Infringe 
infringe (in-frinj'), '.; pret. ami pp. iufriiit/i'd. 
ppr. iiij'fiiii/i/i;/. [< L. iitfringere (> It. /- 
friiiiii-n- = Sp. Pg. iiil'riiii/ir = F. eiifrfindri'), 
break off, break, bruise, weaken, destroy, < in, 
in, + frangerr, break: see fraction, and d'. /- 
/raetf.] f. fra/M. 1. To commit a breach or in- 
fraction of; act contrary to, as a law. right, or 
obligation; transgress, either by action or by 
negligence ; violate ; break. 
The King told them it never was In his Thought to t'n- 
/Vi'ii.w their Lil>i'rties. Bake.r, chronicles, p. ISO. 
Why should we attempt to infringe the rights and prop- 
erties of our neighbors? 
Waehinyton, quoted in Bancroft's Hist. Const., I. 456. 
He could infringe the franchises of the fellows of a col- 
lege and take away their livings. 
D. Wetmter, Speech, March 10, 1818. 
2f. To annul or hinder. 
Homilies ... do not infringe the efficacy, although hut 
read. Booker, Eccles. Polity. 
All our power 
To be infringed, our freedom and our being. 
Milton, P.R.,1. 62. 
II. intrant. To encroach; trespass; intrude: 
followed by on or upon: as, to infringe upon 
one's rights. 
The sides of the front are dilated, infringing on the eyes. 
Sum. 
= 8yn. Enrriiach upon, Trench upon, etc. See tretpazx, 
v. i. 
infringement (in-frinj'ment),)>. [< infringe + 
-mentT] A breach or infraction, as of a law, 
right, or obligation; violation; transgression. 
We scarce ever had a prince who, by fraud or violence, 
had not made some infringement on the constitution. 
Bnrlte, Vind. of Nat. Society. 
Where an attempt at infringement was made, the aggres- 
sor found himself matched against a wide and powerful 
union of powers instinctively actuated by the intention 
of right Stuliux, Medieval and Modern Hist., p. 213. 
Infringement of copyright, patent, or trade-mark, 
such a copying, Imitation, or reproduction as violates the 
exclusive right of the owner, and therefor will sustain an 
action. Syn. Breach, non-fulfilment, invasion, intrusion, 
trespass, encroachment. 
infringer (in-frin'jer), n. One who infringes or 
violates ; a violator. 
To see the infringers of this commandment to be im- 
prisoned, he gave charge to all justices, maiors, sheriffs, 
bailiffs, and constables. 
Striipe, Memorials, Edw. VI., an. 1548. 
infringiblet (in-frin'ji-bl), a. [< OF. infringible, 
in frangible, < L. in- priv. + frangere, break.] 
Unbreakable; indissoluble. [Rare.] 
Hailing betwixt themselues sealed with their hands the 
iitfrini/ible band of faith and troth in the heart, . . . bee 
tooke leaue of his fake lady. 
Breton, An Olde Man's Lesson, p. 13. 
infructuose (in-fruk'Ju-6s), a. Same as infruc- 
titoii*. 
infructuous (in-fruk'tu-us), a. [= F. infruc- 
iiu'iix = Pr. infructuos = Sp. Pg. infructuoso 
= It. infrnttnoso, < L. infriietuosux, unfruitful, (. 
in- priv. + frwctuostts, fruitful : see fructuous.] 
Not fruitful; unproductive ; unprofitable. 
Lntheranism . . . bound itself hastily to definitions and 
formula; which produced new divisions, and a scholasti- 
cism more bitter, controversial, and infructnou* than the 
old. Contemporary Ken., LIV. 715. 
infructuously (in-fruk'tu-us-li), ado. In an in- 
t'ructuous manner; uselessly; unprofitably. 
He [the actor] soon found that his art was infntctw)ii#ly 
employed in obtaining applause; his reputation began to 
depend upon press notices. 
Dion Bomicault, X. A. Rev., CXLV. ai. 
infrugal (in-fro'gal), a. [< -3 + frugal.'] Not 
frugal; extravagant; prodigal; wasteful. 
What should betray them to such infrugal expences of 
time, I can give no account without making severe reflex- 
ions on their discretion. 
J. Goodman, Winter Evening Conferences, p. 21. 
infrugiferoust (in-fri?-jif 'e-nis), a. [< fii-3 + 
flrvgybroiu.] Not bearing fruit. Jiailei/, 17:27. 
infucatet (in'fu-kat), v. t. [< LL. (MVM&u, 
painted, as if pp. of "iiifncare, paint, < HI, in, 
on, + furart; paint, (fucus, paint: see fitcus.] 
To paint; stain; daub. Coles, 1717. 
infucationt ^in-fu-ka'shon), H. [< infucate + 
-mi/.] The act of painting or staining, espe- 
cially the face. E. Phillips, 1706. 
infula (in'fu-la), .; pi. infuhe (-le). [L., a 
band, a woolen fillet.] 1. In Rum. antiq., a 
flock of white and rod wool, drawn into the 
form of a wreath or fillet, worn on the head on 
solemn occasions, as by priests and vestals, 
mi'] hound to tho head of sacrificial victim*. 
Brides iilso carried wool on a distaff, which they twisted 
into an infnht and fixed upon the husband's door on enter- 
ing his house. 
2. Ecclvx.: (a) In the ancient diureli, a head-cov- 
ering of Christian priests or bishops. (6) In 
medieval times, a chasuble. (<) One of the two 
3091 
lappets of a miter. Formerly called /niton . 3. 
In t>cr. : (a) A cap or head-dress used an a bear- 
ing. Many different forms have been used, (b) 
One of the ribbons of a miter or of the electoral 
crown, generally represented as fringed. 
Two short bands of some rich material, fringed at the 
ends, form the injiitm of a mitre, and depend from it, one 
mi either Bide. A'/i, /. Brit., VI. 408. 
infumate (in'fu-mat), v. t. ; pret. and pp. infu- 
niiitfil, ppr. iitj'ii muting. [< L. infumatus, pp. 
of infumare, smoke: see infuine.'] To dry by 
smoking; smoke. 
Infiiiiinifd, smoked ; dried in the smoke. Bailey, 1737. 
infumate (in'fu-mat), a. [< L. infumatus, pp.: 
see the verb.] In entom., clouded slightly with 
brownish black; shaded as if with smoke, 
infumated (in'fu-ina-ted), a. Same as infu- 
wfitr. 
infumation (in-fu-ma'shon), H. [< infumate + 
-KIII.] The act of drying or curing in gmoke; 
smoking. Bailey, 1731. 
infumet (in-fum'), v. t. Same as enfume. 
in fund (in-fund'), v. t. [< L. infundere, pour 
in: see tnfound, an older form. Cf. fuse 1 .] To 
pour in. Davieg. 
They are . . . only the ministers of Him which infumt- 
elh and poureth into all men grace. Becon, Works, II. 582. 
infundibula, n. Plural of infundibulum. 
infundibular (in-fun-dib'u-l&r), a. [< infun- 
dibulum + -ar s .] Same as infundibuliform. 
Infundibulata (in-f un-dib-u-la'tft), n. pi. [NL., 
neut. pi. of infumlibulatus: see infundibulate.} 
Gervais's name for the marine polyzoans as an 
order of Polygon which have the cell-mouth cir- 
cular and infundibulate. It corresponds to the 
modern order (jymnolcrmata, and contains the Ckilosto- 
iitata, CyclnKtomata, and Ctenortomata, as distinguished 
from the Phylactolannata. 
infundibulate (in-fun-dib'u-lat), a. [< NL. 'n- 
fundibulatus, < L. infundibulum, funnel : see i/i- 
fundibulttm.] 1 . Having a funnel or infundibu- 
lum ; specifically, of or pertaining to the Infun- 
dibulata. 2. Same as infundibiiliform. 
infundibuliform (in-funHlib'u-li-f6nn), a. [< 
L. infundibulum, a funnel, -t- forma, shape.] 
Having the form of a funnel; , 
funnel-shaped. 
Where the sac of an inguinal hernia 
passes through the Internal ring, the in- 
fiiwlibtilifonn process of the transvcr- 
snlis fascia forms one of its coverings. 
H. Gray, Anat, 
Specifically (n) In bot. , having the form 
of a tube enlarging gradually upward 
and spreading widely at the summit: 
said of a gamopetalous corolla, as that of 
a morning-glory, (ft) In rnlom., applied 
to joints of the antennn?, etc., when the 
nasal part is cylindrical or nearly so, and 
the apical part gradually increases in di- 
ameter: distinguished from crateriform. 
Also infundibular, infundibulate. 
Certain ciliated infundilnilifnrm organs . . . occur on 
the Intestinal mesentery of Sipunculus. 
Encyc. Brit., II. 70. 
Infundibuliform fascia. Seofatda. 
infundibulum (in-fun-dib'u-lum), n. ; pi. infun- 
dibula (-la). [L., a funnel, lit. that which is 
poured into, < infundere, pour into, < HI, into, 
4- fiindere, pour: see founds, fuse 1 . Hence 
u\t. funnel.] 1. In anat., a funnel-shaped organ 
or part. 2. In cool.: (a) The funnel or siphon 
of a cephalopod, formed by the coalescence or 
apposition of the epipodia: supposed by Hux- 
ley to be formed by the union and folding into 
a tubular form of processes which correspond 
to the epipodia of pteropods and branchiogas- 
tropods. See cut under Dibrancliiata. (b) 
One of the gastric cavities of the Ctcnoplioru , 
into which the gastric sac leads; a chamber con- 
necting the gastric cavity with the entire sys- 
tem of canals of the body, and also leading to 
the aboral pores. It corresponds to the com- 
mon axial cavity of actinozoans. See cut under 
CfmopAoro, (c) The dilated upper extremity 
of the oviduct of a bird, whicn receives the 
ovum from the ovarium, corresponding to the 
fimbriated extremity of the Fallopian tube of a 
mammal. 3. [on/'.] A genus of mollusks. 
Infundibula of the kidney. * () The calyces, (ft) The 
two or three main divisions of the pelvis of the kidney, 
formed by the confluence of the calyces Infundibula 
of the lungs, the elongated and funnel shaped sacs set 
with air-cells which terminate the air-passages of the 
lungs. Infundibulum of the brain, the funnel shaped 
downward proloni.-;iii. m of the floor of the third ventricle, 
which it connects with the pituitary body. Infundibu- 
lum Of the COChlea, the thin plate of ton*, shaped like 
one half of a funnel divided longitudinally, at the apex of 
the modiolus of the ear. It is the termination of the lam- 
ina of bone whieh tiividi s tin- turns of the coohlea from 
one another. Infundibulum of the ethmoid bone, 
tin' passage in the ethmoid bone which leads up from the 
infuse 
middle mcatns of the nose to the anterior ethmoid cells. 
Infundibulum of the heart, the oinieal upper part 
of the right ventrli -le, from which the pulmonary artery 
arises. Also called ronu* artrt iottut (.arterial cone). 
infuneralt (iu-fu'ne-ral), * ' L< i- a +/- 
ni i. J To bury with funeral rites. 
As though her flesh did but infttni-ral 
Her buried ghost. (J. Fletcher, ( hrisfs Victory. 
infurcation ^in-fi-r-ka'shgn), . f < in- 2 + fur- 
nd 
cation. Cf. ML. infvrcare, susj 
< L. in, on, + fureare, fork, 
on a gibbet, 
bet.] A forked 
Inrundihulifonn 
Corolla of Datura 
Stra rn,<i: tu "i . 
expansion or divergence. Craig, 
infuriate (in-fu'ri-at), f. t.; pret. and pp. infu- 
riated, ppr. infuriating. [< ML. infuriatus, pp. 
of iiifuriare, enrage, < L. in, in, + furiare, en- 
rage, </ria, rage, fury: Bee fury.] To render 
furious or mad ; enrage ; make raging. 
They tore the reputation of the clergy to pieces by their 
infuriated declamations and invectives, before they lacer- 
ated their bodies by their massacres. 
Burke, A Regicide Peace, II. 
infuriate (in-fu'ri-at), a. [< ML. infuriatun, 
pp.: see the verb.] Enraged; raging; mad: 
as, an infuriate lunatic. 
A mine with deadly stores 
Infuriate burst, and a whole squadron'd host 
Whirl'd through the riven air. 
H'. Thompson, Sickness, v. 
infuscate (in-fus'kat),.r. /.; pret. and pp. /.s- 
cated, ppr. infuscating. [< L. infuseatus, pp. of 
infuscare, make dark or dusky, < in, in, 4- fun- 
care, make dark, </.,, dark, dusky: see/w*- 
coiis. Cf. obfuscate.'] To darken ; make dusky ; 
obscure. Bailey. [Bare.] 
infuscate (in-fus'kat), a. [< L. infuscatus, pp. : 
see the verb.] In en tow., clouded with brown ; 
darkened with a fuscous shade or cloud: as, 
apex of the wing infuttcate. 
infuscation (in-fus-ka'shon), H. [< iitfuscate 
+ -ion.] The act of darkening ; obscuration ; 
the state of being dusky or clouded. Bailey. 
[Bare.] 
infuse (in-fuz'), v. t.; pret. and pp. infused, ppr. 
infusing, [< ME. enfusen = F. infttser, (. L. t'n- 
fusuit, pp. of infundere, pour in, spread over : see 
infund, infound.] 1. To pour in or into, as a 
liquid; introduce and pervade with, as an in- 
gredient: as, to infuse a flavor into sauce. 
Tis born with all : the love of Nature's works 
Is an Ingredient In the compound man 
Infuv'd at the creation of the kind. 
Coirper, Task, IT. 738. 
2. To introduce as by pouring; cause to pene- 
trate; insinuate; instil: with 'fo: chiefly in 
figurative uses. 
Many other axioms and advices there are touching those 
proprieties and effects which studies do it(fute and Instil 
into manners. Bacon, Advancement of learning, ii. 291*. 
It Is tropically observed by honest old Socrates that 
heaven infuxcx tnto some men at their birth a portion of 
intellectual gold. Irviny, Knickerbocker, p. 812. 
It [Alexander's conquest) had the effect of uniting into 
one great interest the divided commonwealths of Greece, 
and infivring a new and more enlarged public spirit into 
the councils of their statesmen. Etnemon, War. 
3. To steep; extract the principles or Duali- 
ties of, as a vegetable substance, by pouring's 
liquid upon it ; make an infusion of. 
Yet such [Rack] as they have they esteem as a great 
Cordial ; especially when Snakes and Scorpions have been 
infused therein, as I have been Informed. 
Dampier, Voyages, II. L S3. 
One ounce of dried leaves is infused in ten ounces of 
warm water. Core. 
4. To affect or modify by infusion; mingle: 
hence, to imbue; tinge: followed by with. 
Drink inftiied m'th flesh will nourish faster and easier 
than drink and meat together. Bacon, Nat. Hist. 
Methlnks a woman of this valiant spirit 
Should, 11 a coward hear her speak these words, 
fnfute his breast trtTA magnanimity. 
SA<i*., 3 Hen. VI., r. 4. 
Besides, the Briton is so naturally in,fni'd 
Wi'h true poetic rage that in their measures art 
Doth rather seem precise than comely. 
Draytun, Polyolbiou, rt 264. 
5t. To pour, or pour out ; shed; diffuse. 
Yf ofte nppon the rootes as thai stonde 
The boles guile enfu*ed be. 
Palladium, Htlsbondrie (E. E. T. S.), p. 88. 
With those clear rays which she t'nfut'd on me, 
That beauty am I bless'd with which you may see. 
Shot., 1 Hen. VI., t !. 
Infused cognition. See cognition. =Syn. 2. Intlil, In- 
'ulraff, etc. See implant. 
infuset (in-fuz'), n. [< L. I'M/ttStts, a pouring in, 
< infundere, pp. infusus, pour in : see infuse, r.] 
An infusion. 
Vouchsafe to shed into my barren spright 
-Snne little drop of thy celestiiUl dew, 
That may my rymes with sweet infiitf embrew. 
Sptmer, Hymn of Heavenly Lore. L 47. 
