-in 
fuere, fall, doctrina, teaching, < doctor, a teacher 
(< docere, teach), medicina, medicine, < medians, 
physician, vagina, sheath, etc. In -inus, -inus, 
-anus, -ettus, -onus, -unus, etc., the suffix is prop. 
*-no-,*-na-, being the extremely common Indo- 
Eur. suffix *-na- with a preceding vowel be- 
longing or supplied to the stem. The suffix 
-in, -ine appears sometimes as -en and is ult. = 
AS. and E. -en : see -en 2 , and cf. -an, -ane, -am, 
-one, -une. In margin, origin, virgin, etc., the 
suffix, not felt as such, is historically distinct, 
though related (L. -o, -on-, -in-) : see these 
words.] 1. A suffix of Latin (or Greek) origin 
forming, in Latin, adjectives, and nouns thence 
derived, from nouns, many of which formations 
have come into or are imitated in modern 
Latin and English. The proper English spelling, 
when the vowel is short, is -in, which was formerly in use, 
alongside of -ine, in all cases, as in yenuin, feminin, etc. ; 
but in present spelling -ine prevails, whether the vowel is 
short, as in genuine, feminine, masculine, etc., or long, as 
in canine, divine, equine, etc. The form -in occurs in a few 
words, especially old contracted forms, as matin, a., mat- 
ins, coffin, cousin, pilgnm(tor "jnlgrin), alongside of -ine, 
as in lupin, lupine. In proper names -///'-' is found, as in 
Augustine, Collating, but regularly -in, as in Auaustin, 
Austin, Calvin, Crispin, Justin, etc. 
2. A suffix of Latin origin occurring, unfelt in 
English, in nouns formed as nouns in Latin, as 
in ravin or raven 2 (doublet rapine), ruin, dis- 
cipline, doctrine, medicine, etc. It occurs also 
in its Latin form -ina (which see), and is ulti- 
mately identical with -Hi 2 , -ine 2 . 
-in 2 , -me 2 . [F. -ine = Sp. Pg. It. NL. -ina, < 
L. -ina = Gr. -ivn, fern, of the adj. suffix above 
described, -ii, -ine^ ; used in Gr. as a fern, 
formative dim. and patronymic (= AS. and E. 
-e= G. -in: see -en 3 ), as in f/pulvri, > L. heroina, 
> F. heroine, > E. heroine, whence its use in 
NL. -ina, E. -in 2 , -ine 2 , in forming the names 
of chem. derivatives.] 1. A suffix of Latin or 
Greek origin, ultimately identical with the fern, 
of the preceding (-il, -iiiel), occurring as a 
feminine formative in heroine. 2. The same 
suffix used in a special manner in chemical and 
mineralogical nomenclature, forming names of 
some of the elements, as in bromine, chlorin, etc., 
but usually derivatives, as in glycerin, acetin, etc. 
In spelling usage wavers between -in and -ine. In this 
dictionary, in accordance with the proper pronunciation, 
and with the best recent usage in chemistry, the form -in 
is generally used in preference to -ine when both forms 
are in use. In chemistry a certain distinction of use is 
attempted, basic substances having the termination -iue 
rather than -in, as aconitine, aniline, etc., and -in being 
restricted to certain neutral compounds, glycerides, glu- 
cosides, and proteids, as albumin, palinitin, etc. ; but this 
distinction is not observed in all cases. In names of min- 
erals -ine is generally used. From its chemical use the 
suffix has come to be much used in the formation of trade- 
names, more or less absurd, of proprietary "remedies," 
"cures," soaps, powders, etc. 
-ina 1 . [NL. Sp. Pg. It. -ina, < L. -ina, fern, of 
-inus: see-iwiand-JH 2 .] The feminine form of 
the suffix -in 1 , -mel, in the Spanish, Portuguese, 
Italian, New Latin, and Latin form, occurring 
in some English words adopted from or formed 
after one or another of these languages, as in 
farina, vagina, and other original Latin nouns. 
This suffix is common in New Latin feminine 
generic and specific names. 
-ina 2 . [NL., L., neut. pi. of -inus, adj. suffix : see 
-in 1 , -tnel.] A suffix of Latin or New Latin 
names of groups of animals, being properly ad- 
jectives in the neuter plural, with animalia (ani- 
mals) understood, as in Anoplotherina, Siderina, 
etc. 
inability (in-a-bil'i-ti), n. [= It. inabilitd ; as 
in-f + ability. Ct."inhability.] 1. The state of 
being unable, physically, mentally, or morally ; 
want of ability; lack of power, capacity, or 
means : as, inability to perform a task, or to pay 
one's debts. 
Others, . . . once seated, sit, 
Through downright inability to rise. 
Camper, Task, i. 480. 
There seems to be, in the average German mind, an in- 
ubility or a disinclination to see a thing as it really is, 
unless it be a matter of science. 
Lowell, Among my Books, 1st ser., p. 292. 
Highly nervous subjects, too, in whom the action of the 
heart is greatly lowered, habitually complain of loss of 
memory and inability to think. 
H. Spencer, Prin. of Psychol., 101. 
Specifically 2. In theol., want of power to 
obey the law of God. Theologians have distinguished 
between natural inability, or a supposed total natural 
incapacity to obey the divine law without special divine 
grace, and moral inability, or a want of power due, not 
to incapacity, but to a perverted will. =Syn. Disability, 
Inability (see disability), weakness, incapacity, incompe- 
tence, impotence. 
inablet, v. An obsolete form of enable. 
inablementt, . Same as endblement. 
3026 
inabstinence (in-ab'sti-nens), n. [= F. inab- 
stinence ; as in- 3 + abstinence.] Want of ab- 
stinence ; indulgence of appetite. [Bare.] 
What misery the inabstinence of Eve 
Shall bring on men. Milton, P. L., xi. 476. 
inabstractedt (in-ab-strak'ted), a. [< in- 3 + 
abstracted.'} Not abstracted. Hooker. 
inabusivelyt (in-a-bu'siv-li), adv. [< in- 8 + 
abusively.'] Without abuse. 
That infinite wisdom and purity of intention which re- 
sideth in the Deity, and which makes power to consist in- 
abusively only there, as in its proper sphere. 
Lord Xorth, Light in the Way to Paradise (1632), p. 91. 
inaccessibility (in-ak-ses-i-bil'i-ti), n. [= F. 
inaccessibility = Sp. inaccesibilidad = Pg. in- 
accessibilidade ; as inaccessible + -4ty.~\ The 
character of being inaccessible, or not to be 
reached or approached. 
That side which flanks on the sea and haven needs no 
art to fortify it, nature having supplied that with the in- 
accessibility of the precipice. Butler, Remains, I. 417. 
inaccessible (in-ak-ses'i-bl), a. [= F. inac- 
cessible = Sp. inaccesible = Pg. inaccessivel = It. 
inaccessibile, < LL. inaccessibilis, unapproach- 
able, < in- priv. + accessibilis, approachable: 
see accessible.] 1. Not accessible; not to be 
reached or approached. 
The stars awaken a certain reverence, because, though 
always present, they are inaccessible. Einerson, Nature. 
He was pleased to say that he found me by no means 
the remote and inaccessible personage he had imagined. 
0. W. Holmes, Old Vol. of Life, p. 65. 
2f. Unapproachable in power. 
Curb your tongue in time, lest all the Gods in heav'n 
Too few be and too weak to help thy punish'd insolence, 
When my inaccessible hands shall fall on thee. 
Chapman, Iliad, i. 560. 
Inaccessible altitude. See altitude. Inaccessible 
distances. See distance. 
inaccessibleness (in-ak-ses'i-bl-nes), n. The 
quality or state of being inaccessible. 
inaccessibly (in-ak-ses'i-bli), adv. So as to be 
inaccessible ; unapproachably. 
Ev'n in the absence of Emathia's prince 
At Athens, friendship's unremitted care 
Still in Sandauce s chamber held the queen 
Sequester'd, inaccessibly immur'd. 
Glover, Athenaid, x\i. 
inaccommodatet (in-a-kom'o-dat), a. [< -3 + 
accommodate, a.] Inconvenient; incommodi- 
ous; cramped. 
Halfe of their company dyed, . . . being infected with 
y e scurvie & other diseases, which this long voiage & their 
inacomodate condition had brought upon them. 
Bradford, Plymouth Plantation, p. 91. 
inaccordant (in-a-k6r'daut), a. [< -3 + ac- 
cordant.'] Not in accordance ; not agreeing. 
inaccuracy (in-ak'u-ra-si), M. ; pi. inaccuracies 
(-siz). [< inaccura(te) + -cy.] 1. The state of 
being inaccurate ; want of accuracy. 
A few instances of inaccuracy . . . can never derogate 
from the superlative merit of Homer and Virgil. 
Goldsmith, Metaphors. 
We may say, therefore, without material inaccuracy, 
that all capital, and especially all addition to capital, are 
the result of saving. J. S. Mill. 
2. That which is inaccurate; a mistake; a 
fault ; a defect ; an error. 
The single description of a moonlight night in Pope's 
Iliad contains more inaccuracies than can be found in all 
the Excursion. Macaulay, Moore's Byron. 
=Syn. 1. Incorrectness, inexactness. 2. Slip, inadver- 
tence, blunder. 
inaccurate (in-ak'u-rat), a. [< in-3 + accu- 
rate.] Not accurate; not exact or correct; erro- 
neous; of persons, disposed to commit errors; 
careless as regards accuracy of statement. 
He is often inaccurate in his statement of facts, and 
sometimes hasty in his generalizations. 
Theodore Parker, Historic Americans, vi. 
A notion may be inaccurate by being too wide. 
J. Sully, Outlines of Psychol., p. 369. 
=Syn. Incorrect, inexact, blundering, loose, 
inaccurately (in-ak'u-rat-li), adv. In an inac- 
curate manner; incorrectly; erroneously, 
inacquaintance (in-a-kwan'tans), n. [< in-* + 
acquain tan ce. ] Unaequaintance. 
An inacquaintance with the principles of gravitation. 
W. Russell, Mod. Europe, IV. 290. 
inacquiescent (in-ak-wi-es'ent), a. [< in-3 + 
acquiescent.] Not acquiescent or acquiescing. 
inactt (in-akf), v. t. [<in-^ + act. Cf. enact.] 
To bring into action or a state of activity. 
The soul in this condition was united with the most 
subtile and ethereal matter that it was capable of inact- 
ing. Glanville, Pre-existence of Souls, xiv. 
inaction (in-ak'shon), n. [= F. inaction = Sp. 
inaction = Pg. inaccao = It. itiazione ; as in- 3 
+ action.] Want of action ; abstention from 
labor; idleness; rest. 
inadequation 
If, dead to these calls, you already languish in slothful 
inaction, what will be able to quicken the more sluggish 
current of advancing years? H. Blair, Works, 1. xi. 
One by one, the noiseless years had ebbed away, and left 
him brooding in charmed inaction, forever preparing for 
a work forever deferred. 
H. James, Jr., Pass. Pilgrim, p. 302. 
inactive (in-ak'tiv), a. [= F.inactif= Sp. Pg. 
inactivo, < ML. inactivity, inactive, < L. in- priv. 
+ actirus, active: see active.] Not active or act- 
ing, (o) Incapable of action ; without power of movement 
or exertion ; inert ; lifeless : as, matter is of itself inactive, 
(b) Inoperative; not producing results; ineffective: as, an 
inactive medicine or chemical agent, (c) Not disposed or 
prepared to act ; in a state of non-action ; idle ; indolent ; 
sluggish : as, an inaction man ; inactive machinery. 
I never saw anything so weak and inactive as the poor 
horses were ; they had not agility enough to avoid one 
stroke. H. Swinburne, Travels through Spain, xl. 
A limb was broken ; . . . and on him fell, . . . 
Yet lying thus inactive, doubt and gloom. 
Tennyson, Enoch Ardeu. 
(d) Marked by inaction or sluggishness ; destitute of activ- 
ity : as, an inactive existence ; the inactive stage of insect 
life (that is, the period of metamorphosis, generally passed 
in concealment). =8yn. Inert, Lazy, etc. (see idle), passive, 
supine. 
inactively (in-ak'tiv-li), adv. In an inactive 
manner; idly; sluggishly; without motion, ef- 
fort, or employment. 
Mark how he [your son] spends his time ; whether he in- 
actieely loiters it away when . . . left to his own inclina- 
tion. Locke, Education, 125. 
inactivity (in-ak-tiv'i-ti), n. [= F. inactivity 
= Pg. inactividade ; as inactive + -ity.] The 
condition or character of being inactive ; want 
of action or exertion; indisposition to act or 
exert one's self; sluggishness. 
The commons, faithful to their system, remained in a 
wise and masterly inactivity. 
Sir J. Mackintosh, Causes of Bevolution of 1688, vii. 
=Syn. See idle. 
inactuatet (in-ak'tu-at), . *. [< in- 2 + actu- 
ate. Cf. inact.] To put in action. 
The plastick in them is too highly awakened to inact u- 
ate only an aerial body. 
Glanville, Pre-existence of Souls, xiv. 
inactuationt (in-ak-tu-a'shon), w. [< inactuate 
+ -ion.] Operation. 
That those powers should each of them have a tendency 
to action, and in their turns be exercised, is but rational 
to conceive, since otherwise they had been superfluous. 
And . . . that they should be inconsistent in the su- 
premest exercise and iuaetuation, is to me as probable. 
Glanville, Pre-existence of Souls, xiii. 
inadaptability (in-a-dap-ta-bil'i-ti), n. [< in- 
adaptable: see -biliiy.] Want of adaptability; 
incapacity for adaptation. 
This system is supposed to have the drawback of in- 
adaptability to extensions. 
The Engineer (London), No. 1483. 
inadaptable (in-a-dap'ta-bl), a. [= Sp. ina- 
daptdble; as in-S"+ adaptable.] That cannot 
be adapted ; not admitting of adaptation ; un- 
suitable. 
inadaptation (in-ad-ap-ta'shon), . [< i- 3 + 
adaptation.] The state of being not adapted, 
fitted, or suited. 
inadaptive (in-a-dap'tiv), a. Same as inadapt- 
able. 
inadequacy (in-ad'e-kwa-si), n. [< inadequate) 
+ -cy, after adequacy.] 'The state or quality of 
being inadequate, insufficient, or disproportion- 
ate ; incompleteness ; defectiveness. 
A generation ago discussion was taking place concern- 
ing the inadequacy and badness of industrial dwellings. 
H. Spencer, Man vs. State, p. 51. 
inadequate (in-ad'e-kwat), a. [= F. inadequat 
= Sp. inadecuado = Pg. inadequado = It. in- 
adeguato; as in-3 + adequate.] Not adequate ; 
not equal to requirement; insufficient to effect 
the end desired; incomplete ; disproportionate ; 
defective. 
Inadequate ideas are such which are but a partial or 
incomplete representation of those archetypes to which 
they are referred. 
Locke, Human Understanding, II. xxxi. 1. 
A scene the full horrors of which words . . . would be m- 
adequate to express. Barham, Ingoldsby Legends, 1. 197. 
= Syn. Incommensurate, incompetent. 
inadequately (in-ad'e-kwat-li), adv. In an in- 
adequate manner; not fully or sufficiently. 
Though in some particulars that sense be inadequately 
conveyed to us. Bp. Hurd, To Dr. Leland. 
inadequateness (in-ad'e-kwat-nes), n. The 
state or quality of being inadequate; inade- 
quacy; insufficiency; incompleteness. 
That may be collected generally from the inadequate- 
ness of the visible means to most notable productions. 
J. Goodman, Winter Evening Conferences, p. 11. 
inadequationt (in-ad-e-kwa'shou), n. [< in- s + 
adequation.] Want of exact correspondence; 
incongruity. 
