injunction 
tory writ or interdict against some act of a party, such as 
waste, nuisance, piracy, etc. 
injure!, A Middle English form of injury. 
injure (in'jor), v. t. ; pret. and pp. injured, ppr. 
injuring. [Formerly also injury, q. v. ; < OF. 
injurier, injurer, F. injurier = Pr. enjuriar = Sp. 
Pg. injuriar = It. ingiuriare, < L. injuriari, do an 
injury, injure, < inj'uria, an injury: see injury.] 
To doharm to; inflict damageor detriment upon; 
impair prdeteriorate in any way ; subject to any 
deleterious or noxious action or influence ; hurt ; 
harm : a word of very wide application : as, to 
injure property by misuse or neglect; to injure 
the health by overwork or dissipation ; to injure 
another's reputation by slander; to injure the 
cause of morality by bad example. 
When have I injur'd thee? when done thee wrong? 
Or thee? or thee? or any of your faction? 
A plague upon you all ! Shak., Rich. III., i. 3. 
Ay me ! can Pity injure Justice so 
As to relieve me with a gracious glance ? 
J. Beaumont, Psyche, ii. 148. 
He [Bacon] thought he could serve Essex without injur- 
ing himself. Macaulay, Lord Bacon. 
=Syn. To mar, disfigure, abuse, maltreat, wrong. 
in jure (in jo're). [L.: in, in; jure, abl. of jus 
(jur-), right, law : eeejusft.'] In law; in juris- 
prudence. Confession In jure, in Horn. law. See 
confession, 1 (e). 
injured (in jord), p. a. Manifesting a sense of 
injury; hurt; offended. 
The keeper had ftred four times at an Indian, but he said, 
with an injured air, that the Indian had skipped around 
so 's to spile everything. S. L. Clemens, Roughing It, iv. 
injurer (in'jjir-er), n. One who or that which 
injures or harms. 
HI deeds are well turned back upon their authors; 
And 'gainst an injurer the revenge is just. 
B. Jonson, Catiline, iv. 4. 
The upright judge will countenance right, and discoun- 
tenance wrong, whoever be the injurer or sufferer. 
Bp. Atterbury. 
An injured man may be moved by an impulse of pity to 
spare his injurer, while a regard for justice and a desire 
of revenge combined impel him to inflict punishment. 
H. Sidgwiek, Methods of Ethics, p. 349. 
injuria (in-jo'ri-a), . [L. : see injury.] In 
law, a violation of rights ; a wrong of such na- 
ture that the law will take cognizance of it. 
Injury includes all kinds of hurt. Injuria does not in- 
clude those that are done without any violation of right, 
as where one consents to undergo a surgical experiment, 
or where a child is punished by its parent, or where pub- 
lic authority changes the grade of n road which it has free 
right to change, impairing the use and value of the property 
of the abutting owner. In all these cases there may be 
injury, but no injuria. Such a case is damnuni absque 
injuria. Injuria absque damno [L.: injuria, injury 
(see injury) ; absque abe, off, from, with generalizing 
suffix -que\ without; damno, abl. of damnum, harm : see 
damnuin), a violation of one's lights without causing any 
harm, as where, to a stream which was already sufficiently 
polluted by others to complete the nuisance to an own- 
er below, another wrong-doer adds other foul matter; or 
where one sets his foot on another's land against objection, 
but doing no harm. In such cases the law gives a remedy, 
but the absence of damage is considered in determining 
the measure of relief or redress. 
injurious (in-jo'ri-us), a. [< P. injuricux = Pr. 
enjurios = Sp. Pg. injurioso = It. ingiurioso, < 
L. injuriosus, acting unjustly, wrongful, inju- 
rious, < injuria, wrong, injury : see injury.'} 1. 
Tending to injure or impair; inflicting harm, 
wrong, or mischief; of a harmful nature or 
quality; deleterious; detrimental; hurtful: as, 
an injurious action or speech; conduct injuri- 
ous to health or morality. 
Tho' I have been content to let you debate the Matter 
of Succession, yet I advise you to beware, that you be not 
injurious to your Prince's Patience. 
Baker, Chronicles, p. 335. 
One part of carbonic acid in a thousand parts of re- 
spired air indicates the presence of an amount of organic 
matter which, according to Dr. Parkes, is perceptible to 
the senses and positively injurious to health. 
Huxley and Youmans, Physiol., 383. 
2. Prone to injure; having disposition or ca- 
pacity to inflict harm or suffering; hostile; 
dangerous. 
Did injurious nature bind 
My soul earth's 'prentice, with no clause to leave her? 
Quarles, Emblems, v. 13. 
The result is the death of his proud and injurlmLs en- 
emy. Twknor, Span. Lit, I. 130. 
Yet beauty, though injurious, hath strange power, 
After offence returning, to regain 
Love once possess'd. Milton, S. A., 1. 1003. 
3. Abusive; insulting. 
Injurious duke, that threat's! where is no cause. 
Shak., 2 Hen. VI., i. 4. 
sharp was his voice, which, in the shrillest tone, 
Thus with injurious taunts attack'd the throne. 
Pope, Iliad, ii. 274. 
= Syn. 1. Damaging, disadvantageous, prejudicial, mis- 
chievous, destructive. 
3102 
injuriously (in-jo'ri-us-li), adv. In an injurious 
or hurtful manner; wrongfully; mischievously; 
abusively; maliciously. 
I mean that defence of myself to which every honest 
man is bound when he is injuriously attacked in print. 
Dryden, Hind and Panther, Pref. 
The poison of the cobra acts far more injuriously on the 
protoplasm of the higher animals than on that of Drosera. 
Darwin, Insectiv. Plants, p. 209. 
in.juriousness (in-jo'ri-us-nes), n. The quality 
of being injurious or harmful; hurtfulness. 
Some miscarriages might escape, rather through sudden 
necessities of state than any propensity either to injuri- 
ousness or oppression. Eikon Bagilike. 
injury (in' jo-ri), n.; pi. injuries (-riz). [< ME. in- 
jurie, also injure; < OF. (and F.) injure = Pr. 
injuria, enjuria = Sp. Pg. injuria = It. ingiuria, < 
L. injuria, wrong, violence, harm, injury, < in- 
jurius, acting unlawfully or wrongfully, injuri- 
ous, < in- priv. + jus (jur-), law, right : Me/W&1 
1. That which injures; harm inflicted or suf- 
fered; mischief; damage; hurt. 
And put to all iniuryes yt myght be deuysed, and fynal- 
ly condempned to deth. 
Sir B. Guylforde, Pylgrymage, p. 29. 
She us'd few words, 
But yet enough to make me understand 
The baseness of the injury you did her. 
Beau, and Ft., Maid's Tragedy, T 4. 
There is no such injury as revenge, and no such revenge 
as the contempt of an injury. 
Sir T. Broume, Eeligio Medici, ti. 7. 
The former [private] wrongs are an infringement or pri- 
vation of the private or civil rights belonging to individu- 
als considered as individuals ; and are thereupon frequent- 
ly termed civil injuries. Blackstone, Com., III. i. 
2f. Injurious speech ; detraction; calumny. 
He fell to bitter Invectives against the French king, and 
spake all the injuries he could devise of Charles. Bacon. 
Mess. "Tell him," quoth she, "my mourning weeds are 
done, 
And I am ready to put armour on." 
K. Edu>. . . . But what said Warwick to these injuries! 
Sftot.,SHen. VI., iv. 1. 
Civil Injury, a violation of a right of a party, as distin- 
guished from a criminal offense ; a wrong in respect of 
which the law entitles the injured party to redress for his 
own benefit against the wrong-doer, as distinguished from 
the amenability of the wrong-doer to punishment by the 
state. The same act may be both a civil injury and a 
criminal offense, as an assault or a libel. Civil injury has 
been sometimes defined as the violation of the right of an 
individual as an individual ; but by this is meant only the 
game distinction. The violation of a private right of a 
corporation, or even of the state, such as the breach of a 
contract with the government, is a civil injury as truly as 
if it affected only an individual. Irreparable injury. 
See irreparable. = Syn. 1. Injury, Detriment, Damage, 
Hurt, Harm, Mixchtef, Injustice. These words represent 
evil inflicted with or without intention, except that in the 
last three instances it is presumablyintentional. Each has 
considerable range of m eaning. Inj u ry is the general word, 
but usually expresses more than slight loss ; damage is a 
diminution of value greater than detriment; harm is pre- 
sumably less in degree and kind ; by hurt we mean some- 
thing more serious, especially something physical and at- 
tended with pain ; mischief may be great, especially wide- 
spread, and is often the result of wantonness or love of 
evil. Injustice is the strongest in its expression of inten- 
tion. Detriment is chosen when the smallest degree of 
harm is to be included : as, it is the duty of the dictator 
to see that the state suffers no detriment. See loss. 
injuryt (in'jo-ri), v. t. [< injury, .] To injure ; 
hurt; harm. 
They are always in mutuall wars one with another, yet 
will not they iniury a stranger. 
Purchas, Pilgrimage, p. 624. 
That accordingly iustice may equally be done vnto our 
marchants by you & your subjects, which marchants haue 
In like sort bene iniuried. Hakluyt's Voyages, 1. 159. 
Pray, use me like a gentleman ; take all, but injury not 
my body. Middleton, Your Five Gallants, iii 2. 
injustt, ". [< ME. injust, < OF. (and F.) injuste 
= Pr. injust. = Sp. Pg. injusto = It. ingiusto, < 
L. injustus, not just, < in- priv. + Justus, just : 
see jtisfl.~\ Unjust. 
This is the descripcion of a wyked and iniust iudge. 
Joye, Expos, of Daniel, iii. 
injustice (in-jus'tis), n. [< F. injustice = Pr. 
Sp. injusticia = Pg. injustiqa = It. ingiustieia, < 
L. injiistitia, injustice, < injustus, not just : see 
iiijiist."] Lack of justice or equity; unjust ac- 
tion; violation of another's rights; wrong in- 
flicted. 
Thrice is he arm d that hath his quarrel just, 
And he but naked, though lock'd up in steel, 
Whose conscience with injustice is corrupted. 
Shak., 2 Hen. VI., iii. 2. 
It were great injustice . . . that honest creditors should 
be cousened and defrauded of the summe of thirty or forty 
thousand duckats. Coryat, Crudities, I. 167. 
The idea to which the name injustice is given being the 
invasion or violation of that right [property]. 
Locke, Human Understanding, IV. iii. 18. 
= Syn. Damage, Harm, etc. (see injury/): unfairness, foul 
play, grievance. 
ink 
injustifiablet (in-jus'ti-fl-a-bl), a. [< in-3 + jus- 
tifiable.] Not justifiable ; unjustifiable. 
Or whether it was that they blindly resolved to follow 
that injuxtijiable precedent of passing over so necessary a 
rule to all courts, of giving the partys accused an hearing. 
Bp. llurnet, Hist. Reformation, an. 1540. 
injustlyt, adv. Unjustly. 
The Burgonions beynge sore displeased assembled a 
greate army, bothe to reuenge theirquerrelles, and also to 
recouer againe the touues from theim injustely taken. 
Hall, Hen.V., an. 11. 
ink 1 (ingk), n. [Early mod. E. also tuck; < ME. 
inke, ynke, inc, enk, enke, encke = D. inlet, < OF. 
cnque, enche, F. encre = Pr. encattt = It. inchio- 
stro, ink, < LL. encaustum, < LGr. e; -KCLVOTOV, pur- 
ple ink, later (MGr. ) any ink, neut. of eyKavaTof ( > 
L. encaustus). burnt in: see encaustic. Other 
words for 'ink' are Sp. Pg. tinta, G. tinte, dinte 
(see tint) ; Sw. bl&k, Dan. tltek (see black) ; NGr. 
l&Mvri (black), etc.] 1 . A colored fluid of slight 
viscosity used for writing or drawing, or a more 
viscous colored substance used in printing : dis- 
tinguished as writing-ink and printing-ink. Com- 
mon black writing-ink is generally made of an infusion of 
galls, copperas, and gum arable. The coloring matter 13 
the gallotannate of Iron, which "is suspended in water 
by gum arabic; a little logwood is generally added to 
deepen and improve the color. Sulphate of copper is 
also sometimes used in making writing-ink, but is rather 
injurious than otherwise. Printing-ink is a mechanical 
mixture of boiled oil and a black or colored pigment. 
For most inks linseed-oil is used, generally with some 
rosin ; but rosin alone is used for the coarsest inks, and 
nut-oil or other fine oil for the finest. The pigment for 
black ink is lampblack or other carbonaceous matter. 
Soap is added to increase the facility of impression. 
Y haue mo thlngis to write to gou, and I wolde not bi 
parchemyn and cnke [var. ynke}. Wycltf, 2 John 12(Purv.). 
And where also he asked penne and ynke, and wrote of 
his sone. Sir R. Quylforde, Pylgrymage, p. 39. 
He pronounced all these words unto me with his mouth, 
and I wrote them with ink in the book. Jer. xxxvi. 18, 
2. In zool., the inky fluid of a cephalopod, as 
the cuttlefishi Blue writing-ink, an ink consisting 
of sulphate of indigo dissolved in water or of Chinese blue 
made soluble with oxalic acid. Book-Ink, a printing- 
ink prepared from refined gas-black and other ingredients 
mixed with a thicker and more carefully prepared oil than 
news-ink. China <"> See India ink, under India. 
Copying-ink, an ink composed partly of a soluble mate- 
rial, as gum arabic, sugar, or glycerin, to prevent it from 
drying too rapidly or thoroughly. "When letters or manu- 
scripts written with it are placed against a moistened 
sheet, a part of the ink is transferred, making a reversed 
copy. Translucent paper is used for taking the copy, which 
is turned over to bring the copied letters into their normal 
position, and read from the opposite side. Diamond ink, 
a dilute solution of hydrofluoric acid, preserved in gutta- 
percha bottles, and used for writing on glass. Gold or 
silver Ink, writing-fluid In which gold or silver, or some 
imitation of either metal, is suspended in a state of fine 
division in water by means of gum arabic or honey. In- 
delible Ink, a special ink so made as to make a mark that 
cannot easily be obliterated by washing or use : used espe- 
cially for marking linen, etc. Such ink is usually made effi- 
cacious by the incorporation of a chemical agent, as nitrate 
of silver. Also called marking .ink. India or Indian ink. 
See India, a. Invisible ink. Same as sympathetic ink. 
Lithographic ink, an ink used in lithography for wilt- 
ing on stone, or for transferring autographically from paper 
to stone. It is a composition of virgin wax, dry white soap, 
tallow or lard, shellac, mastic, and lampblack. Mark- 
ing-Ink. (a) Same as indelible ink. (b) A mixture of 
lampblack and turpentine used with a brush or stencil for 
marking packing-cases and other packages. News-ink, 
a printing-ink usually made of lampblack and linseed-oil 
slightly boiled. Permanent Ink. Same as indelible ink. 
Red writing-ink, a solution of alum colored withbrazil- 
wood or an ammoniacal solution of cochineal, much used 
for the specific parts of 
formal writings, as rec- 
ords, deeds, diplomas, 
etc. Safety-Ink, (a) 
A delicate printing-ink 
for checks, to prevent 
tampering, (b) A writ- 
ing-ink which cannot 
be changed by chemi- 
cals. Sympathetic 
ink, a writing -fluid 
which remains invisi- 
ble on the paper until 
it is developed by some 
means, such as expo- 
sure to heat, strong 
light, or chemical re- 
action. Solutions of 
cobalt thus become 
blue or green, a very 
dilute sulphuric acid 
blackens, and lemon- 
juice turns brown. 
Also called invisible 
ink. To sling 1nTr_ 
to write, especially to 
make a business of 
writing. [Slang, I", s. ] 
ink 1 (ingk), r. t. [< 
iwA-1, .] 1. To 
color with ink. 
2. To spread ink 
f , .j, 
daub With 
Alimentary Canal of Cuttlefish (Stpia 
qfficinalis). 
a, anus ; M, ink-bag ; >nb, buccal 
mass ; gb, buccal ganglion ; s', poste- 
rior salivary glands; e, esophagus; ft, 
ink Tn inV fart liver ; rfA, hepatic duct ; K. stomach ; z'. 
iiilk. 1O inn laiT. pyioric c:ecum ; fs f splanchnic gan- 
oo /! * HL- - inteHine .' " 
fan. a. 
