ilkon 
ilkont, ilkoont, peon. [ME., < i/fc a + on, oon, 
one.] Each one. 
Than were aryneil In number thrltty schippes * flue, 
lllnme with folk inouli, redy to bataile. 
Jtob. </ liruniie, p. 10. 
Thurgh the loud they praysed hir ilkoone. 
Chaucer, Physician's Tale, 1. 113 (Hart. MS8.X 
111 (il), a. and . [< ME. ille, < Icel. illr, in mod. 
Icel. usually with a short vowel, illr = Dan. 
ild- = Sw. ill- (in comp. ; independently only 
as adv.), ill, contr. of the form which appears 
in full in Goth, tibils, AS. yfel, E. evil, etc. : see 
evil 1 .} I. a. 1. Inherently bad or evil; of per- 
nicious quality or character; vicious; wicked; 
malevolent. [In this abstract sense now ob- 
solete, archaic, or local.] 
That was the gifte that she gaf to me 
In 1 1 i r malice, wreth, and ill crnelte. 
Jtom. of Partenay (E. E. T. S.), L 6591. 
Inhumane soules, who, toucht with bloudy Taint, 
//' Shepheards sheare not, but euen Hay your fold, 
To turn the Skins to Cassakins of Gold. 
Sylvester, St. Lewis (trans.), 1. 544. 
Such [fear] as ill men feel, who go on obstinately In 
their /// courses, notwithstanding it. 
Bp. Atterbury, Sermons, II. xv. 
Ill, "vlclous/'iscommon In East Tennessee, and, accord- 
ing to Bartlett, also in Texas, where they ask, "Is your 
dog ill?" meaning vicious. Prof. Schele De Vere says, 
too, that in Texas " an ill fellow " means a man of bad 
habits. I heard a man in the Smoky Mountains say 
"Some rattlesnakes are iller 'n others"; and another 
said that " black rattlesnakes are the illest." 
Trans. Amer. Philol. An., XVII. 39. 
2. Causing evil or harm; baneful j mischie- 
vous; pernicious; deleterious: as, it is an ill 
wind that blows nobody good. 
There's some ill planet reigns ; 
I must be patient, till the heavens look 
With an aspect more favourable. 
Shak., W. T., 11. 1. 
A good dish of prawns. ... I told thee they were ill 
for a green wound. Shak., 2 Hen. IV., U. 1. 
Neither Is it ill air only that maketh an ill seat 
Bacon, Building. 
The image answered him : I am thy ill angell, Brutus, 
and thou shalt see me by the city of Phillppes. 
North, tr. of Plutarch, p. 616. 
3. Marked or attended by evil or suffering; 
disastrous; wretched; miserable: as, an iW fate; 
an ill ending. 
An ill death let me die. B. Jonson, Poetaster, v. 1. 
Thou knowest that, for the most part, his servants come 
to an ill end, because they are transgressors against me 
and my ways. Banyan, Pilgrim's Progress, p. 128. 
To whom no pain nor weariness seemed ill 
Since now once more she knew herself beloved. 
William Morrit, Earthly Paradise, I. 278. 
4. Of bad import, bearing, or aspect ; threaten- 
ing; forbidding; harsh; inimical: as, ill news 
travels fast ; an ill countenance. 
But my noble Moor 
Is true of mind, ... it were enough 
To put him to til thinking. Shak., Othello, Hi. 4. 
A Gallant Man is above ill words. 
Selden, Table-Talk, p. 47. 
Pan came and ask'd. what magic caused my smart, 
Or what ill eyes malignant glances dart? 
Pope, Autumn, 1. 82. 
6. In a bad or disordered state morally; un- 
balanced; cross; crabbed; unfriendly; unpro- 
pitious; hostile: as, ill nature; HI temper; ill 
feeling; ill will. 
There was a fish, and it was a dell o' a fish, and it was 
itt to its young anes. 
J. Wilson, in Mrs. Gordon's Christopher North, I. 
6. In a disordered state physically ; diseased; 
impaired: as, to be ill of a fever; to be taken 
ill; ill health. 
Unquiet meals make ill digestions. Shak., C. of E., v. 1. 
My hand is soo ill as I know not when I shall be able 
to travel. Winthrop, Hist. New England, L 420. 
Here to-night in this dark city, 
When ill and weary, alone and cold. 
Tennyson, The Daisy. 
7. Not proper; not legitimate or polite ; rude; 
unpolished: as, ill manners; HI breeding. 
Oli. What manner of man? 
Mai. Of very ill manner ; hell speak with you, will you 
or no. Shak., T. N., i. 6. 
That's an ill phrase, a vile phrase : beautified Is a vile 
phrase. Shak., Hamlet, II. 2. 
The smoothest verse and the exactest sense 
Displease us, If ill English give offence. 
Dryden and Soame, tr. of Boileau's Art of Poetry, 1. 
Where Modesty's ill Manners, Tis but fit 
That Impudence and Malice pass for Wit. 
Conyrete, Way of the World, 1. 9. 
8. Unskilful ; inexpert : as, I am ill at reckon- 
ing. 
dear Ophelia, I am ill at these numbers ; I have not 
art to reckon my groans. Shak., Hamlet, 11. 2. 
2985 
I am ill at dates ; but I think It IB now better than five 
and-twenty yean ago. Lamb, Ella, p. 241. 
Agatha was ill at contrivance ; but she managed gome- 
how to get away. Mrs. Craik, Agatha's Husband, vil. 
[Except in sense 0, and In some established locutions un 
der the other senses, bad, evil, or some synonymous word 
is now more common than ill. ] 111 at ease. See at ease. 
undertow. Ill blood. Seedad Wood, under Wood. El 
nature. See nature. =8yTL 6. Unuxll, etc. See sick. 
II. n. 1. Evil ; wrong ; wickedness ; deprav- 
ity. 
But she with vehement prayers urgeth itlll 
Under what colour lie commits this in. 
Shak., Lucrece, 1. 476. 
The first steps towards ill are very carefully to be avoid- 
ed, for men insensibly go on when they are once entered, 
and do not keep up a lively abhorrence of the least unwor- 
thiness. Steele, Spectator, No. 448. 
It Is better to fight for the good than to rail at the ill. 
Tennyson, Maud, xxviii. 
2. Misfortune; calamity; adversity; disaster; 
disease ; pain. 
Love worketh no i'M to his neighbour. Rom. xiii. 10. 
Nothing here [In Heaven] is wanting, but the want of ill*. 
G. Fletcher, Christ's Triumph over Death, st. 34. 
Which of you all suspects that he Is wronged, 
Or thinks he suffers greater Hit than Catot 
Addition, Cato, 111. :<. 
Is there one who ne'er 
In secret thought has wished another's ill.' 
Shelley, Kevi.lt of Islam, v. 34. 
3. Anything that is discreditable or injurious. 
This is all the ill which can possibly be said of him. 
Je/erson, In Bancroft's Hist Const., II. 353. 
Comltlal lilt. See cmnitial. 
ill (il), adv. [< ME. Me, < Icel. ilia = Sw. ilia 
= Dan. tide, adv., ill. badly ; from the adj., be- 
ing ult. identical with E. evil 1 , adv. } 1 . Badly ; 
imperfectly; unfavorably; unfortunately. 
I play to please myself e, all be It ill. 
Spenser, Shep. Cal., June. 
Like most of theirs who teach, 
I ill may practise what I well may preach. 
Congreve, Of Pleasing. 
Ill fares the land, to hastening Ills a prey. 
Where wealth accumulates, and men decay. 
Goldsmith, Dei. vil., 1. 51. 
A time like this, a busy, bustling time, 
Suits ill with writers, very ill with rhyme. 
Crabbe, Works, L 169. 
The speaker was in informed. 
Bancroft, Hist. Const., II. 247. 
Shalt thou not teach me, In that calmer home, 
The wisdom that I learned so ill In this? 
Bryant, Future Life. 
2. Not easily; with hardship, pain, or difficulty: 
as, he is ill able to bear the loss. 
Frugal only that her thrift 
May feed excesses she can ill afford. 
Cmcper, Task, U. 661. 
To go 111 with. See to go hard (a), under go. To take 
it ID, to take offense ; be offended. 
Look, when I serve him so, he takes it ill. 
Shak., C. of E., U. 1. 
I was very desirous to go to my boat ; but It was said the 
Sheik would take it ill if I would not stay and eat with him. 
Pococke, Description of the East, I. 113. 
[Of the many compounds of ill with participles or particip- 
ial adjectives, only such are given below as seem to have 
some use or signification not obviously suggested by the 
separate words. In general such pairs are properly com- 
pounded (hyphened) only when they Jointly stand In Im- 
mediate or constructive relation to nouns as direct quali- 
fiers; In other cases ill has only its regular adverbial ef- 
fect.) 
illt (il), v. t. [< ME. illen, < Icel. ilia, harm; from 
the adj.: see itt, a.} 1. To do evil to; harm; 
injure. 
And so, the Sparrow with her angry bill 
Defends her brood from such as would them ill. 
Sylvester, tr. of Du Bartas's Weeks, I. 6. 
2. To slander; defame. 
To ill thy foe, doth get to thee hatred and double blame. 
Babees Book (E. E. T. .\ p. 100. 
illabilet (i-lab'il), a. [< tn-S + labile.} Not 
liable to slip or err; infallible. G. Cheyne. 
illabilityf (fi-a-bil'i-ti), n. [< Mobile + -ity.} 
The quality of being illabile; infallibility. 
And as he has treated all his disciples, so all lapsed In- 
telligent beings must pass through Jesus Christ ... be- 
fore they arrive at perfect infallibility and inability. 
G. Cheyne, Regimen, p. 326. 
ill-advised (il'ad-vizd'), a. Resulting from bad 
advice; injudicious; tending to erroneous or 
injurious consequences: as, an ill-advised pro- 
ceeding. 
In the early part of 1860, Pius IX. had been ill-adri*td 
enough to abandon for a time the attitude of passive re- 
sistance which constituted the real strength of the Papacy. 
B. Dicey, Victor Emmanuel, p. 246. 
ill-affected (il'a-fek'ted), a. I. Not well in- 
clined or disposed: as, ill-affected adherents. 
2f. Affected with bad impressions. Spenser. 
illative 
illapsable't (Map'sa-bl), a. [< illanse + -able.} 
Capable of illapsing, or liable to illapse. 
illapsable'-'t (i-lap'sa-bl), a. [< n- + lapse + 
-uliii .] Incapable of lapsing or slipping. 
Indeed, they may lie morally immutable and illaptablr: 
but this is grace, not nature; a reward of obedience, not 
a necessary annex of our beings. 
Glanville, Pre-existence of Souls, vllL 
illapse (Maps'), r. i. ; pret. and pp. illapsed, ppr. 
illapsing. [< L. illapsus, inlapsus, pp. of illabi, 
inlabi, fall, slip, or flow into, < in, into, + labi, 
fall, slip: see lapse.} To pass, glide, or slide: 
usually followed by into. [Rare.] 
Powerful being illapting into matter. G. Cheyne. 
illapse (Maps'), n. [< L. illapsus, inlapsus, a 
falling, gliding, or flowing in, pp. of illabi, in- 
labi, fall into: see illapse, v.} 1. A gliding 
in or into; entrance as by permeation; influx: 
used especially of the descent of the Holy 
Spirit. 
So let us mind him [Ood] as to admit gladly his gentle 
Olapses. Barrow, Sermon, Trinity Sunday (1063). 
Would we have our spirit softened and enlarged, and 
made fit for the illapses of the divine Spirit 1 
Bp. Atterbury, Sermons, II. xxi. 
As a piece of Iron, by the illapse of the fire Into It, ap- 
pears all over like fire ; so the souls of the blessed, by the 
illapse of the divine essence into them, shall be all over 
divine. J. Norris, Miscellanies. 
It was by the illapte of the dove that the Saviour .Eon 
[according to the Marcoslans] descended upon Jesus. 
Harvey, Iremcus (Cambridge, 1857), L 139, note. 
2. Inspiration ; divine influx. 
Those that pretend to a discovery of them had better 
pretend to oracles, prophecies, illapses, and divinations, 
then to the sober and steady maxfmes of philosophic. 
Bp. Parker, Platonlck Philos. (2d ed.), p. 86. 
3. A falling on; onset. 
Passion's fierce illapse 
Rouses the mind's whole fabrlck. 
Akcnxidf, Pleasures of Imagination, IL 
[Rare in all uses.] 
illaqueable (Mak'we-a-bl), a. [< L. as if *i7- 
laqueabilis,<. illaqueare" inlaqueare, insnare: see 
illaqueate.} Capable of being illaqueated or in- 
snared. Cudicorth. [Rare.] 
illaqueate (i-lak'we-at), v. t.; pret. and pp. il- 
laqueated, ppr. illaqueating. [< L. illaqueatus, 
inlaqueatus, pp. of illaqueare, inlaqueare (> It. 
illaqueare = Pg. illaquear), insnare, < in, in, + 
laqueare, insnare: see lace.} To insnare; en- 
trap; entangle. [Rare.] 
I am illaqueated, but not truly captivated Into your 
conclusion. Dr. II. More, Divine Dialogues. 
illaqueation (i-lak-we-a'shon), n. [< L. as if 
"illaqueatio(n-), < illaqueare, insnare: see illa- 
queate.} 1. The act of illaqueating, or the state 
of being illaqueated, insnared, or entrapped. 
There is a sedncement that worketh by the strength of 
the impression, and not by the subtil ty of the illaqueation. 
Bacon, Advancement of Learning, II. 225. 
He also urgeth the word airrrtt aTO in Matthew doth not 
only signify suspension or pendulous illaqueation, . . . 
but also suffocation, strangulation, or interception of 
breath. Sir T. Browne, Vulg. Err., vil. 11. 
2. A snare; a noose. Johnson. [Rare.] 
illation (i-la'shon), n. [= P. illation = 8p. ila- 
eion = Pg. ill<i<;fit> = It. illazione, < LL. illa- 
Hii(n-), inlatio(n-), a carrying in, an inference, 
a conclusion (tr. Gr. tm^opd), < L. Hiatus, inla- 
tus,m>. of inferre, carry in, infer: see infer.} 
1. The act of inferring from premises; infer- 
ence. 
We consider the collation and reference of the text, and 
then the illation and inference thereof. 
Donne, Sermons, L 
2. That which is inferred ; an inference ; a de- 
duction ; a conclusion. 
From an illustration he makes it an illation. 
Warbvrton, Works, XI. Remarks on Tillard. 
It is permissible to smile at such an illation from such 
a major and minor. -V. and Q., 7th ser., I. 251. 
3. In liturgies: (a) The act of bringing the 
eueharistic elements into the church and pla- 
cing them on the altar. (6) In the Mo:arabic 
liturgy, the eucharistic preface. It is of great 
length, and varies according to the Sunday or 
festival. 
illative (il'a-tiv), a. and n. [= F. illatif= Sp. 
ilativo = Pg. It. illatifo, < L. illativus, inlativus, 
illative, < Hiatus, inlatus, pp. of inferre, infer: 
see infer.} I. a. 1. Relating to illation; draw- 
ing or able to draw inferences. 
Sometimes, I say, this illatire faculty Is nothing short 
of genius. J. B. Heirman, Gram, of Assent, p. 320. 
2. Due to illation ; inferential : inferred. 
His subtle demonstrations present me with an Inferred 
and illative truth at which we arrived not but by the help 
of a train of ratiocinations. Boylr, Works, IV. 421. 
