hoar 
hoar (hot), . [< hoar, .] Hoariness; an- 
tiquity. [Bare.] 
His grants are engrafted on the publick law of Europe, 
covered with the awful hoar of innumerable ages, lliirk?. 
hoar (hor), v. [< ME. "horen, not found, < AS. 
harian, become hoar or gray, < hdr, hoar: see 
hoar, a.] I.t intrans. 1. To become white or 
hoar. 2. To become moldy or musty. 
But a hare that is hoar 
Is too much for a score, 
When it hoart ere it be spent. 
SAai.,R.andJ.,ii. 4. 
II. trans. To make white or hoary. [Rare.] 
On th' one side, Hils hnar'd with eternall Snowes 
And craggy Rocks Baigneres doe inclose. 
Sylvester, tr. of Du Bartas's Weeks, i. 3. 
hoard 1 (hord), . [< ME. hord, < AS. hord = OS. 
hard = OHG. MHG. hort. Q. (revived) hort = 
Icel. hodd, hoddr = Goth, huzd, a treasure; 
prob. akin to L. custos, a guard, keep, custodia, 
guard, watch (see custody), lit. perhaps, as the 
word in comp. (esp. in AS.) indicates, a place 
'hidden,' being ult. akin to AS. hydan, etc., 
hide : see hide?, and cf. hut, and house, from 
the same ult. source.] 1. A treasure; a fund; 
a stock or store laid by; an accumulation of 
something for preservation or future use ; hence, 
any mass of things preserved by being deposit- 
ed together. 
I have a venturous fairy that shall seek 
The squirrel's hoard, and fetch thee new nuts. 
Shak., M. N. D., iv. 1. 
As some lone miser, visiting his store, 
Bends at his treasure, counts, recounts it o'er ; 
Hoards after hoards his rising raptures fill. 
Yet still he sighs, for hoards are wanting still. 
Goldsmith, Traveller, 1. 53. 
Up to this time [1009] the revenue of the crown had been 
drawn mainly from the rents of its own demesne and the 
royal dues collected in every shire from thegns who held 
grants of folk-land. The hoard was made up from other 
sources of wealth. J. R. Green, Conq. of ng., p. 387. 
Here at Winchester we may suppose the king's hoard 
was deposited. Athetuxum, No. 30S3, p. 708. 
2f. A hoarding-place ; a treasure-house or trea- 
sury. 
Hit shalbe I Imu ;t, if that I mow, 
Hit is wel kept in horde. 
MS. Cantab, ft. v. 48, f. 54. (HalKwell.) 
Cups and basins of the same precious metals [silver and 
gold] were stored in the hoards of the wealthier nobles. 
J. R. Oreen, Conq. of Eng., p. 322. 
3f. A place of retirement or concealment; a 
closet or cabinet ; a lurking-place. 
He that is usaunt to this synne of glotony he ne may no 
synne withstonde ; he most ben in servage of alle vices, 
for it is the develes hoard ther he hideth him and iv.-t 
eth. Chaucer, Parson's Tale. 
hoard 1 (hord), v. [< ME. harden, < AS. hordian 
(= OHG. gi-hurten, MHG. harden = Goth. hu:d- 
jan), hoard, < hord, a hoard, treasure.] I. trans. 
To treasure up ; collect and store ; amass and 
deposit for preservation or security, or for fu- 
ture use ; store ; lay up : often followed by up. 
The places where the Golde is, appeare and are knowne 
by the drynesse and barrennesse of the soile, as if Nature 
it selfe could not hord vp Gold in her spacious chest, but 
shee must needs proue bare and barren of her wonted 
good workes. Purchas, Pilgrimage, p. 689. 
II. intrans. To gather and save ; lay up store. 
Ere our coming, see thou shake the bags 
Of hoarding abbots. Shak., K. John, iiL 3. 
hoard 2 (hord), n. [< AF. "horde, hurde, OF. 
horde, a palisade, barrier, < OD. horde, a hurdle : 
see hurdle. ] Same as hoarding?. 
hoarder (hor'der), n. [< ME. (Kent) hordyei; 
< AS. hordere, a treasurer, steward, < hordian, 
hoard: see hoard 1 , v.] 1+. A treasurer; a stew- 
ard. 
The King's Hoarder was as old as the King's " hoard." 
Under the Norman reigns he appears under the Latin title 
of Treasurer. E. A. Freeman, Norman Conquest, V. 291. 
2. One who hoards or accumulates ; one who 
lays up a store of something ; one who gathers 
and keeps a stock or fund. 
Since commodities will be raised, this alteration will be 
an advantage to nobody but hoarders of money. Locke. 
hoard-house 1 1, n. [< ME. horde-hows; < hoard! 
+ house 1 .'] A treasure-house or treasury. 
Ryghte above Rome yate, 
An horde-hows they have let make. 
MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 88, f. 137. (Halliwell.) 
hoard-house 2 t, n. [Appar. < hoard? + house*.] 
A shed for cattle. 
hoarding 1 (hor'ding), n. [Verbal n. of hoard*, 
v.] The act of amassing or making a hoard. 
My covetous Passion did approve 
The Hoarding up, not Use of Love. 
Cowley, The Mistress, Vain Love. 
hoarding 2 (hor'ding), . [<hoard^ + -iiig*.] 1. 
In medieralfort., a covered structure of timber, 
2846 
either temporary or permanent, placed on top 
of the walls and towers of a fortress to afford in- 
creased facilities for defense. The hoarding pro- 
jected beyond the face of the wall, in order that missiles 
Section of Hoarding. Castle of Coucy, France. 
H, H, hoarding; W, If, wall of the donjon ; O, arched opening or 
embrasure in the wall ; L, L, loopholes, foi archers, etc. ; M t M, ma- 
chicolations. (From Viollet-le-Duc's "Diet, de 1'Architecture." ) 
might be dropped through machicolations or holes in its 
floor upon an enemy below ; and it was provided with nu- 
merous loopholes for the convenience of the defending 
marksmen. 
2. A fence for inclosing a house and materials 
while builders are at work ; any similar inclo- 
sure of boards. [Eng.] 
Here against a hoarding of decaying timber he is brought 
to bay. Dickent, Bleak House, xlvi. 
Wooden fences or hoarding (&pv<t>anToi) were usual at 
Athens for enclosing fore-courts. 
C. O. Midler, Manual of Archreol. (trans.), p. 280. 
Hence 3. Abill-board; any boarding on which 
bills are posted. [Eng.] 
His conscience so multiplied each bill and poster that 
in twenty-four hours London seemed to him a great 
hoarding. Comhill Magazine. 
Also hoard. 
hoaredt (hord), p. a. [Early mod. E. hored; pp. 
of hoar, .] Moldy ; musty. 
Thys our prouysion of bread, we toke with vs out of our 
houses, whotte, the day we departed to come vnto you. 
And now beholde, it is dryed up and hored. 
Bible of 1651, Josh. ii. 12. 
hoar-frost (hor'frost), . [< ME. horfrost, hoar- 
frost, hore vrost; < hoar, a., + frost; not so com- 
bined in AS., where, however, cf. "hrim and 
forst, hare hildstapan," ' rime and frost, hoar 
warriors ' (Cynewuff, Andreas, 1. 1259).] White 
frost. See hoar, a., and/cos^. 
He scattereth the hoarfrost like ashes. Pa. cxlvii. 16. 
hoarhound, horehound (hor'hound), n. [The 
d is excrescent; < ME. horhowne, horone, hore- 
hune, < AS. hdrhune, also hdr hune, hoarhound 
(hurt hdr hune, white hoarhound): hdr, hoar, 
white ; hune (also used alone), hoarhound.] The 
popular name of 
several plants 
of the natural 
order Labiate, 
(a) The common or 
white hoarhound, 
Marrubium mtlgare. 
It grows in waste 
places and by way- 
sides, and is distrib- 
uted throughout 
Europe and north- 
ern Asia, and nat- 
uralized In North 
America. It is an 
erect branched herb, 
covered throughout 
with cottony white 
hairs; the flowers 
are small and almost 
white, crowded in 
the axils of the 
leaves ; the smell is 
aromatic and the 
flavor bitter. It is 
much used as a 
remedy for coughs 
and asthmas. 
An heved hor als 
horhowne. 
Reliq. Antig., ii. 9. 
[(Halliwell.) 
(6) The black or stinking hoarhound, Ballota nigra, a com- 
mon European weed in waste places near towns and vil- 
lages. The flowers are purple, and the whole plant is fetid 
and unattractive, (c) The water-hoarhound, one of various 
species of Lycopus, particularly L. Evroponu, a native of 
Europe and America. 
hoary 
hoarineSS (hor'i-nes), H. [< hfiary + -ness.] 1. 
The state of being hoary, whitish, or gray : as, 
the hoariness of age. 
My head 
With care's harsh sudden hoariness o'erspread. 
Donne, His Picture. 
2f. Moldiness. 
Hoarieneise, vinewednesse, or mouldinesse, commlng of 
moisture, for lack of cleansing. Baret, Alvearie. 
hparisht (hor'ish), a. [Early mod. E. also hor- 
ish; < hoar + -ish*.] Hoary ; gray. 
The white and horigh heeres, the messengers of age, 
That shew like lines of true belief, that this life doth as- 
swage. Surrey, No Age is Content. 
hoarse (hors), a. [Early mod! E. also horse; < 
ME. hoors, hors (with intrusive r), hoos, has, 
earlier has, < AS. has . = MD. heesch, and heersch, 
haersch (with intrusive r), now heesch = MLG. 
hesch, heisch, LG. heesch = OHG. heis, heist, 
MHG. lieis, heise, also with adj. formative -er, 
heiser, G. heiser = Icel. hass (for reg. *heiss) = 
Sw. hes = Dan. ha:s, hoarse, rough. The D. 
term, -sch, and perhaps the intrusive r in E. and 
D., may be due to confusion with harsh, q . v. , in 
ME. harsk, often without its r, hask.] 1. Deep 
and rough or harsh to the ear; discordant; rau- 
cous. 
Me thought I herde a hunt blowe 
T' assay his great home, and for to knowe 
Whether it was clere, or horse of sowne. 
/ .- /' of Ladies. 
The hoarse resounding shore. Dryden, Iliad, i. 
Hoarse, broken sounds, like trumpets' harsh alarms, 
Run through the hive, and call them to their arms. 
Addison, tr. of Virgil's Georgks, iv. 
Whispering hoarse presage of oblivion. 
Lowell, Memoriae Positnm. 
His voice, rather hoarse in its lower notes, had a clear 
sounding ring when raised. 
Arch. Forbes, Souvenirs of some Continents, p. 52. 
2. Having a deep and harsh or grating voice ; 
uttering low raucous sounds: as, to be hoarse 
from a cold. 
Warwick is hoarte with calling thee to arms. 
Shak., 2 Hen. VI., T. 2. 
Loud thunder to its bottom shook the bog, 
And the hoarse nation croak'd, God save King Log ! 
Pope, Dunciad, i. 330. 
I hear thee not at all, or hoarse 
As when a hawker hawks his wares. 
Tennyson, The Blackbird. 
hoarse (hors), v. t. ; pret. and pp. hoarsed, ppr. 
hoarsing. [< hoarse, a.] To render hoarse : as, 
he was all hoarsed up. [Obsolete or colloq.] 
When his [the sinner's] voice is hoarsed I mean his 
acknowledgement gone his case is almost desperate. 
Rev. T. Adams, Works, I. 855. 
hoarsely (hors'li), adv. In a hoarse manner; 
with a rough, grating voice or sound. 
With untuned tongue she hoarsely calls her maid. 
Shale., Lucrece, 1. 1214. 
The hounds at nearer distance hoarsely bay'd. 
Dryden, Theodore and Honorla, 1. 279. 
hoarsen (hor'sn), v. t. [< hoarse + -en* (3).] 
To make hoarse. [Rare.] 
I shall be obliged to hoarsen my voice and roughen my 
character. Richardson, Clarissa Harlowe, V. 79. 
hoarseness (hors'nes), n. [< ME. hoorsnesse, 
hoosnesse, < AS. hasnes, hdsnys, < has, hoarse : 
see hoarse.] The state or quality of being 
hoarse ; harshness or roughness of voice or 
sound. 
Soveraigne It is for the dropsie and hoarxenesse of the 
throat ; for presently it scoureth the pipes, cleereth the 
voice and maketh it audible. 
Holland, tr. of Pliny, xxii. 23. 
Hoarseness of voices may arise from the glottis not en- 
tirely closing during the vibrations of the vocal chords. 
Helmholtz, Sensations of Tone (trans.), p. 154. 
hoarstone (hor'ston), n. [< ME. "horstone, < 
AS. liar stan, a hoarstone : hdr, hoar (frequent- 
ly applied to trees, stones, cliffs, etc.); stan, 
stone: see hoar and stone.] A stone marking 
the bounds of an estate ; a landmark. [Eng.] 
hoary (hor'i), a. [Early mod. E. also hory, 
< ME. "hory (in comp. ME. horilocket, hoary- 
locked); < hoar + -y*. In sense 4 prob. mixed 
with hory, q. v.] 1. White or whitish. 
Hoarhound (Afamtbium vulfare"). 
a, flower. 
Thus she rested on her arm reclin'd, 
The hoary willows waving with the wind. 
Addison. 
At a distance the same olives look hoary and soft a 
veil of woven light or luminous haze. When the wind 
blows their branches all one way, they ripple like a sea of 
silver. J. A. Syntonds, Italy and Greece, p. 5. 
2. White or gray with age : as, hoary hairs. 
Who with his bristled, hoarie bugle-beard, 
Comming to kiss her, makes her lips afeard. 
Sylvester, tr. of Du Bartas's Weeks, i. 4. 
