.Branch and Fniit of Hickory 
}. a, male flower; f>. female 
hickock 
hickockt (hik'ok), n. [Also hickcock, hichcock; 
a varied redupl. of kic, hiek& (cf. Pers. hikuk, 
hukkuk) : see 
hie, InckS, hic- 
cup.] Same as 
hiccup. 
The voice is lost 
in hickocks, and the 
breath is stilled 
with sighs. 
Howell, Parly of 
[Beasts, p. S). 
hickol (hik'ol), 
n. See hickwall. 
hickory (hik'q- 
ri), .; pi. hick- 
ories (-riz). 
[Formerly also 
hiccory, and in 
earlier form 
pohickery; an 
Amer. Ind. 
name. Another 
Ind.nameisfcfs- 
katom, q. v.] 1. 
A North Amer- 
ican tree be- 
longing to the genus Carya, of the natural or- 
der Juglandete. It has alternate pinnate leaves, no 
stipules, and monoecious flowers, the sterile in catkins, the 
fertile solitary or in small clusters or spikes. The fruit 
is a dry drupe with a bony nut-shell, containing a large 
4-lobed' orthotropous seed. See Carya. 
Popler, Plum, Crab, Oake, and Apple tree, 
Yea, Cherry, and tree called Pohickery. 
J. Ferrar, Reformed Virginia Silk Worm (1663). 
Loud the black-eyed Indian maidens laugh, 
That gather, from the nestling heaps of leaves, 
The hickory's white nuts. Bryant, The Fountain. 
3. The wood of this tree. It is heavy, strong, and 
flexible, and very valuable, being used for a great variety 
of purposes. That of the shagbark or shellbark is the 
most valuable. 
hickory-acacia (hik'o-ri-a-ka'shia), n. A tall 
shrub or small tree, Acacia leprosa, of the nat- 
ural order Leguminosie, a native of New South 
Wales. The heart-wood is reddish-brown in 
color, takes a good polish, and is used for fur- 
niture. 
hickory-elm (hik'o-ri-elm), n. See elm. 
hickory-eucalyptiis (hik'o-ri-u-ka-lip'tus), n. 
Eucalyptus punctata, a native of New South 
Wales, a beautiful tree attaining a height of 
100 feet or more. The wood is of a light-brown color, 
hard, tough, and very durable, and is used for wheel- 
wrights' work, ship-building, etc. 
hickory-girdler (hik'o-ri-ger"dler), n. A longi- 
corn beetle, Oncideres cingulatus, which girdles 
the twigs of hickories and some other trees in 
the United States. See girdler, 3, and cut un- 
der twig-girdler. 
hickory -head (hik'o-ri-hed), n. The ruddy 
duck, hardhead, or toughhead, Erismatura ru- 
bida. G. Trmnbull. [New Jersey, U. S.] 
hickory-nut (hik'o-ri-nut), . The nut of the 
hickory. The hickory-nut is inclosed in a thick firm 
husk, which at maturity opens spontaneously by four 
seams. The meat of the better kinds is delicately flavored, 
and yields a large amount of fine oil. 
Year after year hundreds and thousands of bushels of 
the shell-barks, the hickory-nuts par excellence, have been 
gathered in various parts of the country. 
Pop. Sn. Mo., XXX. 71. 
hickory-pine (hik'o-ri-pin), . On the Pacific 
coast, Pinus Balfouriana, variety aristata; in the 
eastern United States, P. pnngens. See Pinus. 
hickory-shad (hik'o-ri-shad), n. Same as giz- 
zard-shad. 
hickory-shirt (hik'o-ri-shert), n. A coarse and 
durable shirt worn by laborers, made of heavy 
twilled cotton with a narrow blue stripe or a 
check. [U. S.] 
hickott, n. See hicket. 
hickscornert (hik'skor-ner), n. [Also written 
hicscorner; so called from a character in an in- 
terlude under this title printed by Wynken de 
Worde, represented as a libertine who scoffs at 
religion. See hick 2 ."} A scoffer, especially at 
religious things. 
What is more common in our days than, when such h ick- 
scorners will be merry at their drunken banquets, to fall 
in talk of some one minister or other'.' PiVdngton. 
Hicksite (hik'sit), . [< Hicks (see def.) + 
-ite 2 .] A member of a seceding body of Friends 
or Quakers, followers of Elias Hicks, formed in 
the United States in 1827, and holding Socinian 
doctrines. See Society of Friends, under friend. 
hickupt, and r. See hiccup. 
hickwall (hik'wal), n. [Also in numerous oth- 
er forms, as kickwal, hickwell, hickhall, hickol, 
hickle, equal, eaqual, ecall, ecle, eccle, eikle, ickle, 
178 
2823 
icwell, yuckel, yockel, and, with an intermediate 
form hickway, hicway, hecco, in another type 
lifii/lunr, /lif/litnre, liighhaw, highhoe, heyhoe, as 
well as in the accom. forms hen-hole, formerly 
liit/iole, hewel, etc. (see hewhole), highhole, high- 
Imlder. The syllable hick- is perhaps orig. due 
to hack 1 , and -wall to -wall in woodwall, vitwall, 
the bird being also known as wood-hacker and 
ipoodicall. Cf . Florio's definition of It. picchio : 
"a knocke, a pecke, a clap, a iob, a snap, a 
thumpe or great stroke, also a bird called a 
wood nacker, a wood wall, a wood pecker, a tree 
iobber, a hickway, a iobber, spight, a snapper." 
The form heighaw (heyhoe, etc.) appears to be 
imitative of the woodpecker's harsh laughing 
cry (cf. ha-ha^, haw-haw^, heehaw, heigh-ho). 
Popular bird-names are subject to imitative 
variation.] 1. A woodpecker: now applied es- 
pecially to the little spotted woodpecker, Picus 
minor, and to the green woodpecker or popin- 
jay, Gecinus viridis, both of Europe. 
Those carpenter fowls, the hickwalls, 
Who with their beaks did hack the gates out workmanly : 
And of their hacking the like sound arose 
As in a dockyard. Cory, tr. of Aristophanes' Birds, p. 109. 
2. The little blue titmouse, Parus cceruleus. 
[Prov. Eng. in both senses.] 
hickwayt (hik'wa), n. Same as hickwall. 
hid, p. a. See hidden. 
hidage (hi'daj), n. [= OF. (Law F.) hidage, 
< ML. hidagium ; as hide 3 + -age."] 1. A tax 
formerly paid to the kings of England for every 
hide of land. 
All the king's supplies, made from the very beginning of 
his raigne, are particularly againe and opprobriously re- 
hersed, as ... Carucage, Hydage, Escuage, Escheates, 
Amercements, and such like. Daniel, Hist. Eng., p. 136. 
The cities and towns not within the scope of the hidage 
paid by way of auxilium or aid. 
S. Dowell, Taxes in England, 1. 41. 
2. The assessed value or measurement of an 
estate for this purpose. 
hidalgism (hi-dal'jizm), n. [< hidalgo + -ism.'] 
The spirit and conduct characteristic of the 
class of hidalgos in Spain. See hidalgo. [Bare.] 
His [Cervantes's] main purpose was ... to show by an 
example pushed to absurdity the danger of hidalgism. 
Encyc. Brit., XXII. 358. 
hidalgo (hi-dal'go), n. [Sp., generally ex- 
plained, according to a popular etymology, as 
standing for hijo de algo, ' son of something ' 
(hijo, sou; de, of; algo, something, anything, < 
L. aliquid, aliquod, something) ; but this is 
wrong, OSp. Pg. fidalgo standing for Jijo dal- 
go, < L. filius Italicus, lit. 'Italian son,' i. e. 
adopted Roman citizen, one upon whom the 
jusltalicum, or right of Roman citizenship, was 
conferred; Sp. hijo, OSp. fijo, < L. filius, son: 
see filial.] In Spain, a man belonging to the 
lower nobility; a gentleman by birth. The spe- 
cial privileges formerly possessed by the hidalgos (among 
which was the exclusive right to the appellative Don) 
made them as a class self-important, haughty, and domi- 
neering, though many of them were not otherwise distin- 
guished from the class below them. These privileges were 
abrogated on the establishment of constitutional govern- 
ment. 
The knights and hidalgos are an intermediate order be- 
tween the great nobility and the people. 
Prescott, Ferd. and Isa., Int. 
hidden, hid (hid'n, hid), p. a. [< ME. hid, hidd, 
Ited, hud, yhid, ihud, pp. of hiden, hide : see hide 1 . 
The pp. is prop, hid, like chid, contr. weak pp., 
the appar. strong forms hidden, chidden, being 
conformed to orig. strong pp. forms like ridden, 
bidden. See h ide 1 .] 1. Concealed; placed in 
secrecy. 
If thou scekest her [wisdom) as silver, and searchest for 
her as for hid treasures. Prov. ii. 4. 
Hidden lamps in old sepulchral urns. 
Cowper, Conversation, 1. 368. 
2. Secret; unseen; mysterious. 
Commaunde $e that dineris and sopers priuely in hid 
plase be not had. Babees Book (E. E. T. S.), p. 331. 
To him that overcometh will I give to eat of the hidden 
manna. Rev. ii. 17. 
The melting voice through mazes running, 
Untwisting all the chains that tie 
The hidden soul of harmony. 
Milton, L' Allegro, 1. 144. 
Hidden antenna, in entom., antennee which in repose 
are concealed in hollows under the head or thorax, as in 
many Coleuptera. Hidden consecutives. Same AS cov- 
ered conmcutives (which see, under consecutive). Hid- 
den fifths. See fifth. Hidden octave. See octave. 
=8yn. Covert, occult, recondite, profound, abstruse, ob- 
scure, latent, private, dormant, clandestine, close, un- 
known. 
hidden-eyed (hid'n-Id), a. In zool., having 
the eyes covered by a hood: the opposite of 
naked-eyed: as, the hidden-eyed medusans. 
hiddeni'te (hid'n-It), H. [Named after W. E. 
Bidden.] A transparent emerald-green or yel- 
hide 
lowish-green variety of spodumene, found in 
North Carolina in small crystals of prismatic 
habit. It is highly esteemed as a gem. Also 
called lithia emerald, in allusion to its compo- 
sition and color. 
hiddenly (hid'n-li),adr. In a hidden or secret 
manner. 
These things have I hiddenly spoke, and yet not so se- 
cretly but that they might very well take notice of it. 
u'ell, The Schisme, vi. 
hiddenness (hid'n-nes), . The state of being 
hidden or concealed. [Rare.] 
There is, in every man, the flre, and light, and love of 
God, though lodged in " a state of hiddenness and inac- 
tivity," till something human or Divine discover its life 
within us. Chalmers, Int. to Imitation of Christ, p. 36. 
hidden-veined (hid'n-vand), a. In bot., having 
invisible veins, as the leaves of pinks and 
houseleeks. See hyphodrome. 
hide 1 (hid), v. ; pret. hid, pp. hidden, hid, ppr. 
hiding. [< ME. hiden, hyden, huden (pret. hidde, 
hydde, hudde, pp. hid, hud, etc.), < AS. hydan 
(pret. hydde, pp. hyded, pi. coiitr. hydde), laiAe, 
conceal, = MLG. hoden, huden, LG. hiiden, Men, 
ver-huden, ver-hiien, hide, cover, conceal (also 
keep, heed, being partly merged in hiiden, 
hoden = AS. hedan, E. heed 1 , q. v. ) ; prob. .= Gr. 
KevOeiv, hide, = W. cuddio, hide, conceal. Cf. 
L. custos (for *cudtos1), a guard, protector: see 
custody. Connected ult. with hide 2 , q. v.] I. 
trans. 1. To conceal from sight; prevent from 
being seen; cover up: as, to hide one's face; 
to hide a stain or a scar. 
The Sunne for shame did hide himselfe from so mon- 
strous sight of a cowardly calamity. 
Capt. John Smith, True Travels, I. 27. 
Till love, victorious o'er alarms, 
Hid fears and blushes in his arms. 
Scott, Marmion, iii. 16. 
A huge town, continuous and compact, 
Hiding the face of earth for leagues. 
Wordsworth, Excursion, viii. 
2. To conceal from discovery; secrete; put in 
a place of security or safety : as, to hide money. 
He is a flying enemye, hiding himselfe in woodes and 
bogges. Spenser, State of Ireland. 
In the time of trouble he shall hide me in his pavilion. 
Ps. xxvii. 5. 
There is a field, through which I often pass, . . . 
Where oft the bitch-fox hidex her hapless brood. 
Cowper, Needless Alarm. 
3. To conceal from knowledge or cognizance ; 
keep secret ; hold back from avowal or disclo- 
sure ; suppress : as, to hide one's feelings. 
Tell me now what thou hast done ; hide it not from me. 
Josh. vii. 19. 
With much of Pain, and all the Art I knew, 
Have I eudeavour'd hitherto 
To hide my Love, and yet all will not do. 
Cotvley, The Mistress, Love's Invisibility. 
No man ever hid his vice with greater caution than he 
does his virtue. Steele, Tatler, No. 211. 
4. To withdraw ; withhold ; turn aside or away. 
Hide not thine ear at my breathing, at my cry. 
Lam. iii. 56. 
When ye spread forth your hands, I will hide mine eyes 
from you. Isa. i. 15. 
Thou didst hide thy face, and I was troubled. 
Ps. xxx. 7. 
Hide thy face from my sins. Ps. U. 9. 
=Syn. Secrete, etc. (see conceal); screen, cover, cloak, veil, 
shroud, mask, disguise, suppress, dissemble. 
II. intrans. To withdraw from sight ; lie con- 
cealed ; keep one's self out of view. 
Ryght as a serpent hit [hideth] under floures. 
Chaucer, Squire's Tale, 1. 504. 
Bred to disguise, in public 'tis you hide. 
Pope, Moral Essays, a 208. 
To his friends 
A sweeter secret hides behind his fame. 
Lowell, To H. W. L. 
hide 2 (hid), n. [< ME. hide, hyde, hude, < AS. 
hyd = OS. hud = OFries. hud, hfde = D. huid = 
MLG. hut = OHG. hut, MHG. hut, G. haut = 
Icel. hudh = Sw. Dan. hud, skin, hide, = L. 
ciitis, skin (see cutis, cuticle), = Gr. irf/rof, skin: 
prob. with orig. initial s, as in Gr. OKiirof, skin, 
hide, L. scutum, a shield, the root "sku, cover, 
being seen also in Gr. mW-of, the hide of a 
beast, AS. scua, shade, sciir, E. shower, E. sky, 
scum, etc.] 1. The skin of an animal, espe- 
cially of one of the larger animals: as, the hide 
of a calf; the thick hide of a rhinoceros. 
O whan he slew his berry-brown steed, . . . 
She ate him a' up, flesh and bane, 
Left haething but hide and hair. 
King Henry (Child's Ballads, I. 148). 
The firmness of hides is for the armour of the body 
against extremities of heat and cold. 
Bacon, Advancement of Learning, ii. 169. 
