indusium 
Hutu. uitti<i., one of tho t\v.> tunii-s commonly 
woni by both men and women, probably tin- 
outer tunic, though some archaeologists have 
contended that it was tho inner tunic of tin- 
women. 2. In lint.: ( n) The covering of the sort 
or fruit-dots in 
ferns. i-'n-,|iimt 
ly tile imlllsillni 
is only an excres- 
cence of the epi- 
dermisthat Is, 
the epidermis is 
simply lifted up 
and forms a cov- 
ering of various 
shapes, being 
sometimes lateral, 
sometimes shield- 
shapcd,sometimes 
spherical, etc. In 
other cases it Is 
formed by an out- 
growth of the tis- 
sue of the frond 
itself, and may 
then be composed 
of several layers 
of cells, and its 
border may be en- 
tire or ciliate. In 
the LygodiecK each 
sporangium Is in- 
closed in a pocket- 
shaped formation 
from the tissue of 
the leaf, as if in a 
bract. In certain 
genera, as Ml, 
, u.-\ 
I. part of a fertile pinnule of l.ygodiH,n 
fahKntum showing the scale-like imbricate 
indusia. 3, pinnule of Cystopttris bulbiftra 
with hood-like indusium. 3. part of a \>\\\- 
nuleor/4r//?Kt'um Trichomanes with linear 
indusium. 4, pinnule of Aspidittm acrosli- 
cAoiifes with orbicular indusium. 5, pinnule 
of n'oodsia oblusa showing the inferior in- 
liich early bursts into irregular lobes. 
6. section of a pinnule of l.astrea Jilix-mas 
through the sorus, showing the origin of the 
indusium from the tissues of the frond : a, a. 
indusium; t>, frond; c, c, sporangia. (Fig. 6 
margin of the 
frond is folded or 
rolled back over 
the sori, forming a 
sort of false indu- _ 
slum, as there is highTy'm'agninedT) 
no new formation 
from the frond. In certain other forms it is beneath the 
sporangia, as in Woodsia, when it is said to be inferior. 
Called T>y Cooke hyposporangium. (ft) A collection 
of hairs united so as to form a sort of cup, and in- 
closing the stigma of a flower. 3. Inetoz.,the 
coat or covering of a larval insect, as the case 
of a caddis-worm. 4. In anat., the amnion, 
the innermost membrane enveloping the fetus. 
industrial (in-dus'tri-al), a. and n. [= OF. 
industrial, F. industriel = Sp. Pg. industrial = 
It. industriale, < ML. industrialis, pertaining to 
industry, < L. industria, industry : see indus- 
try.] I. a. Pertaining to industry or its re- 
sults ; relating to or connected with productive 
industry or the manufacture of commodities: 
as, the industrial arts ; an industrial exhibition ; 
industrial activity or depression. 
Much of the national loan has been taken by citizens of 
the industrial classes. Lincoln, in Raymond, p. 168. 
The breaking down of the ancient political divisions . . . 
is furthered by that weakening of them consequent on the 
growing spirit of equality fostered by industrial life. 
//. Spencer, Prin. of Soclol., $ 462. 
Industrial accession, in Scots law, the addition made to 
the value of a subject by human art or labor exercised 
thereon. Industrial school, a school'for teaching one 
or more branches of industry ; also, a school for educating 
neglected children, reclaiming them from evil habits, and 
training them to habits of industry. =8yn. Industrious, 
Industrial. See inttustrious. 
II. n. A person engaged in an industrial 
pursuit; a producer of commodities; a handi- 
craftsman. 
Of Comte's three fundamental classes of society. . . . 
the second or proletariate was subdivided Into merchants, 
industrials, and agriculturists. N. A. See., CXX. 266. 
lu the modest houses scattered along the mountain- 
slopes may be found the establishments of these indus- 
trials, in which the working force of the whole family 
finds active employment. Pop. Sci. Ho., XXIX. 860. 
industrialism (in-dus'tri-al-izm), n. [= F. i- 
ilnstrialisme ; as industrial + -ism.] Devotion 
to industrial pursuits and interests; predomi- 
nance of industrial interests or activity; also, 
the characteristics of industrial life, especially 
of the manufacturing industry. 
lias he not seen the Scottish Hrassmith's Idea [the 
steam enfriue] . . . rapidly enough overturning the whole 
system of Society ; ana for Feudalism and Preservation of 
the Game, preparing us, by indirect but sure methods. 
liuhutrialism and the Government of the Wisest 1 
Carlyle, Sartor Eesartus, il. 4. 
When iit'titxtrialiftm has grown predominant, the vlo- 
lenee and the deception which warriors glory in come to 
be held criminal. H. Spencer, Data of Ethics, 3S. 
That vindictive and short-sighted revolution which is 
extirpating it [the monastic system] from Europe is de- 
stroying one of the best correctives of the excessive in- 
duitrialt'mn of our age. Lecky, Europ. Morals, III. 156. 
industrialist (in-dus'tri-al-ist), a. [= F. <H- 
ilimtrialiutt' : as industrial" + -ist.] Marked by 
the influence of industrialism; character! /.oil 
by industry. 
3071 
What Saint-Simon desired . . . was an iaduntriolut 
tale directed by modern science. Encyc. Brit., XXI. 197. 
industrialize (in-dus'tri-al-iz), v. t. ; pret. and 
pp. industrialized, Ppr. industrializing. [< in- 
dustrial + -ize.] To imbue with the spirit of 
industrialism; interest in industrial pursuits. 
Contempt of civilians, patronage of "trades-people," 
survive from the middle-age predominance of the no- 
blesse, through this necessity, with a persistence that 
strikes our industrialized sense as puerile. 
Ifew Princeton Bee., V. 328. 
industrially (iu-dus'tri-al-i), adv. In an indus- 
trial manner; with reference to industrial pur- 
suits or interests. 
industrious (in-dus'tri-us), o. [= F. indus- 
trieux = Sp. Pg. It. industrioso, < L. industriosus, 
diligent, active, industrious, < industria, dili- 
gence, industry: see industry.'] 1. Given to 
industry; acting or working with diligence; 
sedulous : as, a person industrious in business. 
He himself, . . . being very excellently learned, and in- 
dustrious to seeke out the trueth of these thiuges concern- 
ing the originall of his owne people, hath . . . sett downe 
the t est in ion yes of the annclentes truely. 
Spenter, State of Ireland. 
He is not so well opinion'd of himsclfe as industrious 
to make other, and thlnke (thinks) no vice so preiudieiall 
as blushing. 
Bp. Earle, Mtcro-cosmograpbie, A Forward Bold Man. 
Frugal and industrious men are commonly friendly to 
the established government. Sir W. Temple. 
Supply 
Is obvious, plac'd within the easy reach 
Of temperate wishes and industrious hands. 
Cowper, Task, L 599. 
2. Marked by industry; done with or charac- 
terized by diligence ; busily pursued, performed, 
or employed: as, &n industrious lite; industrious 
researches. 
They gape and point 
At your industrious scenes and acts of death. 
Shak., K. John, a 2. 
Yet man, laborious man, by slow degrees . . . 
Plies all the sinews of industrious toil. 
Cowper, Heroism, 1. 69. 
3f. Expert; clever; shrewd. 
They that be called industrious do most craftely and 
depely vnderstande In al atfayres what is expedient, and 
by what meanes & wayes they may sonest exployte them. 
Sir T. Elyot, The Qovernour, I. 23. 
= Syn. Industrious, Industrial; busy, laborious, active, 
hard-working, sedulous. Industrious, having the activity 
or the moral quality of industry; industrial, connected 
with the application of industry to manufactures : as, the 
industrious ant ; intiustrial statistics. 
Headlong sent 
With his industrious crew to build In hell. 
Milton, P. L., L 751. 
An industrial spirit creates two wholly different types 
of character a thrifty character and a speculating char- 
acter. Lecky, Europ. Morals, I. 146. 
industriously (in-dus'tri-us-li), adv. In an in- 
dustrious manner ; with habitual diligence ; as- 
siduously. 
Principles, let me add, which were still more industri- 
ously disseminated at the Revolution by Locke, at the Ac- 
cession by Hoadly, and a hundred years before either by 
Hooker. Mason, Ded. to Koame Jenyns. 
industriousness (in-dus'tri-us-nes), n. The 
quality of being industrious ; diligence. 
Industrialism is not to be confounded with industrious- 
ness. U. Spencer, Pop. 8cL Mo., XX. 1. 
industry (in'dus-tri), n. ; pi. industries (-triz). 
[Early mod. E. also industrie, industree; =D. 
G. industrie = Dan. Sw. industri, < F. industrie 
= Pr. industria, endtistria = Sp. Pg. It. indus- 
tria, < L. industria, diligence, activity, industry, 
< industrius, OL. indostruits, diligent, active, in- 
dustrious ; formation unknown.] 1. Habitual 
diligence in any employment or task, whether 
bodily or mental ; sedulous attention to busi- 
ness; assiduity. 
During which time, in every good behest, 
And godly worke of Alines and charitee, 
Shee him instructed with great industree. 
Spenter, F. Q.,Lx.45. 
Sterile with idleness, or manured with industry. 
Shak., Othello, 1. 3. 
2. Productive labor; specifically, labor em- 
ployed in manufacturing: manufacture; hence, 
a particular branch of work ; a trade : as, the 
iron industri/; the cotton industry: often used, 
in the plural, of trades in general : as, the arts 
and induntrii's of a country. 
The food of labourers and the materials of production 
have no productive power ; but labour cannot exert its 
productive power unless provided with them. There can 
be no more imluttrii than is supplied with materials to 
work up and food to eat. J. S. Mill, Pol. Econ., I. v. 1. 
The industry of making straw haU began at Hatboro', 
as many other industries have begun in New England, 
with no great local advantages. 
Homlls, Harpers Mag., LXXVII. iso. 
inebriate 
= 8yn. 1. Applicti ',, mi, /. ,,ce, etc. (teeauritluity); ac- 
tivity, laborlousness. 
indutet(in-dut'),. [< L. ndu<, pp. of <//<< 
clothe: see i indue*.] Clothed ; indued. Uallitrrtl. 
indutive (in-du'tiv), a. [< L. inducre, pp. iii- 
flutus, put on : see indue 1 .] In liot., having the 
usual integumentary covering: said of seeds. 
[Rare.] 
induviae (in-du'vi-e), n. nl. [L., clothes, < in- 
dre,puton: seeindwe 1 .] In hot., the withered 
leaves which remain persistent on the stems of 
some plants. 
induvial (in-du'vi-al), a. [< induvue + -al.] 
In '"., persistent as an envelop: applied to a 
calyx when it is persistent and covers the fruit, 
as that of Pliysalis Alkekengi. [Bare.] 
induviate (in-du'vi-at), a. f < induvue + -ate*.] 
In bot., covered with induvite. 
indweller (in'dwel'er), . [< in 1 + dweller.] 
One who dwells in a place; an inhabitant. 
[Chiefly poetical.] 
Since which, those Woods, and all that goodly Chase, 
Doth to this day with Wolves and Thieves abound : 
Which too-too true that lands in-dtrellers since have found. 
Spenser, If. Q., VII. vl. 65. 
An house ready to fall on the head of the indteMer. 
Bp. HaU, Occasional Meditations, 1 110. 
indwelling (in'dwel'ing), a. Dwelling within ; 
living interiorly; specifically, abiding in the 
mind or soul; having a permanent mental 
lodgment: as, an indwelling faith. 
These souls may become temples for indurelling Divin- 
ity. Channing, Perfect Life, p. 25. 
Energy ... is the symbol expressive of that indaelliny 
capacity of doing work possessed by every agent. 
O. H. Lewes, Probs. of Life and Mind, 1st ser., V. L I 4. 
Indwelling grace. See grace. 
indwelling (in'dwel'ing), n. [< ME. indwelling, 
< in 1 + dwelling.] A dwelling within; espe- 
cially, lodgment or habitation in the mind or 
soul. 
The personal indwelling of the Spirit In believers. 
South, Works, V. viL 
Then will humanity on earth be the partner of its Re- 
deemer's love, the sanctuary for his indwelling. 
Bibtiotheca Sacra, .\ 1.111. 506. 
inet, . /' A Middle English form of eyen, 
former plural of eye 1 . 
-ine 1 . See -in 1 . 
-ine 2 . See -t2. 
inearth (in-erth'), v. t. [< in-1 + earth 1 . Cf. 
inter 1 .] To put into the earth ; inter. [Poet- 
ical.] 
Nor did I then comply, refusing rest, 
Till I had seen In holy ground in- m-th'd 
My poor lost brother. 
The Ethiop, keen of scent, 
Detects the ebony. 
That deep-inearth'd, and hating light, 
A leafless tree, and barren of all fruit, 
With darkness feeds her boughs of raven grain. 
Southey, Thalaba, I. 
inebriacy (in-e'bri-a-si), n. [< inebria(te) + 
-cy.] The habit of drunkenness. 
No faith in any remedy for inebriacy, except as an aid 
to ... strong purpose ... of the one who suffers from 
it Christian Union, Dec. 27, 1876. 
inebriant (in-e'bri-ant), a. and n. [= OF. ine- 
briant, < L. inebrian(t-)s, ppr. of inebriare, make 
drunk : see inebriate.] I. a. Intoxicating. 
II. . Anything that intoxicates, as opium. 
inebriate (in-e'bn-at), v.; pret. and pp. inebri- 
ated, ppr. inebriating. [< L. incbriatus, pp. of 
inebriare (> It. inebriare = Sp. Pg. inebriar = 
Pr. enieitrar, eniurar = F. enivrer), make drunk, 
< in, in, 4- ebriare, make drunk, < ebrius, drunk : 
see ebrious.] I. trans. 1. To make drunk; in- 
toxicate. 
The bubbling and loud hissing urn 
Throws up a steamy column, and the cups 
That cheer but not inebriate wait on eacn. 
Coteper, Task, iv. 40. 
2. Figuratively, to exhilarate extravagantly; 
intoxicate mentally or emotionally. 
Let me be wholly inebriated with love, and that love 
wholly spent in doing such actions as best please thee. 
Jer. Taylor, Work* (ed. 1885X I. 7:t. 
The Water blush 'd. and started Into Wine 
Full of high sparkling vigour, taught by mee 
A iweet ineimated extasy. 
Crathair, tr. of Grotius, quoted in N. and Q., 
[7th *er., V. 801. 
The inebriating effect of popular applause. Macaulay. 
n.t intrans. To become intoxicated or stupe- 
fied. 
Fish that come from the Euxine Sea into the fresh water 
do inebriate and turn up their bellies. / :: 
inebriate (in-e'bri-at), a. and n. [< L. inebri- 
atus, pp.: see the verb.] I. </. Drunk; intoxi- 
cated, literally or figuratively. 
