Hypochceris 
Hypochoeris (hl-po-ke'ris), n. [< Gr. vxnxoipi;, 
a plant of the succory kind, appar. (T) < vir6, 
under, + x o ipf, a pig.] A genus or yellow- 
flowered herbs, of the natural order Composite, 
of the tribe Cichoriacea, and type of the subtribe 
Hijpochwridea;. AboutSOspeciesareknown.distributed 
over temperate portions of the world. H. radicata of Eu- 
rope, also sparingly introduced into the United States, is 
the cat'g-ear. 
hypochont (hip'o-kon), . An abbreviation of 
hypochondria^. 'Davies. [Rare.] 
You have droop'd within a few years into such a dis- 
pirited condition that 'tis as much as a plentiful dose of 
the best canary can do to remove the hypocon for a few 
minutes. Tom Brown, Works, IL 233. 
hypochondert (hl-po-kon'der), n. [< hypochon- 
drium, q. v.] Same as hypochondrium. 
hypochondria 1 (hi-po- or hip-o-kon'dri-a), n. 
[= F. hypochondrie = 8p. hipocondria = Pg. 
hypocondria = It. ipocondria = Or. hypochondrie 
= Dan. Sw. hypokondri, < ML. hypochondria, 
fern. sing. , the morbid condition so called, sup- 
posed to have its seat in the upper part of the 
abdornen,<NL. hypochondrium.] A morbid con- 
dition characterized by exaggerated uneasi- 
ness and anxiety as to one's health, and also 
by extreme general depression : low spirits : in 
this sense often abbreviated hypo, or former- 
ly hyp, hip. See hypo*, hip*. Hypochondria, real 
or affected, was formerly also called spleen, vapors, and 
other vague names. Also hypochondriacism, hypochondri- 
asis, hypochondriasm. 
hypochondria 2 , n. Plural of hypochondrium. 
hypochondriac (hi-po- or hip-o-kon'dri-ak), a. 
and n. [< F. hypocliondriaque = Sp. hipocon- 
driaco = Pg. hj/pocondriaco = It. ipocondriaco 
(cf. D. G. hypochondrisch = Dan. Sw. hypokon- 
drisk) (see hypochondria 1 ), < NL. Tiypochondria- 
evs, < Gr. i'7roxovdpian6f, affected in the hypo- 
chondrium, < firoxtrtpat: see hypochondrium.'] 
I. a. 1. In anat.: (a) Situated below the car- 
tilages of the ribs that is, under the "short 
ribs": specifically applied in human anatomy 
to the region of either hypochondrium. See 
third cut under abdominal, (b) Same as hypo- 
chondria!. 2. In entom., of or pertaining to the 
hypochondria, or basal ventral plates of the ab- 
domen: as, the hypochondriac segment. 3. In 
pathol., suffering from hypochondria; morbidly 
anxious about one's health, and affected with 
general depression of spirits: also, character- 
istic of or produced by hypochondria. 
Democritus, that thought to laugh the times into good- 
ness, seems to me as deeply hypochondriac as Heraclitus 
that bewailed them. Sir f. Browne, Religio Medici, ii. 4. 
Seized with an hypochondriac alarm at every new sen- 
sation. Macaulay, Mitford's Hist. Greece. 
There was a pleasurable illumination in your eye occa- 
sionally, a soft excitement in your aspect, which told of 
no bitter, bilious, hypochondriac brooding. 
Charlotte Bronte, Jane Eyre, xxvii. 
H. n. A person affected with hypochondria ; 
one who is morbidly anxious about his health, 
and generally depressed. 
Terrour has frequently excited languid hypochondriacs 
to exertions they had deemed impossible. 
T. Cogan, On the Passions, L ii. 3. 
These hypochondriacs are the torments of their physi- 
cians, and think they are insulted if their complaints are 
called imaginary. J. F. Clarke, Self-Culture, p. 97. 
hypochondriacal (hi^po- or hip*o-kon-dri'a- 
kal), a. [< hypochondriac + -al.~\ Same as hy- 
pochondriac, 3. 
hypqchondriacally (hi'po- or hip'o-kon-dri'a- 
kal-i), adv. In a hypochondriac or melancholy 
manner. 
hypochondriacism (hi'po- or hip'o-kon-dri'a- 
sizm), n. [< hypochondriac + -ism."] Same- as 
hypochondria!. 
hypochondria! (hi-p6-kon'dri-al), a. [< hypo- 
chondrium + -al.} Situated upon the flanks: 
as, hypochondrial feathers. Also hypochondriac. 
Macgillivray. 
hypochondriasis(hi''po-orhip*o-kon-dri'a-sis), 
. [NL., a more correct term for hypochon- 
drial; < hypochondrium + -iasis.~\ Same as hy- 
pochondria 1 . 
hypochondriasm (hi-po- orhip-o-kon'dri-azm), 
n. [X hypochondria^- H- -asm.] Same as hypo- 
chondria 1 . 
hypochondrias! (hi-po- or hip-o-kon'dri-ast), n. 
[(hypochondria^ + -ast.} One afflicted with hy- 
pochondria; a hypochondriac. 
hypochondriet (m'po-kon-dri), n. Same as hy- 
pochondry. 
hypochondrium (hi-po-kon'dri-um), n. ; pi. hy- 
pochondria (-a). [NL. (formerly Englished hy- 
pochondry, pi. hypochondries, and hypochonder, 
< P. hypochondre), < L. hypoehondrium (in pi.), 
< Gr. vnoxfodpiov, pi, inoxovdpia, the soft part 
2954 
of the body below the cartilage and above the 
navel, < vno, under,+ xovipof, a corn, grain, gris- 
tle, cartilage, esp. of the breast-bone : see chon- 
drus. Hence hypochondria 1 , q. v.] 1. Inanat.: 
(a) In human anat., a superior and lateral part 
of the abdomen, beneath the lower ribs ; one of 
the specific regions of the abdomen, situated on 
either side of the epigastrium, above the lum- 
bar regions. See abdominal regions, under ab- 
dominal, (b) Some abdominal region corre- 
sponding to the above, as the flank or side of 
the rump of a bird; an iliac region. 2. pi. In 
entom., two lateral pieces at the base of the ab- 
domen beneath, behind the metasternum and 
posterior coxse: so called by Kirby. They are 
found in many Coleoptera, etc., and are really parts of the 
first ventral segment, which is hidden in the middle. 
hypochondryt (hl'po-kon-dri), . Same as hypo- 
chondrium. 
If from the liver, there is usually a pain in the right 
hypucondrie. It from the spleene, hardnesse and grief in 
the left hypocondrie, a rumbling, much appetite, and small 
digestion. Burtun, Auat. of Mel., p. 200. 
hypocist (hi'po-sist), n. [X NL. hypocistis, < L. 
hypocisthis, < 'Gr. iiroiuorif, improp. inroiaoOif, a 
parasitic plant which grows on the roots of the 
cistus, < im6, under, below, + KIOTOJ, cistus.] 
An inspissated juice obtained from a plant, the 
Cytinus hypocistis, natural order Cytinaeea. The 
juice Is expressed from the unripe fruit, evaporated to 
the consistence of an extract, formed into cakes, and dried 
in the sun. It is an astringent, useful in diarrheas and 
hemorrhages. 
hypoclidia, n. Plural of hypoclidium. 
hypoclidian (hl-po-kli'di-an), a. Of orpertain- 
ing to the hypoclidium : as, a hypoclidian pro- 
cess. Also hypocleidian. 
hypoclidium (hi-po-kli'di-um), n.; pi. hypoclidia 
(-a). [NL., < Gr. Wo, under, + */if (/c/.<5-), a 
key, the clavicle.] In ornith., the interclavic- 
ular element of the clavicles of a bird ; an in- 
feromedian process of the united clavicles, it 
is well shown in the common fowl, where the hypocli- 
dium is the thin flat rounded bit of bone at the junction 
of the legs of the merrythought or wishbone. See cut 
under furcula. Also hypocleidium. 
hypocoracoid (hi-po-kor'a-koid), n. [< Gr. two, 
under, + E. coracoid.} In ichth., the lower one 
of two bones which bear the actinosts or base 
of the pectoral fin in most fishes. It was consid- 
ered to be homologous with the cubital by Cuvier, with 
the radius by Owen, and with the coracoid by later ichth} - 
otomists. 
hypocoristic (hl'po-ko-ris'tik), a. and n. In 
Gr. and Lot. gram., same as diminutive. 
hypocotyl (M'po-kot-il), n. [Short for hypocoty- 
ledonous stem.} In bot., that part of the axis 
which is below the cotyledons. Also called the 
caulicle, and erroneously the radicle. 
With seedlings the stem which supports the cotyledons 
(I. e. the organs which represent the first leaves) has been 
called by many botanists the "hypocotyledonous stem," 
but for brevity's sake we will speak of it merely as the /"/ 
poeotyl. Darwin, Movement in Plants, Int., p. 5. 
hypocotyledonary (hl-po-kot-i-le'don-a-ri), a. 
[< Gr. vaii, under, + xorvfaiduiv, cotyledon, + 
-ary.} Pertaining to or resembling the hypo- 
cotyl or hypocotyledonous stem. 
Water-plants ; seed with little or no endosperm, but a 
strongly developed hypocotyledonary axis to the embryo. 
Sachs, Botany (trans.), p. 553. 
hypocotyledonous (hi-po-kot-i-le'don-us), . 
[\ Gr. VTTO, under, + Korvfa/6av, cotyledon, + 
-otis.] In bot., situated under or supporting 
the cotyledons. Darwin. See hypocotyl. 
hypocotylous (hl-po-kot'i-lus), a. [< hypocotyl 
+ -ous. J Of or pertaining to the hypocotyl. 
Nature. 
hypocrasst, A former spelling of hippocras. 
hypocrater (hl-po-kra'ter), n. [< Gr. inroKpaTt/- 
ptov, the stand of a crater, < tnr<5, under, + Kparfjp, 
a mixing-vessel: see crater.'} In archaol., a 
stand or foot designed to support a crater or 
a vase of similar form, particularly an apodal 
vase. See cut under dinos. 
hypocrateriform (hl*po-kra-ter'i-fdrm), a. [< 
Gr. viroKparr/piav, the stand of a crater (see hy- 
pocrater), + L. forma, shape.] In bot., salver- 
shaped : an epithet applied to a corolla consist- 
ing of a straight tube surmounted by a flat and 
spreading limb, as in the cowslip and phlox. 
hypocraterimorphous (hl"po-kra-ter-i- m6r '- 
fus), a. [NL., < Gr. {monpaTT/ptov, the stand of 
a crater, + /topQ/i, form.] Same as hypocrateri- 
form. 
hypocrisy (hi-pok'ri-si), .; pi. hypocrisies 
(-siz). [< ME. nypoorisie, ijpocrisie, etc., < OF. 
ypocrisie, hypocritrie = Pr. ypocrisia = Sp. hi- 
pocresia = Pg. hypocrisia = It. ipoerisia, < LL. 
hypocriifis, hypocrisy, also an imitation of a 
hypoderma 
person's speech and gestures, < Gr. rnnKniniz, 
a reply, an orator's delivery, hypocrisy, \ irnn- 
Kpivecdai, answer, play a part, < vno, under, + 
Kp'madat, contend, dispute: see crisis, critic.] 
Dissimulation of one's real character or belief ; 
especially, a false assumption of piety or vir- 
tue ; a feigning to be better than one is ; the 
action or character of a hypocrite. 
In fraytour the! faren best of all the foure orders, 
And [vsen] ypocricie in all that they werchen. 
Piers Plowman's Crede (E. E. T. S.\ 1. 284. 
Beware ye of the leaven of the Pharisees, which is hy- 
pocrisy. Luke xii. 1. 
Next stood Hypocrisy, with holy leer, 
Soft smiling and demurely looking down, 
But hid the dagger underneath the gown. 
Dryden, Pal. and Arc., ii. 564. 
This then is hypocrisy not simply for a man to de- 
ceive others, knowing all the while that he ia deceiving 
them, but to deceive himself and others at the same time. 
J. H. liewinan, Parochial Sermons, i. 127. 
= Syn. Pretense, cant, formalism, sanctimoniousness, 
Pharisaism. See disnetnble, dissembler, and deceit. 
hypocrite (hip'o-krit), n. [< ME. hypocrite, ypo- 
cnte, < OF. hypocrite, F. hypocrite = Pr. ypocrita 
= Sp. hipocrita = Pg. hypocrita = It. ipocrita, ipo- 
crito, < LL. hypocrita, a hypocrite; L., a mimic 
who accompanied the delivery of an actor by 
gestures ; < Gr. vironpiTfa, one who answers, a 
player, also a pretender, hypocrite, < imonpi- 
veaOcu, answer, play a part : see hypocrisy.'} One 
who assumes a false appearance; one who 
feigns to be what he is not, or to feel or be- 
lieve what he does not actually feel or believe ; 
especially, a false pretender to virtue or piety. 
Woe unto you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! for 
ye are like unto whited sepulchres, which indeed appear 
beautiful outward, but are within full of dead men's bones, 
and of all uncleanness. Mat. xxiii. 27. 
The fawning, sneaking, and flattering hypocrite, that will 
do or be any thing for his own advantage, is despised by 
those he courts, hated by good men, and at last tormented 
by his own conscience. Stilling fleet. Sermons, II. i. 
=8yn. Dissembler, Hypocrite (see dissembler); Pharisee, 
formalist, cheat 
hypocritelyt (hip'o-krit-li), adv. Hypocriti- 
He is re-hardned : like a stubborn Boy 
That piles his Lesson, Hypocritely coy. 
Sylvester, tr. of Du Bartas's Weeks, ii., The Lawe. 
hypocritic (hip-o-krit'ik), a. [< Gr. imoupm- 
KO(, acting a part, < vnoKpiTfa : see hypocrite.} 
Hypocritical. [Rare.] 
hypocritical (hip-o-krit'i-kal), a. [< hypocritic 
+ -al.} Of, pertaining to, or proceeding from 
hypocrisy; characterized by hypocrisy; dis- 
sembling; feigned. 
Indeed it is an easie matter for any to make a slight 
formal profession, to run in a round of hypocriticall du- 
ties, and live a moral civil life. Hopkins, Works, p. 733. 
Make thy choice whether still to be subtle, worldly, 
selfish, iron-hearted, and hypocritical, or to tear these sins 
out of thy nature, though they bring the life-blood with 
them ! Hawthorne, Seven Gables, xviii. 
= Syn. Dissembling, insincere, hollow, sham; sanctimo- 
nious, canting, Pharisaical. 
hypocritically (hip-o-krit'i-kal-i), adv. In a 
hypocritical manner; with hypocrisy; without 
sincerity. 
Simeon and Lev! spake not only falsely, but insidiously, 
nay hypocritically. Government of the Tongue. 
hypocritisht (Mp'o-krit-ish), a. [< hypocrite + 
-isfti.] Hypocritical. 
The Lord . . . hath gathered him a flock, to whom he 
hath given ears to hear that the hypocritish wolves cannot 
hear. 
Tyndale, Ans. to Sir T. More, etc. (Parker Soc., 1850X p. 49. 
hypocycloid (hi-po-si'kloid), . [< Gr. m6, un- 
der, + E. cycloid.} In geom., a curve described 
by a point on 
the circumfer- 
ence of a cir- 
cle which rolls 
upon the in- 
side of another 
circle. / 
hypodactylum 
(lll-po-dak ' ti- Hypocycloid. C is the center of the fixed, 
him), 11.: T>1. hll- f of the moving, circle ; P is the point of the 
," . I*; ..;( latter whose path is traced. 
podactyla (-la). 
[Nli.,< Gr. vn6, under, + rfdnrD/iof, finger, toe.] 
In ornith., the under side of the toe of a bird: 
opposed to acrodactyliim. [Rare.] 
hypoderm (hi'po-derm), n. [< NL. hypoderma.} 
1. In bot., same as hypoderma, 1. 2. In arthro- 
pods, an epithelial integumentary layer below 
the cuticular or chitinized crust. 
hypoderma (hi-po-der'ina), n. [NL., < Gr. into, 
under, + <5cpua(r-), skin.] 1. In bot., the layer 
of colorless cells just beneath the epidermis of 
a leaf; also extended to the external cortex un- 
der the epidermis of a stem : introduced in the, 
