hyperlydian 
hyperlydian (hi-pi>r-lid'i-an), n. [< hyprr- + 
Lydian.} See under mode. 
hyperinedication (hi-per-ined-i-ka'shon), n. 
[\hyper- + medication.] In med., the excessive 
use of drugs. 
hypermetamorphic (hl-per-met-a-mor'nk), <i. 
[\ lit/per- + inctamorphic.] Characterized by 
or exhibiting hypermetamorphism; undergo- 
ing repeated transformations. 
hypermetamorphism (hi-per-met-a-m6r'fizm), 
H. [< hyper- + metamorphism.} " In entiim., 
the character of being subject to hypermeta- 
morphosis ; the process of undergoing complete 
transformation. Hypermetamorphism is a type of de- 
velopment found in beetles of the families Meloida?, Wiipi- 
phorida!, and Stylo/Mai, in which an active larva-stage is 
followed by one or two inactive stages (the last called the 
pseudo-pupa) before the true pupa-state is attained. All 
the insects characterized by hypermetamorphism are para- 
sitical in the bodies of Uiiui'-naptera during at least a 
part of their lives. Some insects pass through no fewer 
than six recognizable stages after hatching from the egg 
and before reaching maturity. In the case of the blister- 
beetles or meloids these stages have been severally named, 
from the resemblance the larvre bear to those of certain 
other insects, as, 1st, triunguliu ; 2d, caraboid ; 3d and 4th, 
scarabreoid ; 5th, coarctate ; 6th, scolytoid. 
Hypertnetainorphism is a term applied to certain con- 
ditions in which the larva at one period of its life assumes 
a very different form and habit from those of another pe- 
riod. Eueye. Brit., XIII. 147. 
hypermetamorphosis (lu-per-met-a-mor' fo- 
sis), . [NL., \ hyper- + metamorphosis.] In 
entom., complete metamorphosis ; radical trans- 
formation; change from one form to a very 
different one. See hypermetamorphism . 
Certain beetles . . . undergo what has been called a AK- 
per-metamoi-phosis that is, they pass through an early 
stage wholly different from the ordinary grub-like larva. 
Darwin, Var. of Animals and Plants, p. 363. 
hypermetamorphotic (hi-per-mefa-mor-fot'- 
ik), a. [< liyi>ermetamorphosis (-ot-) + -ic.} 
Same as hypermetamorphic. [Rare.] 
The extraordinary genus Sitaris (equally hypenneta- 
morphotic), a parasite in bees' nests. 
Encyc. Brit., XIII. 149. 
hypermetaphorical (hi-per-met-a-fpr'i-kal), a. 
[(hyper- + metaphorical.] Excessively meta- 
phorical. 
Entangled, hypermetaphorical style. 
Carlyle, Sartor Eesartus, p. 203. 
hypermeter (hi-per'me-ter), . [< LL. hy- 
permeter (Diomedes, Marius Victorinus), < Gr. 
vxepfitTpof, going beyond the meter, beyond 
measure, < virep, beyond, + /icrpov, meter, mea- 
sure.] 1. In pros. : (a) Averse or period hav- 
ing one more syllable at the end than properly 
belongs to the meter which it represents; 
especially, a heroic hexameter with an addi- 
tional syllable in the last foot, usually intended 
to be elided by synaphea before a vowel be- 
ginning the next line; a dolichurus. (b) A 
period consisting of more than two or three 
cola ; a hypermetron. (c) A line or meter with 
one syllable beyond the last complete foot or 
measure. The word is not infrequently found in this 
sense in books on English versification ; but it is a depart 
ure from the original nomenclature of prosody. 
2. Anything greater than the ordinary stan- 
dard of measure. [Rare.] 
When a man rises beyond six f oot, he is an hypermeter, 
and may be admitted into the tall club. 
Addison, The Tall Club. 
hypermetra, n. Plural of hypermetron. 
hypermetric (hi-per-met'rik), a. [As hyper- 
meter + -ic.] In pros.: (a) Exceeding the cor- 
rect measure ; having a syllable at the end in 
excess of the meter represented; especially, 
dolichuric : as, a hypermetric verse or line. (6) 
Of more than usual length; more than dicolic 
or tricolic : as, a hypermetric period. See hyper- 
meter, hypermetron. 
hypermetrical (hi-per-met'ri-kal), a. [< hy- 
permetric -t- -a/.] Same as hypermetric. 
hypermetron (hi-per'me-tron), n. ; pi. hyper- 
metra (-tra). [< Gr. inrep/ifTpov, neut. of wrep- 
fierpof, beyond the meter: see hypermeter."] In 
anc. pros., a period exceeding the usual extent 
of a meter ; a period longer than the ordinary 
line or verse. 
hypermetrope (hl-per-met'rop), n. [< hyper- 
metropia, without the suffix.] A person affected 
with hypermetropia. 
When the hypermetrope wishes to examine anything 
close to him, an undue amount of convergence will direct 
the axis of vision to a point nearer than the object looked 
at. New York Med. Jour., XL. 719. 
hypermetropia (hi'per-me-tro'pi-a), . [NL., 
< Gr. vTrcp, over, + fiirpov, measure, + ui}> (<JJT-), 
eye.] A natural or acquired condition of the 
eyes in which the focus (that is, of parallel rays 
2950 
when the accommodation is completely relaxed) 
falls behind the retina; long-sightedness: the 
opposite of myopia. Also hypcmpin, hypermet- 
ropy, and hypcrpn-xhynpin.- Absolute hyperme- 
tropia, hypermetropia in which parallel rays cannot be 
brought to a focus on the retina by an exertion of the eye. 
Facultative hypermetropia, hypennetropia in which 
parallel rays can De focused on the retina without con- 
verging the visual lines. - Latent hypermetropia, that 
hypermetropia which is not detected by finding the strong- 
est convex lens with which the patient can focus parallel 
rays on the retina, but which, being due to involuntary 
accommodation, may reveal itself after the use of convex 
glasses for a while, or the instillation of atropin. Mani- 
fest hypermetropia, that hypermetropia which is deter- 
mined by finding the strongest convex lens with which 
the patient can focus parallel rays on the retina. Rela- 
tive hypermetropia, hypermetropia in which parallel 
rays can be focused on the retina only by converging the 
visual lines. 
hypermetrppiC (hl"per-me-trop'ik), a. [< hy- 
permetropia + -ic.] Pertaining to or affected 
with hypermetropia ; far-sighted. 
When . . . the hypermetrupic eye loses its power of ad- 
justment with age, then even distant objects can not be 
seen distinctly. Such persons, therefore, while young, 
should habitually wear slightly convex glasses, which 
make their eyes normal. Le Conte, Sight, p. 52. 
hypermetropy (hi-per-met'ro-pi), . [< NL. 
hypermetropia.'} Same as hypermetropia. 
hypermixolydian (hi-per-tmk-so-lid'i-an), a. 
[C hyper- + mixolydian.] See under mode. 
hypermnesia (hi-perm-ne'si-S), . [NL., < Gr. 
virep, over, beyond, + uvqoti;, remembrance.] 
Unusual power of recollection. 
The phenomena, whether of amnesia or hypermiiegia, 
which mesmerists allege, reach no such marvellous pitch 
as this. Proc. Soe. Psych. Research, 1. 28S. 
hypermyriorama (lu-per-mir''i-o-ra'ma), n. 
[NL., < Gr. vnep, over, beyond, + pt>pio(, count- 
less, myriad, + opafta, a view, < opav, see. Cf. 
panorama.] An exhibition consisting of in- 
numerable views. Imp. Diet. 
hypernic (hi'per-nik), n. [A trade-name, < hy- 
per- + yic(aragua wood), or jn'c(ric), itself < 
Nic(aragua wood).'} Among American dyers, 
Nicaragua wood, or any other red wood or red- 
wood extract of the same class. J. W. Slater. 
hyperoa, n. Plural of hyperoon. 
Hyperoartia (hi"per-o-ar'ti-a), n. pi. [NL., < 
Gr. mep$o$, being above, upp'er (see hyperoon), 
+ apTiof, complete, perfect, <&prt, just, exactly.] 
A primary subdivision of myzonts, marsipo- 
branchiates, or Cyclostomata, including forms 
with the roof of the mouth or palate entire or 
imperforate, the single nasal duct not penetrat- 
ing it. Various values have been assigned to it. By J. 
Muller it was regarded as an order ; by Gunther it was 
ranked as a suborder ; and by E. R. Lankester it was raised 
to the rank of a class of vertebrates. Its only living rep- 
resentatives belong to the family of Petromywntiace or 
lampreys. 
hyperoartian (hl // per-o-ar'ti-an), a. and n. I. 
a . Pertaining to or having the characters of the 
ffi/ptroartia. 
n. n. One of the Hyperoartia. 
Hyperodon (hi-per'o-don), . Same as By- 
pcroodon. 
Hyperoodon (hi-per-6'o-don), n. [NL., < Gr. 
iVE/wpof, being above, upper, + bSmf (oSovr-) = 
E. tooth.] A genus of whales of the family Phy- 
seteriUcB and subfamily Ziphiince; the typical 
bottle-nosed whales. They have a globular head, 
rising abruptly from a small distinct snout, whence the 
name bottlenose. The vertebree number 45 ; the cervical 
vertebrae are ankylosed ; and there is a small concealed 
tooth at the end of each mandibular ramus. The details 
of cranial structure are characteristic, in relation with 
the peculiar shape of the head. H. rostratus and H. lati- 
fnmx inhabit the northern Atlantic, attaining a length of 
from 20 to 30 feet ; the former is the common bottlenose. 
The genus was founded by Laccpede In 1803. Anarnacus 
is a synonym. 
Hyperoodontidae (hi-per-6-o-don'ti-de), n. pi. 
[NL., < Hyi>eroddon(t-) + -idea."] A family of 
toothed whales, named from the genus Hypero- 
odon : same as the subfamily Ziphiince. 
hyperoon (hi-per-d'on), H. ; pi. hyperoa (-a). [< 
Gr. vKspipov, an upper story or room, neut. of 
vxep$of, being above, upper, < inrip, above : see 
hyper-.~\ In Gr. antiq.,s,n upper story in a build- 
ing; particularly, a gallery over a side aisle in 
a temple. 
hyperopia (hl-per-6'pi-S), n. [< Gr. vnep, over, 
+ by (inr-), eye.] Same as hypermetropia. 
hyperopic (hi-per-op'ik), a. [< hyperopia + -ic.'] 
Pertaining to or exhibiting hypermetropia. 
The glass, however, which will correct the simple hv- 
permetropia or myopia will not answer for the hyperopic 
or myopic astigmatism. New York Med. Jour., XL. 720. 
hyperopsia (hi-per-op'si-a), . [< Gr. inrlp, 
over, + oV'Ci view : see optic.} Extremely acute 
hyperphysical 
hyperorexia (hi"per-o-rek'si-a), . [< fir. i'-ifi, 
over, + ii/ic^i(, a longing : see orexis. ] In pa tliol. . 
excessive desire for food ; inordinate appetite ; 
bulimia. 
hyperorthodox (hi-iHT-or'tho-doks), . [< h<j- 
[H'r- + ortliotlof.] Extremely orthodox. 
hyperorthodoxy (hi-per-6r'tho-dok-si), n. [< 
hyper- + orthodoxy.} Extreme orthodoxy. 
hyperorthognathic (ln-per-6r-thog-nath'ik), n. 
[< hyperortliognathy + -ic.] Exceedingly or- 
thognathie; exhibiting hyperorthognathy. 
hyperorthognathy (hi"per-6r-thog'na-thi), . 
[\ hyper- + orthoyiiatlty.] In i-rtiniom., exces- 
sive orthognathy, as when the cranial index is 
91 or over. 
hyperosmia (hi-per-os'mi-a), . [< Gr. inrep, 
over, + bo/if/, b6fi.ii, a smell," odor: see osmium. | 
In pathol., excessive sensitiveness to odors. 
hyperostosis (hi"per-os-t6'sis), n. [NL., < Gr. 
wr/>, over, -f bariov, bone, + -osis.} 1. Amor- 
bid outgrowth of bone from a bone. 2. An 
overgrowth of bone; a normal (not morbid) 
exostosis or increase of bony tissue. 
These bones are rough with a hyperottori* of their sur- 
wrs. Stand. Xat. Hist., III. 319. 
Hyperotreta (hi"per-o-tre'ta), n. pi. [NL., < 
p^of, being above, upper ^see hyperoon), 
6f, perforated, verbal adj. of rtrpaivftv, 
perforate.] A primary subdivision of myzonts, 
embracing forms with the roof of the mouth per- 
forated by the single nasal canal. It has been 
variously ranked as an order by J. Muller, as a suborder by 
Giinther, and as a class of vertebrates by E. K. Lankester. 
Its few living representatives have been combined in one 
family, Myxinida?., by some ichthyologists, and by others 
have been segregated! into two, Myxinidcetcud Bdetlostomi- 
da or Ileptatretnvlce. Also called Hyperotreti. 
hyperotretan (hi'per-o-tre'tan), a. and n. [< 
Hyperotreta + -an.] 'I. a. Pertaining to or 
having the characters of the Hyperotreta. Also 
hyperotrete, hyperotretous. 
II. n. One of the Hyperotreta. 
hyperotrete (hi'per-o-tret), a. and n. Same as 
hyperotretan. 
hyperotretOUS (hi'per-o-tre'tus), a. [< Hy- 
perotreta + -otig.} Same as hyperotretan. 
hyperoxidation (hl-per-ok-si-da'shpn), n. [< 
hyper- + oxidation.] Excessive oxidation. 
hyperoxygenated (hi-per-ok'si-jen-a-ted), a. 
[(hyj>er- + oxygenated.} Supersaturated with 
oxygen. 
(eroxygenation (hi-per-oksi-je-na'shpn) ; n. 
hyper- + oxygenation.] The state of being 
lyperoxygenated . 
hyperoxygenized (hi-per-ok'si-jen-izd), a. [< 
hyper- + oxygenized.} Same as hyperoxygen- 
atfd. 
hyperparasite (hi-per-par'a-sit), . [< hyper- 
-r parasite.] A hyperparasitic insect, or one 
which exhibits hyperparasitism. 
hyperparasitic (hi-per-par-a-sit'ik), . [< hy- 
per- + parasitic.} Parasitic upon a parasite ; 
character! zed by or exhibitinghyperparasitism, 
as many insects. 
Various parasitic and hyper-parasitic groups [of ants]. 
hyperparasitism (bi-per-par'a-sit-izm), . [< 
hyper- + parasitism.] In entom., the parasit- 
ism of certain Ichneumonid<e, Chalcidida, etc., 
which in the larval state live in the bodies of 
other insect parasites. 
hyperpharyngeal (hFper-fa-rin'je-al), . [< 
Gr. iirep, over, + Qdpvyl;, throat (pharynx): see 
pharynx, pharyngeal.] Situated over or above 
the pharynx. 
The hyperpharyngeal groove of Amphioxus. 
Micros. Science, XXVII. 360. 
hyperphasia (h!-per-fa'zia), n. [NL.,< Gr. virp, 
over, + (pdaif, speaking, < <t>avat, say, speak.] 
In pathol., lack of control of the organs of 
speech. 
hyperphasic (hi-per-fa'zik), a. [< hyperphasia 
+ -icT] Affected with hyperphasia. 
hyperphenomenal (hi'per-fe-nom'e-nal), a. 
[<Gr. imtp, over, + (paiv6ftfva, phenomena : see 
phenomenal.] Superior to the phenomenal; 
noumenal. 
About the hypcrphenomenal reality of our own exis- 
tence, the existence of God, and the existence of matter. 
Encyc. Brit., XIV. 761. 
hyperphrygian (hi-per-frij'i-an), a. [< hyper- 
T Phri/f/iaii.} See under mode. 
hyperphysical (hl-per-fiz'i-kal), . [< Jiyixr- 
+ physical.] Superior to matter ; higher than 
the physical ; immaterial. 
Vital powers cannot be merely physical, and we must 
believe in something hyper-physical, something of the na- 
ture of a soul. WhetueU. 
