3082 infidel 
___ ^ [< L. in- infestiveH (in-fes'tiv), a. 
liiystery iii Tt I can't compre- "ferMs"low"'that is below, + mediamis, that is Troublesome; annoying, 
hend! Sheridan, The Duenna, iii. 1. v^ ^g middle < medius middle: see median.] For I will all their ships inflame, with whose infestive 
S,?po^ Fear 8 Z k u e ric,andhiddeu n e a rthe,rkeel 8 ,3e j conquer'd 
prickly pod. Also called dn-il's-flg.T.-'- 
infernal 
Well it is the most unaccountable affair ! 'sdeath! there inferomedian (in*fe-ro-me'di-an), a. 
is certainly some infernal mystery in it I can t compre- 
* '* "''" Duenna, iii. 1. 
Ill I [1C UllUtllC, \ MH/W-HtO, *ijl\*^"** . uu~ ....* 
Situated in the middle of the under side, 
ne inferoposterior (in"fe-ro-pos-te'ri-or), a. [< L. 
n * _j* i _~ < i...i Zr, V-nl nttr -I- t/^o#oW/ii' nciTnna.v. 
Greeks shall choke. 
[< infrst + -we.] 
, 
Chapman, Iliad, viii. 151. 
rean Stygian! 2. Devilish, Satanic, flendlike, nefarious. 
II. 11. 1. An inhabitant of hell or of the low- 
er regions. 
That instrument ne'er heard, 
Struck by the skilful bard, 
It strongly to awake; 
But it th' infernalx scar'd, 
And made Olympus quake. 
Drayton, To Himself and the Harp. 
infertile (in-fer'til), a. [= F. infertile = Pg. 
infertil = It. infertile, < LL. infertilis, not fer- 
.., . ,. tile, < L. in- priv. +fertilis, fertile : see/erte.] 
2 A person or thing of an infernal character Not fertile; not fruitful or productive ; barren ; 
in any sense or of Supposed infernal appear- sterile: as, an infertile soil; infertile ideas. 
ance: specifically applied to a fire-ship, tor- 
pedo, infernal machine, or the like. 
This [part of the line] the commodore ordered to be in- 
stantly cut away, for fear of hauling up another of the in- 
femals, as he termed it. 
Men and Manners in America, p. 189. 
infernality (in-fer-nal'i-ti), n. [= Sp. infernali- 
dad = Pg. infernalidade = It. infernalita; as in- 
fernal + -ity.] The character or condition of 
being infernal; hellishness. 
ignorance being of itself, like stiff clay, an infertile 
soil when pride comes to scorch and harden it, it grows 
-u-ous.] Mischievous ; harmful ; noxious. Also 
infestions. 
The natural pravity and clownish malignity of the vul- 
ear sort are, unto princes, as incestuous as serpents. 
Bacon. 
Caus'd them from out his kingdom to withdraw, 
With this infestious skill, some other-where. 
Daniel, To Sir Thos. Egerton. 
perfectly impenetrable. Government of the Tongue. infeudation (in-fu-da'shon), n. [Formerly also 
If we say " Man is man," the proposition is infertile, be- in f eoaation . _ p.' infeodation = Sp. enfeudacion 
ause ^^^^^^^^ Mind T 79 . = p g . enfeudaeao = It. infeudazione, < ML. tn- 
The offspring are usually entirely infertile. feudatio(n-), < infeudare infeodare, confer in 
E. D. Cope, origin of the Fittest, p. 129. fee, < in, in, + feudum,, a feud, fee : see feud*.] 
-ti) 11. [= F. infertilite In Eng. law: (a) The act of conferring an estate 
infertilidade, < LL. i'nfertilita(t-)s, < in- in fee; the relation of lord and vassal estab- 
.,'..,-, m, ^j- liguedby the grant and acceptance of an estate 
= P 
fer tilts, not fertile: see infertile.] The condi- 
The appalling union of the infallibility of Heaven with fc^ nf ^ ncr irl f Art ilA: unnroductiveness : bar- m fee. 
the infernalilyoi Hell. Lowe, Bismarck, II. 261. 
infernally (in-fer'nal-i), adv. In an infernal or 
devilish manner; diabolically; outrageously .- 
All this I perceive is infernally false. Sp. Ilaeket. 
inferno (in-fer'no), n. [< It. inferno, helljthe 
tion of being infertile; unproductiveness; bar- 
renness: as, the infertility of land. 
Commonly the same distemperature of the air that oc- 
casioned the plague occasioned also the infertility or 
noxiousness of the soil, whereby the fruits of the earth be- 
came either very small, or very unwholesom. 
Sir M. Hale, Orig. of Mankind, p. 214. 
The lights of the town dotted and flecked a heaving ra- 
fern<> of black sea with their starlike specks, beyond which 
tumbled the upward avalanches of the breakers. 
If. //. Russell, Diary in India, I. 19. 
dere, strike : see fend 1 .] Hostile; hurtful; mis- 
chievous; harassing; troublesome. 
But with fierce fury and with force infest, 
Upon him ran. Spenser, F. CJ., VI. iv. 5. 
For well she knew the wayes to win good will 
Of every wight, that were not too infest. 
Spenser, F. Q., VI. vi. 41. 
infero-. [Mod. combining form of L. inferus, 
low, or inferior, lower.] An element in some 
recent scientific compounds, meaning 'low' or 
'lower,' and implying that something is below, 
on the lower side, or inferior in position or . 
relation. =&yn. Infero-, lufra-. In zoology these pre- infest (m-fesf), r. JX OF. (also F.) wfester 
Toward others he was so infest and cruell. 
Holland, tr. of Ammianus (1609). 
fixes refer to position or relation of parts, not to quantity, 
quality, or degree. Infero- generally means low or down 
with reference to the thing itself ; infra- means below or 
under something else; liut this distinction is not always 
observed. Thus, n^/ecobranchiate means having the gills 
low down ; j'Hfrabranchial would mean being below the 
gills. 
infero-anterior (in"fe-ro-an-te'ri-or), a. [< L. 
inferus, low, that is below, + anterior, that is 
in front: see anterior. .] Situated below and 
in front. 
inferobranch (in'fe-ro-brangk), n. One of the 
Inferobranchiata. "S.'P. Woodward. Also infe- 
robranchian. 
Inferobranchia (in"fe-ro-brang'ki-a), n. pi. 
[NL. , < L. inferus, low, that is below, + branchial, 
gills.] Same as Inferobranchiata, 2. Latreille, 
1825. 
inferobranchian (in // fe-ro-brang'ki-an), a. and 
. I. a. Same as infe'robranchiate. 
II, n. Same as inferobranch. 
Inferobranchiata (in // fe-ro-brang-ki-a'ta), . 
pi. [NL., neut. pi. of inferobranchiatus: see 
inferobranchiate.] 1. In the old systems of 
De Blainville and Cuvier, an order of nudi- 
branchiate gastropods having lamellar gills un- 
der an expanded mantle, as the families Phi/l- 
= Sp. Pg. infestar = It. infestare, < L. infestare, 
attack, molest, < infesttis, hostile : see infest, a.] 
I. trans. To attack; molest; harass; haunt or 
prowl around mischievously or hurtfully; at- 
tack parasitically. 
The part of the desert towards the convent was very 
that stings the beasts as well as men. 
Pococke, Description of the East, I. 158. 
The cares that infest the day 
Shall fold their tents, like the Arabs, 
And as silently steal away. 
Longfellow, The Day is Done. 
This cow was soon after stolen by a notorious thief named 
Drac, who infested the neighbourhood. 
O'Curry, Anc. Irish, II. xx. 
The county of Suffolk was especially agitated, and the 
famous witch-finder, Matthew Hopkins, pronounced it to 
be infested with witches. Lecky, nationalism, I. 125. 
=Syn. To annoy, harass, torment, plague, vex, molest, 
overrun. 
Il.t intrans. To become confirmed in evil ; 
become habitually vicious. 
Their vitious living shamefully increaseth and augment- 
eth, and by a cursed custome so grown and infested that a 
great multitude of the religious persons in such small 
houses do rather choose to rove abroad in apostasie than 
to conform themselves to the observation of good religion. 
Fuller, Ch. Hist., vi. 310. 
The relation of the lord to the vassals had originally 
been settled by express engagement, and a person wishing 
to engraft himself on the brotherhood by commendation 
or infeudation came to a distinct understanding as to the 
conditions on which he was to be admitted. 
Maine, Ancient Law, p. 353. 
(b) The granting of tithes to laymen. 
A decree of the Council of Lateran, held A. D. 1179, only 
prohibited what was called the infeodation of tithes, or 
their being granted to mere laymen. 
Blackstone, Com., II. iii. 
infibulate (in-fib'u-lat), v. t. ; pret. and pp. in- 
fibulated, ppr. iitfibulating. To clasp or confine 
with or as with a buckle or padlock ; attach a 
clasp, buckle, or ring to. 
infibulation (in-fib-u-la'shon), n. [= F. infibu- 
lation = Pg. infibulayao = ft. infibulazione,<M'L. 
*infibulatio(n-), < L. infibulare, put a clasp or 
buckle on, < in, on, + fibula, a clasp : seefibida.] 
1. The act of clasping or confining with or as 
with a buckle or padlock. 2. The attachment 
of a ring, clasp, buckle, or the like to the sexual 
organs in such manner as to prevent copulation. 
This operation was very generally practised in antiquity 
upon both young men and young women, but in later 
times chiefly upon the latter ; and it is said to be still in 
Hdiidw and Dinhyllidiidfe. In De Blainville's classi 
fication(i825)theyweretheiourthorderof his second sec- infestation (m-fos-ta'shon), n. [= F. infesta- 
tion = Sp. infcstacion = Pg. infestaqao = It. 
infestazioiie, < LL. infestatio(n-}, a molesting, 
tion of Paracephalophora monoica, composed of the two 
gene_ra PhyUidia, and Linguella. 
2. In later systems, a suborder of nudibran- 
chiates extended to include forms without 
branchiae, but otherwise resembling the typi- 
cal forms. Thus extended, the order embraces the fam- 
ilies Phyllitliidae, HypobranchaMce, Pleurophylliidte,a.nA 
Dermatobrunchiidce. 
Also called Inferobranchia, Hypobranchia, 
Hypobranchiata, Dipleurobranchia. 
troubling, < L. infestare, molest : see infest, v.] 
1. The act of infesting or harassing; harass- 
ment; molestation. 
Touching the infestation of pirates, he hath been care- 
ful. Bacon, Speech in the Star-Chamber, 1617. 
Infranchiz'd with full liberty equal to their conquerors, 
whom the just revenge of ancient pyracies, cruel captivi- 
Hiipobra ictoata, VtoleuroOrawsMa. anfl the caugeleft infextatim - 6i our coagt had war . 
mierobrancniate (m^te-ro-brang ki-at), o. ran t a bly call'd over, and the long prescription of many 
and n. [< NL. inferobranchiatus, < L. inferus. 
low, that is below, + branchial, gills.] I. a. 
Having the gills inferior in position; specifi- 
cally, of or pertaining to the Inferobranchiata. 
Also inferobranchian. 
II. n. A member of the Inferobranchiata. 
, 
hundred years. Milton, Articles of Peace with the Irish. 
2. A harassing inroad; a malignant or mis- 
chievous invasion. 
The experiences of remorse anil horror I was undergo- 
ing were diabolic infestations, rather than any legitimate 
operation of the Divine spirit within me. f . = ___ 
inferolateral (in"fe-ro-lat'e-ral), a. [< L. in- S. Jam's, Subs, and Shad., p. 123. j ects the inspiration of the Scriptures, or the 
ferus, low, that is b'elovy, + "idius (later-), side: infester (in-fes'ter), . One who or that which divine origin and authority of Christianity as 
infests. revealed in the Bible. 
= It. infedele, faithless, unfaithful, 
unbelieving, < L. infidelis, unfaithful, faithless 
(LL. unbelieving, ML. also as noun, an unbe- 
liever), < in- priv. + fidelis, faithful: see fidelity, 
feal 1 .] I. a. 1. Without faith; unbelieving; 
disbelieving; especially, rejecting the distinc- 
tive doctrines of a particular religion, while per- 
haps an adherent of some other religion. 
The barbarous Turk is satisfied with spoil ; 
And shall I, being possess'd of what I came for, 
Prove the more infidel ? 
Fletcher (and another), Love's Cure, v. 1. 
Specifically 2. Bejecting the Christian re- 
ligion while accepting no other; not believing 
in the Bible or any divine revelation : used es- 
pecially of persons belonging to Christian com- 
munities. 3. Due to or manifesting unbelief. 
Through profane and infidel contempt 
Of holy writ. Cowper, Task, i. 740. 
II. n. 1. An unbeliever ; a disbeliever ; one 
who denies the distinctive tenets of a particular 
religion. 
And sore we war offeryd to be dryff in to Barbaria, 
where Dwellyth ower Mortall Enimys, as Turkes, Mam- 
noluks, Sarrazyns, and other infideliis. 
Torkington, Diarie of Eng. Travel!, p. 59. 
Now, infidel [Shylock], I have thee on the hip. 
Shak., M. of V., iv 1. 
On her white breast a sparkling cross she wore, 
Which Jews might kiss, and infidels [Mohammedans] 
adore. Pope, R. of the L., ii. 7. 
Mohammed . . . now began to threaten the infidels 
with the Judgment of God for their contempt of His'mcs- 
sage and His messenger. Encyc. Brit., XVI. 640. 
Specifically 2. A disbeliever in religion or 
divine revelation in general; especially, one 
who denies or refuses to believe in the Christian 
religion while accepting no other ; one who re- 
see lateral.] Situated below and to one side ; 
inferior and lateral. 
322. 
Hurley, Anat. Invert., p. infesteredt (in-fes'terd), a. [< in- 2 + fester 1 + 
.] Rankling; inveterate. 
Have mercy upon all Jews, Turks, Infidels, and Heretics. 
Book of Common Prayer, Collect for Good Friday. 
