homologue 
2869 
homophone 
homologous; something having the same rela- homomorphism (ho-mo-mor'fizm), 11. [As Jio- 2. Having the same sound, but different sig- 
tive position proportion, value, or structure, momorpli-oiis + -ism.] Mimicry or imitation of nifications or origins, or applied to different 
Thus, the corresponding sides, etc., of similar geometrical one thing by another; adaptive or analogical things; equivocal ; ambiguous; specifically, m 
figures are homologues; the members of a homologous resemblance, without true homological or mor- philol., of the character of homonyms. See ho- 
series in chemistry are ''^'.''j^'^*" "?", ''g^"?,,' 1 ,! phological similarity ; superficial likeness with- monym, 2. 
ii'mil thouffh differing in funetioir is a huiim- out structural affinity or relationship. Also ho- It is a rule in art that words which are hmnonymmu, of 
logue of this corresponding organ. See analogue, 4. momorphy. rl ' 18 a " d ambiguous significations, ought ever in the 
homologumena (ho"mo-Io-gu'me-na)..j^. [< homomorphous (ho-mo-mor'fus), a. [< Gr. 
Gr. 6,uo/o)'or/in'o (sc. pipMa), neut. pi. of o/io- d[i6f, the same, , + pop<t>'l, form.] Analogous, not 
homologous, in form or aspect; superficially 
alike ; exhibiting homomorphism. Also homo- 
inorphic. 
Many examples occur, both among animals and among 
plants, in which families widely removed from one another 
as to their fundamental structure nevertheless present a 
._,, '', ppr. pass, of l>fio>Mytlv, agree, admit, 
acknowledge: see homologate, homologous.] 
The books of the New Testament the authen- 
ticity and authority of which were generally 
acknowledged in the primitive church . The term 
is adopted from the church historian Eusebius (about A. 1). 
270-:MO), who classifies the books claiming authority as 
Christian Scriptures under three heads, awarding as they 
were received throughout the church, were disputed by 
some, or had never been recognized, calling these three 
classes homologumena, antilegomena, and spurious, re- 
spectively. He enumerates as homologumena the four 
Gospels, the Acts, the Epistles of Paul, the First Epistle of 
John, and the First Epistle of Peter ; classes the Epistle of 
James, that of Jude.the Second of Peter,the Second and homomorphy (ho mo-mor-ri), 
Third of John as antilegomena ; and says that some reject m0 rrjh-ous + - 1 Same as " 
the Apocalypse and the Gospel according to the Hebrews, 
SSr-JSaSSSl SStfifitiRESfei ; P hy.y i* w? w<*. ^^^^^ on to 
the Apocalypse of Peter, the Epistle of Barnabas, and the 
book called the Teachings of the Apostles, as well as other 
writings purporting to be apostolic. Also written homo- homonOmOUS (ho-mon 6-mus), a. [< Gr. Oftovo- 
first place to be distinguished. 
Abp. Bramhall, Against Hobbes, p. 19. 
We can hardly doubt that it was Aristotle who first gave 
this peculiar distinctive meaning to the two words ko- 
monymou* and synonymous, rendered in modern phraseol- 
ogy (through the Latin) equivocal and univocal. 
Orote, Aristotle, p. 57. 
singular, and sometimes extremely close, resemblance in 
their external characters. . . . Homomorphous forms are 
. . . found in different parts of the earth's surface. Thus, 
the place of the Cacti of South America is taken by the 
Euphorbia) of Africa ; or, to take a zoological illustration, homonymously (ho-mon i-mus-li), adv. 
many of the different orders of Mammalia are represented homonymous manner, 
in the single order Marsupialia in Australia. 
B. A. Nicholson, Manual of Zool., Int., | 7. 
[As homo- 
Homonymous diplopla,diplopiain which the right-hand 
image is formed by the right eye : here the visual axes 
cross one another between the observer and the object. 
Also called ximple diplopia, and contrasted with crossed 
diploma. Homonymoua genus, hemianopsia, etc. 
See the nouns. 
In a 
As the eyes begin to converge, the images of both ob- 
jects double homonymously. Le Conte, Sight, p. 109. 
homonymy (ho-mon'i-mi), 11. [= F. homony- 
mie = Sp. honionomia = Pg. homonymia = It. 
omonimia, < Gr. 6/jum/t!a, a having the same 
nomomorphy, to which" genealogic basis is wanting. name, identity, ambiguity, < 6/j.wvv/iof : see ho- 
' Brit -> xvl - ^ monym, homonymous.] Sameness of name with 
logoumena. 
[toe, under the same laws, < o/nof, the same, + 
homology (ho-moro-ji),.; pi. liomolo(iies(-j\z). V 6)>f, law.] Of or pertaining to homonomy; 
[< Gr. ouo/.oj, agreement, conformity, < ofto- having the quality " 
agreeing : see homologous.] The state 
or character of being homologous ; correspon- 
dence. Specifically (a) In Mol., that relation between 
parts which results from their development from com- 
ments or rings and their appendages of which the body 
of a worm, a centiped, etc., is composed. Homology in 
this sense implies genetic relationship, and consequently 
morphological likeness or structural affinity; and it is 
distinguished from analogy, which usually results from 
physiological adaptation of unlike parts to like functions, 
and therefore implies a merely adaptive modification, 
which brings about a superficial resemblance between 
things quite unlike in structure, as between the wing of 
a difference of meaning ; ambiguity; equivo- 
cation ; specifically, in pltilt/l. , the character of 
homonyms. 
There being in this age two Patricks, . . . and, that 
the homonymy be as well in place as in name, three Ban- 
gors. Fuller. 
Fallacy of homonymy. See fallacy. 
parts. Gegeubaur, Corny. Anat. (trans.), p. 64. homo-organ (ho'mo-or'gan), n. Same as ho- 
"" """"'-mi), n. [Ashomonom-ous moryait. 
logical relation or special Homoplasts or homo-organs. Encyc. Brit., XVI. 842. 
between parts which are ar- homo6usian (ho-mo-o'si-an), a. and n. [Prop., 
ncnrovao QYI f\f TMA rinnu rv **v*** vv "' i ** \ .,..'' 
of homonomy, or that kind 
of special homology. 
The rays of the pectoral and pelvic fins of fishes, the In- 
dividual fingers audioes of the higher Vertebrata, are Ao- 
MMMMU 
ranged along a transverse axis of the body, or 
in one segment only of its long axis. See ho- 
monomovs. 2. Lack of distinction of parts, 
as the absence of segmentation, or the equiva- 
lence of the divisions of the body, among an- 
nelids: contrasted with heteronomy. Eneyc. 
Brit., II. 648. [Rare.] 
IflUUKB tlllll/G UlllllkC 111 OVIUW^Ulc, tlo uwl/TYlmll UMM9 ,' ".ft * ,1 f .\ - IL T_ 1 J. 
a bird and that of a butterfly. Several kinds of homology homonyt (hom'o-m), n. An obsolete form ot 
are distinguished : (1) general, which is the relation of an 
organism, or of any of its parts, to the general type or plan 
hominy. 
SO ho- 
spondence of metamerically multiplied parts in any organ- 
ism, as of successive ribs, legs, vertebrae, etc., with one an- 
other ; (3) special, which is the correspondence of a part 
or organ of one animal with the same part in another, 
as the homology be- 
tween a horse's fore 
"knee" and the human 
wrist, etc. See homolo- 
gous, homologue. 
In the great class of 
mollusks, though it can 
easily be shown that the 
parts in distinct species 
are homologous, but few 
serial homologieg can be 
indicated : that is, we 
are seldom enabled to 
say that one part is ho- 
mologous with another 
part in the same indi- 
vidual. 
Darwin, Origin of Spe- 
[cies, p. 393. 
(b) In geom., the rela- 
tion between two corre- 
sponding figures lying 
in the same plane which 
are such that corre- 
sponding points are col- 
linear with a fixed 
point called the center homology. 
of homology, while cor- 
responding lines intersect on a fixed line called the axis 
of homology. Axis of homology. See axisi. Center 
of homology. See center^. Coefficient of homology. 
See coefficient. 
homomalous (ho-mom'a-lus), a. [< Gr. ofiu^, 
the same, + b/idhoe, even, level, equal, < 6/i<5f, 
the same.] In bot., having the leaves or 
branches all bent or curved to one side: ap- 
plied particularly to mosses. 
homomeral (ho-mom 'e-ral), a. [< Gr. <5//of, the 
(ho'mo-nim), n. | 
= F. homonyme = bp. i 
Pg. "komonymo = It. omonimo, < L. homonymus, 
< Gr. 6/juvvfiof, having the same name,< 6/idf, the 
same, + bvvjia, bvoua, name : see onym, name.] 
1. One word used to express distinct mean- 
ings, or applied as a name to different things : 
as, Heteropus is a homonym of eight different 
genera. 2. In philol., a word which agrees 
with another in sound, and perhaps in spelling, 
but is not the same in meaning ; a homophone : 
as, meet, meat, and mete, or the verb bear and the 
noun bear. The term is also loosely extended to include 
words spelled alike but pronounced dirTerently, as fete, ]! 01n0 ousie (ho'mo-o-si), II. 
bend, bow. a weapon ; lead, conduct, lead, a metal, etc. *J ". 
designated may be akin or even ultimately sameness of essence or of f 
according to the L'. transliteration, homousiaii, 
but the accepted form rests directly on the 
Gr.; < LGr. bpoovaioc,, consubstantial, neut. fyo- 
oiatov, sameness of essence or of substance 
(prop. 6/;oi'o7of, a form found, but marked du- 
bious), < Gr. epos, the same, + ovaia, being, es- 
sence: cf.homoiousian.~\ I. a. 1. Having the 
same nature. 2. [cap.] Pertaining to the Ho- 
moousians or their doctrines. 
II. n. [cap.] A member of the orthodox party 
in the church during the great controversy upon 
the nature of Christ in the fourth century, who 
maintained that the essence of the Father and 
the Son is the same, in opposition to the Ho- 
moiousians or Semi-Arians, who held that their 
natures are only similar, and to the Heteroou- 
sians or rigid Arians, who maintained that they 
are different. 
The words so designated may be akin or < 
On the one hand he [Origen] closely approaches the 
Nicene Homoousian by bringing the Son into union with 
the essence of the Father, and ascribing to him the attri- 
bute of eternity. Schaf, Christ and Christianity, p. 63. 
[< Gr. Afiooi/aurv, 
substance : see ho- 
moousian.] 
[Rare.] 
Identity of substance or being. 
Homology. 
,les ABC and abc (where 
and (7C pass through infin- 
O is the center 
ity) are in homology. - _ 
of homology, and DF is the axis of 
identical in origin, as airl, ot>2, iiotci, bow?, meeti,mmtt. 
See homophone, 2, homograph, 1. 
Animal is a common name to man and beast, and yet not 
a homonym ; for although one is the definition of man, an- 
other of beast, as they differ in names, yet convene they 
in one definition which answers to the common name of 
animal, and that is enough to hinder it here from being 
a homonym; but if animal be referred to a living animal 
and a painted, tis a homonym, because no definition is in 
common to a living animal and a painted that is accom- 
modated to the common name of animal. 
Burgersdiciun, tr. by a Gentleman. homqOUSlOUS (ho-mo-o'si-us), a. Lccles., es- 
sentially the same; of like essence or sub- 
stance : in the Arian controversy, specifically 
noting the doctrine of those who held that the 
Son was similar in essence to the Father : op- 
posed to heterousious. 
homopathy (ho-mop'a-thi), n. [< Gr. < 
So long (continues von Hartmann) as man considers 
God to be another than himself, or a being not identical 
with himself i. e., to introduce a useful phrase, so long 
as he is in the stage of a heterousian religious conscious- 
nesshe desires as a substitute for the absent homoourie 
or identity of being with God, a union as near, confident, 
and intimate as possible, through a personal relation of 
love. Westminster Rev., CXiVI. 475. 
Arbitrary homonym, a name arbitrarily borrowed from 
one thing to be applied to another, as brougham for a kind 
of coach. Casual homonym, a word accidentally hav- 
ing the same sound as another. Tropical homonym, a 
word used by a figure of speech in an essentially changed 
meaning. Thus, the horn of a dilemma is a tropical ho- 
monym of the horn of an ox. 
homonymic (ho-mo-nim'ik), a. [< homonym + 
-ic.] Having the same name or sound; of or 
pertaining to homonymy or homonyms. 
The homonymic designation of a thing by something 
which called to mind the sounds of which its name was 
composed. Whitney, Lang, and Study of Lang., p. 454. 
lUlUUlliOld/l ^uw-IAivm v-Lfnif, to. [x vii i . "f*"i, m*J - - f .- , o- * -- 
same, + fiipof, part, -f- -a!.] Alike in all their homonymical (ho-mo-nim'i-kal), a. 
parts: applied to two or more things. nymic + -al.] Same as homonymic. 
Homomorpha (ho-nio-mor'fa), n. pi. [NL., < homonymous (ho-mon'i-mus), a. [< L. homony- 
Gr.6//df, the same, +' /io/><t>r/, form.] The series mus, having the same name: see homonym.] 1. 
Of the same name; expressed or characterized 
by the same term. In optics, the double images of 
an object produced by the eyes under certain conditions 
are said to be homonymous if respectively on the same 
side as the eye in which they are produced that is, when 
the right-hand image is that produced in the right eye 
etc. ; if the images are on opposite sides, they are called 
of insects in which metamorphosis is incom- 
plete, the larvffi resembling the imagos to some 
extent, though wingless. The Hemiptera, Or- 
thoptera, &nAPseudonciiroptera are of this series, 
which is also called Hemimetabola: opposed to 
Heteroiiiiii'jiliii. 
homomorphic (ho-mo-mor'fik), a. [As homo- 
morph-ous + -if.] 1. Same as ftoMomorpftotM, 
2. In en torn., pertaining to or having the char- 
acters of the Homomorpha ; hemimetabolic. 
hetei'onymous. 
The diplopia which exists when both eyes look down is 
homonymous (that is, the image formed by the affected 
eye is on the same side as that eye). 
1. 1 a a i n. Med. Diet., p. 518. 
sameness of feelings, sympathy, < o/umafH/f, of 
like feelings or affections, sympathetic, < 6/16$, 
the same, + Trdftj?, feeling. Cf. homeopathy.] 
Similarity of feeling; sympathy. [Rare.] 
That sympathy, or homopathy, which is in all animals 
to the same purpose. Cudwrth, Intellectual System. 
[< homo- jj omo p e t a i ous (h6-mo-pet'a-lus), a. [<Gr. o^iof, 
the same, + ireratov, a leaf (petal).] In bot., 
having all the petals formed alike ; having all 
the florets alike, as a composite flower, 
lomophone (ho'mo-fon), n. [= F. homophone, 
etc., < Gr. 6/i66uvof, of the same sound or tone, 
< 6[i6f, the same, + <t>oi>ri, sound, voice.] 1. A 
letter or character expressing a like sound with 
another. 2. A word haying the same sound 
as another, but differing in meaning and usu- 
ally in derivation, and often in spelling ; a ho- 
monym. Examples are oirl, <nV2, <w>3, erel, eyre, heir ; 
bare, bearl, bear"; floe, flow; nol, no2, tnoiol; so, *l. 
sewl ; rv,/, rough; to, too, two; wait, weight. 
