lieritage (F. heritage = Pr. heretatge = 
OSp. heredage = It. ereditaggio), an inheritance, 
heritage, patrimony, < heriter, inherit, < LL. 
hereditare, inherit, < L. heres (hered-), heir: see 
heir, and cf . hereditable, inherit, etc.] 1. That 
which is inherited as a material possession ; an 
inheritance or inherited estate ; specifically, in 
Scots law, heritable estate; realty. 
The whiche is the same Lond that oure Lord behighten 
us in Heritage. Mandeville, Travels, p. 3. 
I ... will bring them again, every man to his heritage, 
and every man to his land. Jer. xii. 16. 
2. That which is given or received as a perma- 
nent possession or right ; that which is allotted 
or appropriated; hence, portion; part: used in 
the Bible for the chosen people, the body of 
saints, or the church, as God's portion of man- 
kind. 
Proceed we cheerely in our Pilgrimage 
Towards our happy promis'd Haeritage. 
Sylvester, tr. of Du Bartas's Weeks, ii., The Decay. 
This is the portion of a wicked man with God, and the 
heritage of oppressors, which they shall receive of the Al- 
mighty. Job xxviL 13. 
Spare thy people, O Lord, and give not thine heritage to 
reproach, that the heathen should rule over them. 
Joel ii. 17. 
hermandad 
While the hollow oak our palace is, 
Our heritage the sea. 
A. Cunningham, A Wet Sheet and a Flowing Sea. 
3. That which comes from the circumstances 
of birth ; a condition or quality transmitted by 
ancestors ; inherited lot or portion : as, a heri- 
tage of luxury, poverty, suftering, or shame. 
The people's charity was your heritage, and I would see 
which of you deserves his birthright. 
Beau, and Fl., Thierry and Theodoret, v. 1. 
Lord of himself that heritage of woe ! 
Byron, Lara, i. 2. 
To apprize a heritage. See apprize*. 
heritancet (her'i-tans), . [Early mod. E. hery- 
taunce; < OF. hcritance, heritage, < heriter, in- 
herit: see heritage.] Heritage; inheritance. 
And all the Countre of Troya ys the Turkes owen contre 
by herytaunce. Torkington, Diarie of Eng. Travell, p. 19. 
heritert, [< OF. hcritier, < L. hereditarius, an 
heir: see hereditary, heritage.] An heir. 
He helde ones hys cosyn germaine, the vicount of Cha- 
teau Bein, who is the heryter, eighte moneths in the toure 
of Orlaise in prison. 
Bernert, tr. of Froissart's Chron., II. xxiv. 
Heritiera (he-rit-i-e'ra), n. [NL. (Aiton, 1789), 
named after C. L. L' 'Heritier, a French botanist 
of the 18th century.] A genus of dicotyledo- 
nous plants, belonging to the natural order Ster- 
culiacece, tribe Sterculieie. It is characterized by iU 
small, reddish, imperfect, apetalous flowers, 5-toothed ca- 
lyx, staminal column bearing 6 anthers, and fruit consist- 
ing of 6 indehiscent 1 -seeded hard carpels. The genus con- 
sists of 4 or 6 species, handsome trees of considerable 
size, with entire alternate leaves, and flowers in axillary 
ricles, natives of the coasts of tropical Asia and Austra- 
H. littoralii is the red mangrove or sunder tree of 
India. It produces a valuable dark wood, used in India for 
boats, bridges, and house-building. //. macrophylla of 
Burma is the looking-glass tree, a name that is also applied 
to the other species. 
heritor (her'i-tpr), n. [A Latin-seeming form 
of heriter, ult. < L. hereditarius, hereditary: see 
heriter.] In Scots law, the proprietor of a her- 
itable subject ; a proprietor or landholder in a 
parish. 
If ony heritor or farmer wad pay him four punds Scots 
out of each hundred punds of valued rent, . . . Rob en- 
gaged to keep them scaithless. Scott, Rob Roy, xxvi. 
heritrix (her'i-triks), . [A Latin-seeming fern, 
to heritor.] A female heritor. 
herket, v. A Middle English form of hark. 
herknent, v. A Middle English form of harken. 
herkogamy, n. See hercogamy. 
herl (herl), n. Same as harl, 3. 
herling, hirling (her'ling), w. [Sc.; origin ob- 
scure. Cf. herring.] The young of the sea- 
trout. 
Sea trout, and river trout, and bull trout, . . . and her- 
lings, which frequent the Nith. Scott, Abbot, xxiv. 
hermae, n. Plural of hermes, 2. 
Hermaea (her- me 'a), n. [NL., < Gr. 'E 
of Hermes: see 
Hermes.] Agenus 
of sea-slugs, gas- 
tropods of the 
family jEolidida:, 
or giving name 
to the HermaAdv, Htrmaa 
having numerous 
gills and broad flattened or folded tentacles, as 
H. bifida. H. cruciata is a New England spe- 
cies. 
hermseid (her-me'id), n. A gastropod of the 
family Herm(eid(K. 
Hermaeidae (her-me'i-de), n. pi. [NL., < Her- 
mcea + -idce.~\ A family of nudibranchiate or 
notobranchiate gastropods, taking name from 
the genus Hermaia. 
Hermaic (her-ma'ik), a. [< Gr. 'EpfiaU6f, of or 
like Hermes : see Hermes.] 1 . Of or relating to 
Hermes or Mercury. Cudworth. 2. Of or per- 
taining to Hermes Trismegistus ; Hermetic: as, 
'Hermaic subtlety," W. Mathews, Getting on 
in the World, p. 124. 
Hermaical (her-ma'i-kal), a. [< Hermaie + 
-al.] Same as Hermaic. 
hermandad (er-man-dad'), n. [Sp., a brother- 
hood, < hermano, a brother, < L. germanm, kin- 
dred: see german 1 , germane.] In Spain, origi- 
nally, a voluntary organization (the Santa Her- 
mandad or Holv Brotherhood) for the main- 
tenance of public order. The first herroandad was 
formed in Aragon in the thirteenth century, and another 
in Castile and Leon a few years later, chiefly to resist the 
exactions and robberies of the nobles. They soon assumed 
general police and judicial powers, under royal sanction ; 
and at the end of the fifteenth century the organizations 
were united and extended over the whole kingdom. The 
hermandad was soon afterward reorganized as a regu- 
lar national police, which has been superseded in later 
times by a civic guard on the model of the French gen- 
darmerie. 
