hetero- 
hetero-. [NL., L., etc., liclero-, < Gr. hr/m-, 
combining form of trtpof, the other (one of 
two), also (put loosely for d/Xof, L. alius) an- 
other (of many), also other than usual, differ- 
ent; perhaps reduced from orig. *ai>-cpvr, (?) = 
Skt. antanis = Goth, unthar = E. other: see 
other 1 .'] An element in compound words of 
Greek origin or formation, meaning 'other' or 
'different': often opposed to homo-, 'same.' 
heteroblastic (het"e-ro-blas'tik), a. [< Gr. 
crepof, other, different, + /3/aorof, bud, germ.] 
Having a different histolpgical origin, as when 
cartilage arises from periosteal cells : opposed 
to homoblastie. 
This new cartilage is either homoblastic or heteroblantic. 
H. Qaiiow, Nature, XXXIX. 150. 
Heterobranchia (het^e-ro-brang'ki-a), n. pi. 
[NL., < Gr. crtpoc, other, different, + ppdyxto, 
gills.] In zool., a classificatory name used in 
various senses, (a) In Lamarck's system of classifica- 
tion (1801-12), the lower one of two orders of his class Cms- 
tacea, containing the branchiopods, isopods, amphipods, 
etc., as distinguished from the Homobranchia or decapod 
crustaceans, the cirripeds being placed in a different class. 
(If) A section of gastropods with the gills variously formed, 
exposed or only slightly covered by afold of the mantle, or 
contained in a closed lung-like cavity. The species ai'e her- 
maphroditic. The term was used by Gray for the Opixtho- 
branchiata, and was by Leuckart (184S) made one of six 
orders of the class Gasteropoda, (c) De Elainville's name 
(1825) for the tunicates or ascidians, as the fourth order of 
his Acephatophora or headless mollusks, divided into two 
families, Axcidiacea, or ordinary sea-squirts, and Salpacea, 
or salps. [Notinuse.J Also Heterobranchiata. 
heterobranchlate (het*e-ro-brang'ki-at), a. 
Pertaining to or having the characters of the 
Heterobranchia, in any sense. 
Heterocarpeae(het"e-ro-kar'pe-e), n.pl. [NL., 
< Gr. trcpof, other, different, -r napvof, fruit.] A 
class of algee established by Kutzing in 1843, in- 
cluding the tribes Trichoblasteae and Choristocar- 
pece. This classification has not been followed. 
heterocarpian (het'e-ro-kar'pi-an), a. Same 
as heterocarpous. 
heterocarpOUS (het"e-ro-kar'pus), a. [< Gr. 
erepika/OTOf, bearing 'different fruit, < erepof, 
other, different, + Kapir6<;, fruit.] In bot., bear- 
ing fruit of two sorts or shapes. 
heterocellular (het*e-ro-seru-lar), a. [< Gr. 
erepof, other, different, + NL. cellula, a cell : 
see cellula."] Consisting of unlike (that is, of 
variously differentiated or specialized) cells, as 
most animals : opposed to isocellular. 
heterocephalous (het"e-ro-sef'a-lus), a. [< 
Gr. erepof, other, different, + nt^aXij, head.] 
In bot., having some flower-heads male and 
others female in the same individual : applied 
principally in the Composita;. 
Heterocera (het-e-ros'e-ra), . pi. [NL., < Gr. 
irepof, other, different, 4- itepac;, horn.] A subor- 
der of Lepidoptera, founded by Boisduval (1840), 
containing the nocturnal lepidopters or moths : 
contrasted with Rhopalocera or butterflies. They 
are so named from the diversity in the forms of theanten- 
nee, which may be setaceous, fusiform, pectinate, or plu- 
mose, but are seldom if ever rhopalocerous or clubbed like 
those of butterflies. Leading forms of Hetf.rocera are the 
sphingids, bombycids, arctiids, noctuids, geometrids, py- 
ralids, tortricids, and tint-ills. The group corresponds to 
the Linnean generaSpAi'nz and Phalcena; it includes many 
families, among them those grouped as Miarotepidoptera. 
See moth. 
heterocerc (het'e-ro-serk), a. [< Gr. Ircpoc, 
other, different, + nepnof, tail.] Same as het- 
erocereal. 
heterocercal(het"e-ro-ser'kal), a. [< heterocerc 
Heterocercal Tail of Fish. 
+ -(tl.~\ In ichth., having an unequally divided 
tail or caudal fin. Contrasted with homocercal. 
heterocercality (het"e-ro-ser-kari-ti), . [< 
heterocercal + -ify.~\ Sarnie as heterocercy. Sci- 
ence, V. 341. [Rare.] 
Heterocerci (het"e-ro-ser'si), n. pi [NL. (Zit- 
tel, 1887), < Gr. ertpoc, other, different, + Kcpitaf, 
tail.] An order of ganoid fishes, including the 
families Pala-oniscida; and Platytsomidai : same 
as Lysopteri. 
hetefocercy (het'e-ro-ser"si), H. [< heterocerc 
+ -y.] The state' or quality of being hetero- 
2813 
cereal ; inequality of the lobes of the caudal 
fin: opposed to honiorcrry. 
Heteroceridae (liet"e-ro-ser'i-de), n. pi. [NL., 
< HeteroceruH + -ida:.] A family of clavicom 
beetles, typified by the genus Hetoroeertts. The 
dorsal segments of the abdomen are partly membranous, 
the first four ventral segments connate, the tarsi 4-jointed, 
the antenna) short and irregular, and the legs fossorial. 
MacLeay, 1826. 
heterocerous (het-e-ros'e-rus), a. [< NL. Hcte- 
rocerus, < Gr. erepof, other, different, + /cfyaf, 
horn.] Having diversiform antenna? ; pertain- 
ing to or having the characters of the Heterocera. 
Heterocerus (het-e-ros'e-rus), n. [NL. : see 
heterocerous."] The typical genus of Heteroce- 
rldai: so named from the irregularity of the 
11-jointedantennse, most of the joints of which 
form a club. The species are aquatic, burrowing in 
sand or mud along streams and in marshes by means of 
their strong fossorial legs. 
Heterochelae (het"o-ro-ke'le), n. pi. [NL., < Gr. 
fTepof, other, different, + xiW, a hoof, claw.] In 
Latreille's system of classification, a division of 
crabs, containing those whose claws are longer 
in the male than in the female : contrasted with 
Homochehe. It was composed of three tribes, 
Orbiculata, Irigona, and Hypophthalma. See 
these words. 
Heterochromeae (het'e-ro-kro'me-e), . pi. 
[NL.,< Gr. Tep6xpu/ioc, "of 'different color (see 
heterochromovs), + -ece."] A subtribe of Com- 
posita;, characterized by having the disk her- 
maphrodite and mostly fertile, the corolla yel- 
low or rarely cream-color, sometimes changing 
to purple, the rays not yellow, wanting in cer- 
tain species, and a naked receptacle. It includes 
Aster, Erigeron, Boltonia, and allied genera. 
heterochromous (hefe-ro-kro'mus), a. [< Gr. 
iTep6xpu/iof, of different color, < srepoc, other, 
different, -r xpu/ia, color.] In bot., having dif- 
ferent members unlike in color; also, having 
the florets of the center or disk different in color 
from those of the circumference or ray: ap- 
plied to a flower-head in the Composita;. 
heterochronia (het"e-ro-kro'ni-a), . [NL.] 
Same as heterochrony. 
Perls has suggested the use of the word heterotopia to 
designate a local heterology, and heterochronia a heterol- 
ogy in point of time, as when mucous tissue or cartilage 
develops in a place where it should normally only appear 
In the embryonic period. 
Buck's Handbook of Med. Sciences, III. 401. 
heterochronic (het"e-ro-kron'ik), a. [< hctcro- 
chron-ons + -ic.] Same as hcterochronous. 
heterochronism (het-e-rok'ro-nizm), 11. [< het- 
erochron-oits + -4sm.] " Same as heterochrony. 
heterochronistic (het"e-ro-kro-nis'tik), a. [< 
heterochron-ous + -ist + -ic.] Same as hete- 
rochronoiis. 
heterochronous (het-e-rok'ro-nns), a. [< Gr. 
erfp6xpovoc, of different times, < erepof, other, 
different, + ^poVof, time.] Appearing at dif- 
ferent times; not in genetic sequence; of or 
pertaining to heterochrony. 
heterochrony (het-e-rok'ro-ni),?j. [< NL. hete- 
rochronia, < Gr. erepoxpovof, of different times: 
see Jteterochronous.] In biol., a displacement, 
with reference to their order of appearance in 
time, of members of a genetically connected 
series, as of animal forms or organs ; a disar- 
rangement of the true ontogenetie sequence. 
Entire organs which, during the serial genesis of the 
type, came comparatively late, come in the evolving indi- 
viduulcomparativelysoon. This, which Prof. Haeckelhas 
called heterochrony, is shown us in the early marking out 
of the brain in a mammalian embryo, though in the lowest 
vertebrate animal no brain ever exists. 
H. Spencer, Prin. of Sociol., 233. 
Heterocladia (het"e-ro-kla'di-a), n. [NL.,< Gr. 
e-epof, other, different, + K/latJof, branch.] Amo- 
notypic genus of marine algce, placed by Agardh 
in the order Rhodomelea; tribe Dasyea!. H. - 
tralw, the only species, is a native of New Holland. It has 
flat fronds composed of three layers of loose cellular tissue. 
Heterocladieae (het"e-ro-kla-di'e-e), n. pi. 
[NL.. < Heterocladia + -ece."] 'A tribe of marine 
algse founded by Decaisne (1842), typified by 
the genus Heterocladia : placed by Agardh in 
the tribe Dasyece. See Heterocladia. 
heterocline (het'e-ro-klln), a. [< Gr. iTcpoc, 
other, different, -f KAivr/, bed (receptacle) : see 
clinic.'] In bot., producing the two kinds of 
heads on separate receptacles : nearly synony- 
mous with heterocephalous. 
heteroclital (het'e-ro-kll-tal), a. [< heteroclite 
+ -/.] Same s.s"heieroclite. 
heteroclite (het'e-ro-kllt), a. and n. [= F. he- 
teroclite = Sp. Pg. heteroclito = It. eteroclito, < 
LL. heteroclitun, < Gr. trep6K?uTo<;, irregularly in- 
flected, < erepuc, other, different, + "K/.ITUI; (in 
cornp.), verbal adj. of nMveiv, bend, incline, de- 
Heterodon 
dine, inflect, = E. lean 1 : see clinic and lean 1 .] 
I. . 1. In .gram. , irregular in inflection. Hence 
2. Deviating from ordinary forms or rules; 
irregular; anomalous. [Rare.] 
Sir Toby Matthews, one of those heteroclite animals who 
finds his place anywhere. 
Walpo/e, Anecdotes of Painting, II. iii. 
II. 11. 1. In gram., a word which is irregular 
or anomalous in declension or conjugation, or 
which deviates from the ordinary formsof inflec- 
tion in words of a like kind. It is applied par- 
ticularly to nouns having forms from different 
stems. Hence 2. A person or thing that de- 
viates from the regular or proper form. [Rare.] 
A substantial and severe collection of the heteroclites or 
irregulars of nature, well examined and described, I find 
not. Bacon, Advancement of Learning, ii. 121. 
There are strange heteroclites in religion nowadays. 
Howell, Letters, iv. 35. 
It is a just and general complaint that indexes for the 
most part are heteroclites I mean either redundant in 
what is needless, or defective in what is needfuL 
Fuller, Worthies, Norfolk. 
heteroclitic (het'e-ro-klit'ik), a. and n. [< het- 
eroclite + -ic.] iSame as heteroclite. 
heteroclitical (het*e-ro-klit'i-kal), a. [< hetero- 
clitic + -al.] Same as heteroclite. 
Of sins Tifteroclitical, and such as want either name or 
precedent, there is ofttimes a sin even in their histories. 
Sir T. Brouiie, Vulg. Err., viL 19. 
heteroclitous (het-e-rok'li-tus), a. [< LL. hete- 
roclitus : see heteroclite.] Same as heteroclite. 
heterocyst (het'e-ro-sist), n. [< Gr. erepof, oth- 
er, different, + nvorif, a bag, pouch.] In bot., 
one of a class of abnormal cells found in algaa 
of the order Nostoeacew. in the genus Nostoc, which 
may be taken as the type, the plants consist of rounded 
cells, loosely joined together in filaments, and usually 
embedded in a glutinous jelly. At irregular intervals in 
the filaments certain larger clear cells, the heterocysts, -are 
produced. These heterocysts have differently colored wa- 
tery cell-contents, and seem incapable of further develop- 
ment. They are probably connected iu some way with 
reproduction, but their real nature is unknown. Accord- 
ing to Farlow ("Marine Algae of New England," p. 180), the 
term has been wrongly applied to certain of the basal cells 
of some of the species of Melobesia, the organs not being 
homologous. 
heterodactyL heterodactyle (het'e-ro-dak'- 
til), a. [< NL. heterodactylus, < Gr. erepof, other, 
different, + SA/trvAof, a finger or toe.] Having 
the digits irregular or peculiar in size, form, or 
position. Also heterodactylous. 
Heterodactylae (hefe-ro-dak'ti-le), . pi. 
[NL., fern. pi. of heterodactyhts : see heterodac- 
ti/l.] In oniitli., a group of picarian birds, dis- 
tinguished from all other zygodactyl birds by 
having the second instead of the fourth toe 
reversed ; the trogons, of the family Trogonidce, 
considered as a superfamily. Sclater, 1880. 
Heterodactyli(het"e-ro-dak'ti-li), n. pi. [NL., 
pi. of hetcrodactylus : see heterodactyl.] 1. In 
Blyth's system of classification (1849), the third 
division of his Strepitores, divided into the Tro- 
gonoides and Cypseloides, the former consisting 
of the trogons alone, the latter of the goatsuck- 
ers, swifts, and humming-birds. 2. Same as 
Heterodactyla: See heteropelmom. 
heterodactylous (het"e-ro-dak'ti-lus), a. [< 
NL. heterodaciylus : see heterodactyl."] 1. Same 
as heterodactyl. 2. In ornith., having that ar- 
rangement of the digits which is peculiar to 
trogons; of or pertaining to the Heterodactyli. 
Heterodactylus (het"e-ro-dak'ti-lus), n. [NL. : 
see heterodactyl.] 1 . A genus of reptiles. Sp-ix, 
1825. 2. A genus of coleopterous insects. 
Gucrin, 1841. 
Heterodermea3(het // e-ro-der'me-e), n.pl. [NL., 
< Gr. irepof, other, different, + itpfia, skin, + 
-ets.~\ An order of the Myxomyeetes or slime- 
molds, proposed by Rostafinski in 1873. They 
are characterized by having the sporangia without capil- 
litium, columella, or lime ; the sporangium-wall delicate, 
and the spores and thickenings of the inner wall in one 
and the same sporangium usually of uniform color. 
Heterodon (he-ter'o-don), . [NL., < Gr. Ire- 
/Mf, other, different,'-!- odoi-f (ooWr-) = E. tooth.] 
1. A genus of 
innocuous co- 
lubriform ser- 
pents, having 
the rostral 
plate enlarged 
and recurved. 
. 
There are several 
North American 
species, chiefly 
known as Ao.7- 
nosed siiakez, ' as 
H. nimus or H. 
platyrhinus. They 
are unsightly 
blotched reptiles, Hog-nosed Snake (Httrrmbn plalyrkima}. 
