hypopselaphesia 
! T irT i'To, under, + tfaX&tyatt, a touching, < i/>v- 
'/.aij>av, feel, touch.] In pathol., partial loss of 
the tactile sense. 
hypopterate (lii-pop'te-rat), a. [< Gr. VKOVTF- 
pof, winged, s I'TTO, under, + irrepov, a wing, 4- 
-ate 1 .] In hot., having a wing produced at the 
base or below. Lindlcy. [Kare.] 
Hypopterygei (hi-pop-te-rij'e-i), B. pi. [NL., 
< Gr. UTTO, under, + irrcprf, irrtptytm>, a wing, 
< -Tipov, a wing.] A family of pleurocarpous 
or lateral-fruited mosses, with a peculiar ar- 
rangement of the leaves, which are placed in 
two opposite straight rows united on the upper 
side of the stem, with a third median row of 
smaller stipuliform leaves on the under side. 
The cells of the leaves are parenchymatous 
and equal in all parts. 
Hypopterygiaceae (hi-pop-te-rij-i-a'se-e), . pi. 
[NL., < Hypopterygei + -acea;.] Same as Hy- 
popterygei. 
itila, n. 
hypoptila, . Plural of hypoptilum. 
hypoptilar (hi-pop'ti-lar), a. [< hypoptilum + 
-ar 2 .] Pertaining to tiie hypoptilum ; hypora- 
chidian. 
hypoptilum (hi-pop'ti-lum), n. ; pi. hypoptila 
(-la). [NL., < Gr. into, under, + KTIAOV, feather.] 
In ornith., the aftershaft or hyporachis of a 
feather; the whole of the supplementary plume 
which springs from the stem of the main feather 
at the junction of calamus and rachis. Hypoptila 
are usually present in the general plumage of birds, but 
are wanting in some families, as owls, and are never de- 
veloped on the remiges or rectrices. They are usually 
much smaller than the main feather, but in some cases are 
about as large, when the feather appears to be double, but 
with a single barrel. See hyporactiis and ajtergha/t, both 
of which are more frequently used than hypoptilum. 
Hypopus (hi'po-pus), n. [NL., < Gr. iiir6, under, 
+ jroi'f = E. foot.] 1. A supposed genus of 
acaroids. Duges, 1834. Hence 2. \l. c.] A 
heteromorphous nymph of certain acaroids, 
formerly supposed to be a generic type of the 
acaroids. 
The true hjipopm is a heteromorphous nymphal form 
of Tyroglyphus, and possibly of some allied, or other 
genera. Michael, Jour. Linn. Soc. (1884), XVII. 379. 
hypopygia. . Plural of hypopygium. 
hypopygial (hi-po-pij'i-al), a. [< hypopygium 
T -al.} In ciitom., situated under the end of the 
abdomen ; specifically, of or pertaining to the 
hy popygi um Hypopygial valves, two oval or oblong 
cleft plates on the lower side of the last abdominal seg- 
ments, such as are found in many Tenthredinidae. 
hypopygium (hi-po-pij'i-um), .; pi. hypopygia 
(-a). [NL., < Gr. imoiriyiov, the rump, < iv6, 
under, + xw/ii, the buttocks.] In cntom. : (a) 
The lamellate clasping-organ at the end of the 
abdomen of many male dipterous insects, de- 
signed to retain the female. In some species 
it is very ]arge ? and turned under the abdomen. 
(6) The last visible ventral segment of an in- 
sect's abdomen, immediately beneath the py- 
gidium, or last dorsal segment. Kirby. 
hypopyum, hypopyon (hi-po'pi-um, -on), n. 
[NL., < Gr. virovuov, a kind of ulcer, neut. of 
vir6xvof, tending to suppuration, < m6, under, + 
triiov, pus: see pus, pyemia.] In pathol., an ef- 
fusion of pus into the anterior chamber of the 
eye, or that cavity which contains the aqueous 
humor. 
hyporachidian (hl"po-ra-kid'i-an), a. [< hypo- 
rachis (-id-) + -ian.] Pertaining to or having 
the character of the hyporachis. Also hypor- 
rhachidian. 
hyporachis (hi-por'a-kis), n. [NL., < Gr. virop- 
paxv, the hollow above the hip, < vn6, under, 
+ paxif, the spine.] In ornith.: (a) Properly, 
the aftershaft ; the rachis accessoria ; the stem 
or scape of the supplementary feather which 
grows upon many feathers of most birds. 
Structural characters no less important separate the 
Rheas from the Emeus, and, apart from their very differ- 
ent physiognomy, the former can be readily recognized by 
the rounded form of their contour-feathers, which want 
the hypvrrhachii or after-shaft that in the Emeus and 
Cassowaries is so long as to equal the main shaft. 
lincye. Brit., XX. 506. 
(6) The whole of such a supplementary feather ; 
a hypoptilum : more frequently but less correct- 
ly used in this sense. See hypoptilum and after- 
xhaft. Also written hyporrhachis. 
hyporadial (hi-po-ra'di-al), a. [< hyporadii + 
-al.] Of or pertaining to the hyporadii. 
hyporadii (hl-po-ra'di-I), n. pi. [NL., < Gr. iitrA, 
under, + L. radius, q. v.] In ornith., the acces- 
sory radii or barbs of a feather. The barbs of the 
hyporachis or hypoptilum are to the supplementary fea- 
ther what the radii or barbs are to the main feather ; they 
may bear barbules or hyporadioli, but never hamuli or 
booklets. 
2957 
hyporadioli (hi-po-ra-di'o-K), n.pt. [NL., dim. 
of hyporadii.'} The barbules of the hyporadii ; 
the lesser processes borne upon the barbs of a 
hyporaehis or of a hypoptilum. 
hyporchem, . Woo hyporcheme. 
hyporchema (hl-por-ke'ma), . ; pi. hyporche- 
iiidtu (-ma-tji). [NL.] Same as hyporcheme. 
hyporchemaitic (hi"p6r-ke-mat'ik), a. [< hypor- 
chema(t-) + -c.] Consisting in or pertaining to 
a hyporcheme or hyporchesis; characterizing 
or employed in hyporchemes: as, a hyporche- 
matie dance; hyporchematic rhythms Hypor- 
chematic prosodlac, in aw., pros., an episynthetic me- 
ter, consisting of an anapestic prosodiac and an iambic 
dimeter catalectic (w ww ww j w w w w). 
hyporcheme, hyporchem (hi'por-kem, -kem), 
n. [< Gr. inropxqfta, < vifopx.uaQai, dance with or 
to music, < vir6, under, + 6p;fcrftM, dance.] In 
Gr. antiq. and pros., a hymn or poem sung by 
the main body of the chorus, while some of their 
number accompanied it with mimetic dancing 
and gesticulation. The hyporcheme, like thepsean, was 
originally a hymn or song in honor of Apollo, but of a less 
solemn character than the paean. This kind of compo- 
sition is said to have been first developed by Thaletas in 
the seventh century B. c., and we still possess fragments 
of hyporchemes by Simonides, Pratinas, Bacchylides, and 
Pindar. 
hyporchesis (hl-por-ke'sis), n. [< Gr. vv6pxn<"f, 
a dancing to the hyporcheme : see hyporcheme.] 
In Gr. antiq., a ehoric dance with singing, ac- 
companied by somo of the chorus with panto- 
mimic action. The poem sung was called a hy- 
porcheme. 
hyporrhythmic (hi-po-rith'mik), a. [< Gr. 
vvoppvd/wf, subrhythinical, < vx6, under, + pvO- 
/ioc, rhythm : see rhythm.] Deficient in rhythm: 
applied to a heroic hexameter in which the end 
of a foot coincides throughout with the end of 
a word. Such a line, having as many diereses as there 
are feet ending within the line, and no true cesura, loses 
all rhythmic coherence and continuity. An example is : 
Sparsis || hastis |] longis || campus || splendgt Ct || horret. 
Entdus. 
hyposcenium (hl-po-se'ni-um), n.; pi. hypo- 
scenia (-a). [NL., <' Gr. vxoaKt/vtov, the wall un- 
der the front of the stage, < im}, under, + ax^vij, 
the stage: see scene.] In the ancient Greek 
theater, the low wall beneath the logeion or 
front part of the stage, which was raised upon 
it above the orchestra or konistra. This wall was 
frequently ornamented with sculptured reliefs, as in the 
Dionysiac theater at Athens, or with columns and other 
architectural features, as in the theater of Epidaurus. A 
flight of steps In the middle or on either side afforded 
communication between the stage and the orchestra. 
hyposkeletal (hl-po-skel'e-tal), a. [< Gr. mo, 
under, + ir/ctAerov, skeleton, T -al.~\ In aiiat., 
developed, as muscles, below the eiidoskeleton : 
opposed to episkeletal. 
The hyposkeletal muscles are separated from the epi- 
skeletal, not only by the endoskeleton of the trunk, . . . 
but by the ventral branches of the spinal nerves. 
Huxley, Anal. Vert., p. 44. 
hypospadia (hi-po-spa'di-a), . [NL., < Gr. 
vrroaTtadioe or imoairaoiaiof, one having hypospa- 
dia, < into, under, + anew, draw.] An arrest of 
development of the male generative organs, the 
urethra being more or less extensively open 
along its under side. Also hypospadias. 
hypospadiac (hl-po-spa'di-ak), a. and . [< hy- 
pospadia + -ac.] I. a. Pertaining to or charac- 
terized by hypospadia. 
H. n. One who is affected by hypospadia. 
hyposphenal (hi-po-sfe'nal), a. [< hyposphene 
+ -al.] Of or pertaining to a hyposphene; 
characterized by or possessing a hyposphene, 
as a vertebra; articulated by means of a hypo- 
sphene : as, a hyposphenal process, vertebra, or 
articulation. Also rarely diplosphenal. 
hyposphene (hi'po-sfen), . [< Gr. ivo, under, 
+ a<t>r/v, a wedge.] The median and single 
wedge-shaped process situated on the neural 
arch below the postzygapophyses of the verte- 
bras of certain extinct reptiles of the Permian 
period: so called by Cope, and later named 
diplosphene by Marsh. The process projects into the 
neural canal from the hinder part of the neural arch, and, 
with a corresponding formation on the fore part of the 
neural arch of a succeeding vertebra, affords an articula- 
hyp< 
Gr. i>T<i, under, + airopd, a spore 
yelav, a vessel.] The indusium growing from 
beneath the spore-case of a fern. Cooke. Also 
called indusium inferior. 
hypostasis (hi-pos'ta-sis), n. ; pi. hypostases 
(-sea). [NL., < Gr. 'iirAaraaic, a supporting, 
foundation, substance, reality, < ra-oVrarof, sub- 
stantially existing, lit. set under, < vQicTdvai, set 
under.pass. stand under, < vx6, under,+ laTa 
hypostatic 
set, = L. stare = E. sta-nd.] 1 . That which un- 
derlies something else; that which forms the 
basis of something ; foundation; support. 2. 
In theol., a person of the Trinity; one of the 
three real and distinct subsistences in the one 
undivided substance or essence of God. The 
Christian uses of the term hypostasi* started from the 
meaning ' a reality ; a real personal subsistence or sub- 
stance.' In this sense the word could be used of God 
either as the Trinity or as each person of the Trinity. Ac- 
cordingly, the meaning of the phrase "character of his [the 
Father's] hmustasig," in Heb. i. :t, has been variously un- 
derstood, the authorized version translating it "express 
image of his person," and the revised version, "the very 
image [margin, the impress] of his substance," and the 
general usage of the early church being unsettled down 
to the time of the Arian controversy. In the Western 
Church the word person (persona, n-poo-fajTrof) had come 
into use in the sense still retained by us, and hypostasit, 
substance, or vubsivtence (xubttlantia, mbzistentia) was 
used as equivalent to ' essence ' (oiicjin). The Greeks ob- 
jected to persona or -npoaia-nov (properly, a mask or dramatic 
character), as conveying the Patripassian or .Sabellian 
idea of a mere difference of manifestation, and irpoo-uiroc 
never became thoroughly adopted as a Greek theological 
terra. At Alexandria, in the third and fourth centuries, on 
the other hand, hypostasis had come to be generally used 
in the sense of ' person,' while at Antioch in the middle 
of the fourth century there were two different parties 
among the orthodox : the Jfeletians, who used hypostaiis 
in the sense of ' person,' and the Eustathians, who used it as 
equivalent to ' substance ' or 'essence ' (oixna). At a coun- 
cil in Alexandria, A. D. 362, under St. Athanasius, it was 
agreed that both parties were equally orthodox, and held 
the same doctrine under a different tei-minology, and after 
this the use of hypostaeis in the sense of ' essence ' was 
gradually abandoned. 
That two natures . . . could have been concentred into 
one hypottasis. Jer. Taylor, Works (ed. 1836), L 769. 
Essence denotes that which is common to Father, Son, 
and Spirit. It denominates the substance, or constitu- 
tional being, of the Deity, which is possessed alike and dif- 
ferently by each of the personal dislinctions. . . . Hypos- 
tasis is a term which was more subtle in its meaning than 
Essence. It denotes not that which is common to the 
Three in One, but that which is distinctive of and pecu- 
liar to them. Shedd, Hist. Christian Doctrine, I. 364. 
3. In metaph., a substantial mode by which the 
existence of a substantial nature is determined 
to subsist byitself and be incommunicable ; sub- 
sistence. 4. A hypothetical substance ; a phe- 
nomenon or state of things spoken and thought 
of as if it were a substance. 
With death the personal activity of which the soul Is 
the popular liypostasis is put into commission among pos- 
terity, and the future life is an immortality by deputy 
(according to Mr. Harrison's theory). Huxley. 
5. Principle : a term applied by the alchemists 
to mercury, sulphur, and salt, in accordance 
with their doctrine that these were the three 
principles of all material bodies. 6. In med. : 
(a) A sediment, as of the urine; any morbid 
deposition in the body. (6) An overfullness of 
blood-vessels caused by a dependent position, 
as of the veins of the legs (varicose veins), etc. ; 
hypostatic congestion. 
Also hypostasy. 
hypostasization (hi-pos'ta-si-za'shon), n. 
Same as hypostatization. 
hypostasize (hl-pos'ta-siz), v. t. [< hypostasis 
+ -iee.] Same as hypostatize. 
The hypostasizing of cause as will seems to us only a 
more refined form of the hypostaxizing of particular pro- 
cesses or forces of Nature as persons, to which mythology 
is largely referable. Westminster Rev., CXXV. 223. 
hypostasy (hi-pos'ta-si), . [< NL. hypostasis, 
q. v.] Same as hypostasis. 
Wheir as in that vnion the rest is an ineffable mysterie, 
the two natures in Christ to haue one subsistence called 
& termed an hypostasie. 
Bp. Gardiner, Explication, fol. 117. 
hypostatic (hl-po-stat'ik), a. [< Gr. moaraTi- 
K6f, belonging to substance, < inroaraTOf, sub- 
stantially existing: see hypostasis.] 1. Re- 
lating to hypostasis; constitutive or elemen- 
tary. The hypostatic principles are salt, sul- 
phur, and mercury. See hypostasis, 5. 
Of late, divers learned men, having adopted the three 
hypostaticall principles, are very inclinable to reduce all 
qualities or bodies to one or other of those three princi- 
ples ; and particularly assign for the cause of blackness 
the sooty steam of a dust or terrified sulphur. 
Boyle, Hist. Colours, Experiment xv. 
2. In theol., personal, or distinctly personal; 
pertaining to or constituting a distinct being 
or substance. See hypostasis, 2. 
Christians who . . . opposed the doctrine of a hypostat- 
ic Logos, ... or of an independent personal subsistence 
of the Divine Word. Encyc. Brit., XVI. 719. 
3. In med., arising from downward pressure; 
caused by dependence: as, hypostatic conges- 
tion. Hypostatlc union, the union of two natures, the 
divine and the human . in the one hypostasis or person of 
Christ. 
The personal or hypostatie union of the two natures in 
Christ. Schaf, Christ and Christianity, p. 80. 
