heterogonous 
flowers as are dimorphic or trirnorphic in regard 
to the relative length of stamens and pistils. 
These flowers were first called diaecio-diinttrphic by Torrey 
and Gray, in their "Flora of North America." Darwin, 
who was the first to interpret correctly the meaning, first 
termed this kind of blossom simply diiorphie(Jour. Linn. 
Sue. l,ond., 1862-77), but later, in 1877, in his "forms of 
Flowers, "he adopted Ilildebrand's epithet heteroslyled for 
It. These terms are, however, objectionable, since the 
differences affect the androecium, and even the pollen, as 
well as the style. Sometimes also heterogeneous, hetero- 
gone. Heterogonous dimorphism, the production of 
two kinds of hermaphrodite flowers by different individ- 
uals of the same species, the flowers being essentially simi- 
lar except in the andrfficium and gynoecium, but these re- 
ciprocally ditlerentin length or height, and the adaptations 
such that, by the agency of insects, the pollen from the 
stamens of the one sort reciprocally fertilizes the stigma 
of the other. This dimorphism has been detected in about 
40 genera, belonging to 14 or 15 natural orders, widely scat- 
tered through the vegetable kingdom. Gray, Struct. Bot. , 
p. 234. Heterogonous trimorpnism, a threefold het- 
erogonism that is, the occurrence in flowers of three re- 
ciprocally relative lengths of stamens and pistils. " The 
three forms may be conveniently called, from the unequal 
length of their pistils, the long-styled, mid-styled, and 
short-styled. The stamens also are of unequal length, 
and these may be called the longest, mid-length, and 
shortest." Darwin, Forms of Flowers, p. 138. 
heterogony (het-e-rog'o-ni), n. [As heterogo- 
nous + -y.] Same "as heterogonism. See heterog- 
onous. 
heterographic (hefe-ro-grafik), a. [< hete- 
rography T -ic.] Of or pertaining to heterog- 
raphy. 
heterography (het-e-rog'ra-fi), . [< Gr. erepof, 
other, different, + -ypafyia, < ypdfciv, write.] 
Heterogeneous spelling; the use of the same 
letter or letters with different powers in differ- 
ent positions or in different words, as of c in call 
and cell, otiyli in rough, dough, and hough, etc. 
Heterogyna (het-e-roj'i-na), n. pi. [NIj.,neut. 
pi. of neterogytms : see heterogynous.] 1. In 
Latreille's system of classification, the first fam- 
ily of aculeate hymenopterous insects, the ants : 
so called from the two or three kinds of individ- 
uals, as males, females, and neuters: nearly 
equivalent to the modern families Formici- 
dce, Dorylidce, Poneridce, Myrmicidce, Odontoma- 
chidte, and Mutillida. 2. A group of fosso- 
rial hymenopterous insects, or digger-wasps, 
consisting of the families MntillidtK and Sco- 
liidce, thus together contrasted with Fossores 
proper. 
heterogynal (het-e-roj'i-nal), a. [As heterogy- 
nous + -al.] Same as heterogynous. 
heterogynous (het-e-roj'i-nus), a. [< NL. hete- 
rogynus, < Gr. erepof, other, different, + ybvn, 
female.] Having the females of two different 
kinds, one sexual, the other abortive or neuter, 
as the ants ; specifically, pertaining to or hav- 
ing the characters of the Heterogyna. 
hcteroideous (het-e-roi'de-us), a. [< Gr. erepo- 
<%, of another form or' kind, < ircpo^, other, 
different, + el6of, form.] Diversified in form. 
[Rare.] 
Heterolepidffi (het'e-ro-lep'i-de), n. pi. [NL., 
< Heterolepis + -idle.] In Gunthers classifi- 
cation of fishes, same as Chiridw or Hexagram- 
midce. 
heterologous (het-e-rol'o-gus), a. [< Gr. 
other, different, +"/,dyof, proportion, relation. 
Cf. heterology.] 1. Containing or consisting 
of different elements or combinations ; not ho- 
mologous. 
Homologous forms may occur in parallel series which 
. . . can be called heterologous in their own series. 
Hyatt, Proc. Host. Soc. Nat. Hist., XXIII. 117. 
Specifically 2. In med. t consisting of a tis- 
sue not normally found in that place at that 
period of life : as, a heterologous tumor. 
The more malignant heterologous tumors were attrib- 
uted to a change in the blood. 
Buck's Handbook of Med. Sciences, III. 401. 
heterology (het-e-rol'o-ji), . [As heterolo- 
gous + -y.] Abnormality; want or absence of 
homology or true morphological affinity ; struc- 
tural difference from a type or normal standard. 
Thus, cancer-cells exhibit heterology in compar- 
ison with healthy tissues. 
Perls has suggested the use of the word heterotopia to 
designate a local heterology, and heterochronia a heterol- 
ogy in point of time, as when mucous tissue or cartilage 
develops in a place where it should normally only appear 
in the embryonic period. 
Buck's Handbook of Med. Sciences, III. 401. 
heteromallqus (het"e-ro-marus), a. [< Gr. i-re- 
pof, other, different, + /laXAdf, a lock of wool.] 
In bot., having the leaves or branches turned 
in different directions, like the fibers of wool : 
applied to mosses. [Rare.] 
heteromastigate (het"e-ro-mas'ti-gat), a. [< 
Gr. ercpoc, other, different, + udoTi$ (fiaarty-), a 
2815 
whip, flagellum, + -ate 1 .] Having flagella of 
different kinds, a tractellum and a gubernacu- 
lum, as an inf usorian : distinguished from iso- 
mastigate. 
Heterbmastigidae (het"e-ro-mas-tij'i-de), n. pi. 
[NL., < Heteromastix (-tiij-j + -idie.] A family 
of cilioflagellateinfusorians, represented by the 
genus Heteromastix. They have a short adoral fringe 
of cilia, one trailing and one vibratile flagellum, and a 
distinct anterior mouth close to the bases of the flagella. 
These animalcules are illoricate and free-swimming, plas- 
tic and changeable in form, and inhabit fresh water. The 
family has also been raised to the rank of an order named 
Heteroiiuustigoda. 
Heteromastix (het"e-ro-mas'tiks), n. [NL., < 
Gr. crcpof, other, different, + pdaTtt-, a whip, 
scourge.] 1. A genus of coleopterous insects. 
Boheman, 1858. 2. The typical genus of Hete- 
romttstigida, having a fringe of cilia along the 
ventral surface. H.proteiformis is an example. 
N. James Clark, 1868. 
Heteromeles (hefe-ro-me'lez), n. [NL., < Gr. 
erepof, other, different, + jifi~M>v, apple.] A nion- 
otypic genus of plants, belonging to the natural 
order Bosacete, and allied to Pyrus and Cra tcegus. 
The single species, H. arbutifolia, is a shrub or small tree, 
with simple, coriaceous, dark, shining, evergreen, sharply 
serrate leaves, and white flowers in terminal corymbose 
panicles. It is very ornamental, from the contrast between 
the abundant bright-red fruit and the dark shining foliage. 
It is common in the coast ranges of California from Men- 
docino county to San Diego, and east to the Sierra Nevada, 
and is known as the tolon and the California holly. The 
wood is dark reddish-brown in color, very heavy, hard, and 
close-grained, and susceptible of a beautiful polish. 
Heteromera (het-e-rom'e-ra), n. pi. [NL., < 
Gr. erepofiepi/f, unequal: see heteromerous.] In 
Latreille's system of classification, a subordinal 
group of Coleoptcra. It includes those beetles which 
have 6 tarsal joints of the first and second pair of legs, and 
only 4 such joints of the third pair, and is divided into 
Metasoma, Taxicornet, Stenelytra, and Trachelides. A la- 
ter division of the Heteromera, by Westwood, is into Tra- 
chelida and Atrachelia. Leading families of the former 
are Meloidce, Stylopidce, and Anthicidce; most of the lat- 
ter division consists of the Tenebrionidce. 
heteromeran (het-e-rom'e-ran), n. One of the 
Heteromera; a heteromerbus beetle. 
Heteromeri (het-e-ro-me'rl), n. pi. [NL., < 
Gr. erepof, other, different, + /aipAf, thigh.] In 
ornith., in Garrod and Forbes's arrangement, a 
division of mesomyodian passeres, including 
the families Cotingidie and Pipridie, in which 
the femoral artery is developed contrary to the 
rule in birds : opposed to Homoeomeri. 
heteromeric (het"e-ro-mer'ik), a. [As Hetero- 
meri + -ic.] Of or pertaining to the Heteromeri; 
having the disposition of the femoral artery as 
in the Heteromeri. 
heteromerons (het-e-rom'e-rus), a. [Cf. Hete- 
romera ; < Gr. erepo/iepqf, unequal, < erepot;, other, 
different, + fiepof, a part.] Diversiform; vari- 
ously composed ; having a heterologous compo- 
sition; consisting of he teronomous parts. Specifi- 
cally (a) In entom., having a different number of joints 
in the different pairs of tarsi ; pertaining to or having the 
characters of the Heteromera. (b) In them., unrelated as 
to chemical composition, (c) In bot. : (1) Of flowers, hav- 
ing the members of adjoining cycles unequal in number. 
(2) Of lichens, having the gonidia or algal cells disposed 
within the thallus in one or more distinct layers, thus pro- 
ducing a stratification : opposed to homceomerous. 
The heteromerottR thallus occurs in the large majority 
of species, and displays in fact a structure the main fea- 
tures of which can be clearly defined. 
De Bary, Fungi (trans.), p. 402. 
Heterometabola (het"e-ro-me-tab'o-la), n.pl. 
[NL., < Gr. CTjjoof, other, different, +'NL. Meta- 
bola, q. v.] A division of insects, including the 
Hemiptera,Orthoptera, Psendoneuroptera, IVtyso- 
poda, and Tliysanura, which differ in their meta- 
morphoses, but none of which show complete 
changes from larva to pupa and imago : in con- 
tradistinction to the Metabola, which undergo 
complete metamorphosis. Also called Homo- 
morpha. Packard. 
heterometabolous (het"e-ro-me-tab'o-lus), a. 
[As Heterometabola + -otis.] Pertaining to the 
Heterometabola; characterized by varying met- 
amorphosis. 
Heteromita (het-e-rom'i-ta), n. [NL., < Gr. 
erepof, other, different, + prof, thread.] The 
typical genus of infusorians of the family Hete- 
romitidte, of ovate form, without ventral groove. 
They are very numerous in infusions of animal or vege- 
table matter in either fresh or salt water. H. Irns is one 
of the longest-known animalcules, having been described 
as Monatt lens by Miiller in 1786. There are many others. 
Heteromitidae (het"e-ro-mit'i-de), n. pi. [NL., 
< Heteromita + -i<te.] A family of flagellate 
infusorians, represented by the genus Hetero- 
mita. They are naked, free or attached, with 
flagella distinct or united at the base, and the 
body ovate or elongate. 
heteronomic 
heteromorph (het'e-ro-morf), . One of the 
//< tfromorplitp, as th'e hoactzin. 
Heteromorpha (hefe-ro-mor'ta), n.pl. [NL., 
neut. pi. oilieteromorphus: seell'eteromorphous.'] 
A series of hexapod insects which undergo true 
and complete metamorphosis ; the Metabola, in- 
cluding Coleoptera, Lepidoptera, Diptera, Neu- 
roptera, and Hymenoptera : opposed to Homo- 
morpha. 
Heteromorphse (het"e-ro-mor'fe), n. pi. [NL., 
fern. pi. of heteromorplius : see heteromorphous.] 
1. A group of lepidopterous insects. Hubner, 
1816. 2. In Huxley's classification of birds, 
a superfamily group established for the recep- 
tion of the hoactzin, Opisthocomus cristatus: a 
synonym of Opisthoeomi. 
heteromorphic (het"e-ro-m6r'fik), a. [As hete- 
romorph-ous + -ic.] "l. Deviating in form from 
a given type or standard; of irregular, abnor- 
mal, or unusual structure or composition. 2. 
In entom., undergoing entire transformation or 
complete metamorphosis; metabolous; specifi- 
cally, pertaining to or having the characters of 
the Heteromorpha or Heteromorphce. 
Also heteromorphous. 
heteromorphism (het'e-ro-mor'fizm), n. [As 
heteromorpn-ous + -ism.~\ The state or char- 
acter of being heteromorphic ; deviation from 
a type or norm, or from congruity. Specifically 
(a) In entom., existence under different forms at succes- 
sive stages of development : the result of transformation 
or metaboly. Thus, an insect exhibits heteromorphism 
when it is a pupa or larva, before it becomes an imago. 
(6) In bot., the property of having flowers differing from 
one another in the nature of their reproductive organs. 
See heterogonous. (c) In crystal., that property sometimes 
observed in compounds of crystallizing in different forms, 
though containing equal numbers of atoms similarly 
grouped, as in the case of the hydrous sulphates of zinc 
and ferrous iron, the former crystallizing in the ortho- 
rhombic, the latter in the monoclinic system. 
heteromorphite (hefe-ro-mor'fit), n. [As het- 
eromorph-ous + -ite 2 .J A variety of the min- 
eral jamesonite. 
heteromorphous (het"e-ro-m6r'fus), a. [< NL. 
heteromorplius, < Gr. ' Tep6/iop(t>of, of another 
form, < ercpof, other, different, + p.op$ii, form.] 
Same as heteromorphic Heteromorphous palpi, 
in entom. , those palpi in which the two intermediate joints 
are much larger than the first or hist. 
heteromorphy (het'e-ro-m6r-fi), . [As hetero- 
morph-ous + -i/.] Heteromorphism; specifical- 
ly, as used by teratologists, deformity in plants. 
Heteromya (het-e-rom'i-a), n.pl. [NL., < Gr. 
trcpof, other, different, + p.vf , a mussel, muscle, 
mouse, = E. mouse."] An order of bivalve or la- 
mellibranch mollusks, in which the anterior or 
pallial adductor is much smaller than the pos- 
terior or pedal adductor, and in which siphons 
are seldom developed: distinguished from Iso- 
mya and Monomya. The mussels are a familiar 
example. 
Heteromyaria(het*'e-ro-mi-a'ri-a),M.i>/. [NL., 
as Heteromya + -aria.] A group of acephalous 
conchiferous mollusks, including the Mytilidee, 
or mussels and related forms: distinguished 
from Dimyaria and Monomyaria. 
heteromyarian (het"e-ro-mi-a'ri-an), a. Per- 
taining to or having tile characters of the Hete- 
romyarla. 
Heteromyinae (het"e-ro-mi-l'ne), n. pi. [NL., 
< Heteromi/s + -ino;.] A subfamily of Sacco- 
myidce, typified by the genus Heteromys ; the 
spiny pocket-mice. They are characterized by the 
combination of rooted molars, broad smooth upper in- 
cisors, lack of inflation of the temporal region of the skull, 
and by the presence of external cheek-pouches and flat- 
tened spines in the pelage. Cottes, 1877. 
Heteromys (he-ter'o-mis), n. [NL., < Gr. ere- 
pof, other, different,' + ^6f = E. mouse.] The 
typical and only genus of Heteromyirue, contain- 
ing several species of pocket-mice of the warmer 
parts of America, resembling PerognaOius, but 
with plain incisors and spinose pelage. H. ano- 
malus of Trinidad, about the size of a common 
rat, is an example. Desmarest, 1804. 
Heteronemeaet (hefe-ro-ne'me-e), n. pi. [NL., 
< Gr. erepof, other, different, -f- vijfia, a thread, 
+ -em.] A name applied by Fries to the higher 
cryptogams, such as the ferns, which were re- 
garded as having a more complicated genera- 
tion than the lower cryptogams. 
heteronemous (het"e-ro-ne'mus), a. [As Hete- 
roncm-ece + -ous.~] Resembling or of the nature 
of the Heteronemea;. 
heteronomic (het"e-ro-nom'ik), a. [As heteron- 
om-ous + -ic.] Of unlike or opposite polarity: 
applied to contact of parts of the human body 
in experiments in animal magnetism : opposed 
to isonomic. 
