jettyhead 
jettyhead (jet'i-hed), . A projecting part at 
the outer end of a wharf ; the front of a wharf 
of which the side forms one of the cheeks of a 
dock. 
jeu d'esprit (zke des-pre'). [F.: jeu,_ a play; 
tie, of; esprit, spirit: see spirit.'] A witticism; 
a play of wit. 
We had no idea that the task before us was to examine 
and report upon a somewhat mild jeu d'esprit. 
Nature, XXXVIII. 28. 
jeune premier ( Jen pre-mia'). [F. -.jeune, young ; 
premier, first.] In the theater, an actor who 
personates young men in leading parts ; a first 
juvenile. 
Mr. , as Adrien, is v. jeune premier who promises a 
good deal. The Academy, April 6, 1889, p. 245. 
jeunesse doree (je-nes' do-ra'). [F.: jeunesse, 
youth; dor6e, fern, of dore, gilded.] Literally, 
the gilded youth of a community; rich and 
fashionable young men, especially those who 
are luxurious and prodigal in their way of liv- 
ing; specifically, in French hist., a group of fash- 
ionable members of the reactionary party, in 
the period after the 9th Thermidor, 1794. 
Jeunesse doree answers, perhaps, rather to Disraeli's ex- 
pression of "curled darlings" than to "dandy." 
N. and Q., 7th ser., V. 190. 
Jew (jo), n. [< ME. Jew, Jeu, Giw, Gyw, Jwe, 
usually in pi. Jewes, Jowes, Jues, Geus, Giwes. 
Gywes, etc.,< OF. Geu, Jeu, Jwe.Jueu, later and 
mod. F. Jmf = Pr. Juzieu = Cat. Jueu = Sp. 
Judio = Pg. Judeo, Judeu = It. Giudeo = AS., 
after L., ludeits, pi. ludei or ludeas = OS. Ju- 
deo, Judheo = OFries. Jotha = MD. Jode, D. 
Jood = MLG. Jode, Jodde = OHG. Judeo, Judo, 
MHG. Jude, Jiide, G. Jude = Dan. Jode = Sw. 
Jude = Goth. Judaius, < L. Judceus, < Gr. 'lov- 
ialof, a Jew, an inhabitant of Judea, < 'lovdaia, 
L. JudceHf Judea, < Heb. Yehuddh, Judah, so 
called from the tribe of that name, descen- 
dants of Yehuddh, Judah, son of Jacob (> Ar. 
Turk. Hind. Yahudi, a Jew).] 1. A Hebrew; 
an Israelite. 
Trowe this for no lesyng, 
And namely leve her of no Iwe, 
For al thus dud the! with Jhesu. 
Cursor Mundi, MS. Coll. Trin. Cantab., f. 113. (BaUiwell.) 
Glory, honour, and peace to every man that worketh 
good, to the Jew first, and also to the Gentile. Rom. ii. 10. 
2. A person who seeks gain by sordid or crafty 
means; a hard-fisted money-lender, or tricky 
dealer: an opprobrious use: as, he is a regular 
Jew Exchequer of the Jews. See exchequer. Jew 
BUI. See bill^. Jew's eyet. [An allusion to the custom 
of torturing Jews with the view of extorting money.] 
Something very precious or highly prized. 
There will come a Christian by, 
Will be worth a Jewess' eye. 
Shak., M. of V., ii. 6, 43. 
[In the original editions the word in this passage is Jewes, 
the old dissyllabic possessive for either sex. The phrase 
" worth a Jewes eye " is the old proverb here used punning- 
ly.] Jews' frankincense, the balsam known as benzoin 
or gum storax, often used as an incense. Jews' houses, in 
Cornwall, England, remains of ancient dwellings and fur- 
naces which, together with the tools of ancient smelters 
and blocks of tin in the rude molds of earth in which the 
metal was cast, have been found in various parts of that 
county. These remains date back to a period many cen- 
turies before Christ, at a time when trade had been estab- 
lished between Britain and the eastern Mediterranean 
region. Jews' money ,a name given to old Roman coins 
found in some parts of England. Halliwett. Jews' tin, 
tin smelted in rude blunt-furnaces and cast into irregular 
slabs of various kinds, found in connection with the so- 
called Jews' houses in Cornwall, and believed to be the 
work of ancient smelters. 
jew (jo), v. [< Jew, n., in allusion to the sharp- 
ness in bargaining popularly ascribed to the 
Jews.] I. trans. To overreach; cheat; beat 
unfairly at a bargain : as, to jew one out of a 
dollar. [Colloq.] 
We knowthere is a mawkish sentiment existing that Jews 
should not be countenanced ; that they will cheat at every 
opportunity ; and it has become a saying that a person 
swindled in any manner was simply Jewed. Yet we have 
never been in possession of evidence that satisfied us that 
Jews were more amenable to these alleged weaknesses 
than other classes. American Hebrew, XXXIX. 46. 
II. iiitrans. To practise arts of overreaching 
or cheating in trade. [Colloq.] 
They smuggles you quietlyinto some room by yourselves, 
and then sets to work Jewing away as hard as they can, 
pricing up their own things, and downcrying yourn. 
Mayhem, London Labour and London Poor, I. 408. 
To Jew down, to beat down the price of; persuade the 
seller to take a lower price for. [Colloq.] [This verb in 
these uses, iswell established in colloquial speech Though 
now commonly employed without direct reference to the 
Jews as a race, it is regarded by them as offensive and 
opprobrious. ] 
Jew-baiter (J6'ba"ter), . A person given to 
harrying or persecuting Jews. [Recent.] 
3230 
Jew-baiting (jb"ba"ting), n. The act of harry- 
ing or persecuting Jews. [Recent.] 
Alas ! how much has taken place during these six years 
that makes a recurrence to this particular festival [feast 
of the Passover] specially painful and interesting. The 
Jew-baiting in Germany ; the bloody persecutions in Rus- 
sia. Evening Post, April 21, 1883. 
Jew-bush (jo'bush), n. A popular name of one 
or more species of the plant-genus Pedilanthus. 
Jew-crow (jo'kro). n. The chough ; also, the 
hooded crow: each more fully called market- 
Jew crow. 
Jewdom (jo'dum), . [= D. Jodendom = G. 
judenthum = Dan. jodedom; as Jew + -Horn.'] 
Jews collectively. Spectator (London). 
jewel (jo" el), n. [< WE. jewel, juwel, juel,jowel, 
joiceJle = \).juweel = G. juwel = Dan. 8w.jeZ,\ 
OF.jouel,joelfjoiel t later and mod. F.joyau = Pr. 
joyel,joell = Sp.joyel = It. giojello, a jewel; dim . 
of OF.joie, goie, joy, pleasure (not found in the 
deflected sense 'jewel'), = Sp.joya = Pg.joia, a 
jewel (not found in the lit. sense 'joy'), = It. 
gioja, joy, also a jewel, < L. gaudium, joy, ML. 
a bead on a rosary, pi. gaudia, beads: see joy, 
gaud 1 , and gaudy. The ML. form would be reg. 
*gaudiale, or *gaudiellum; but, through a mis- 
understanding of the Rom. forms (which were 
taken to represent L. jocus, a jest, > OF. jeu, 
ju, etc.), the ML. appears as jocale.'] 1. A pre- 
cious stone or gem ; especially, a gem cut and 
shaped for ornament or use : as, the jewels of a 
crown. 
And jewels ! two stones, two rich and precious stones ! 
Shak., M. of V., ii. 8, 20. 
A splendid silk of foreign loom, . . . 
And thicker down the front 
With jewels than the sward with drops of dew, 
Tennyson, Geraint. 
2. An article of personal adornment, consist- 
ing of a gem or gems in a setting of precious 
metal ; also, formerly, any piece of jewel-work, 
or a trinket or ornament worn on the person, 
as a ring, a bracelet, or a brooch. 
We haue riches full rife, red gold fyn ; 
Clothes full comly, and other clene Juellis; 
Annul- and all thing abill therfore. 
Destruction of Troy (E. E. T. S.), 1. 1743. 
A collar, or Jewell, that women used about then* neckes. 
Baret (1580), I. 38. (HalKweU.) 
He's gi'en to her a jewel fine, 
Was set with pearl and precious stane. 
John Thomson and the Turk (Child's Ballads, III. 853). 
A watch is neither a jewel nor an ornament, as these 
words are used and understood, either in common par- 
lance or by lexicographers. It is not used or carried as a 
jewel or ornament, but as an article of ordinary wear by 
most travellers, and of daily and hourly use by all. 
Ramaley t>. Leland, 43 N. Y., 539. 
3. An ornament of precious stones, or metal, 
enamel, etc., worn as a decoration, or as the 
badge of an honorary order : as, the jewel of the 
Garter. 
The jewel of the order [Teutonic Order] consists of a 
black and white cross, surmounted by a helmet with three 
feathers. Encyc. Brit., XXIII. 201. 
4. A precious stone used in watchmaking, on 
account of its hardness and resistance to wear, 
as where a pivot turns in a socket. 5. An 
imitation, in glass or enamel, of a real jewel. 
See jeweled, 3. 6. In colored-glass windows, 
etc., a projecting boss of glass, sometimes cut 
with facets, introduced in the design to give 
variety and richness of effect. 
Mosaic glass has rapidly improved in the past century. 
. . . The jewels cut from pieces of a rich colored glass add 
effectively to the brilliancy of recent designs. 
Harper's May., LXXIX. 265. 
7. Anything of great value or rare excellence ; 
anything especially fine or dear: sometimes 
applied to persons as a term of high commen- 
dation or tender endearment. 
Value desert and virtue ; they ie jewels 
Fit for your worth and wearing. 
Fletcher, Mad Lover, v. 4. 
My bishop is a jewel tried and perfect; 
A jewel, lords. Ford, Perkin Warbeck, iv. 4. 
She is an inestimable jewel. Steele, Tatler, No. 95. 
If solid happiness we prize, 
Within our breasts this jewel lies, 
And they are fools who roam. 
N. Cotton, The Fireside, st. 3. 
Jewel kaleidoscope. See kaleidoscope. 
jewel-block (jo'el-blok), . A block which is 
suspended from the extremity of a yard-arm, and 
through which studdingsail-halyards are led. 
jewel-case (jb"el-kas), n. A case for holding 
jewels and other personal ornaments. Especially 
(a) An ornamental or artistic casket or box, often lined 
with velvet, plush, satin, or the like, made to set off a jewel 
or set of jewels, as a necklace, ear-rings, bracelets, etc. (6) 
A box made for holding jewels, and allowing of easy trans- 
portation and safe handling. 
jewel-stand 
jewel-drawer (jo'el-dra/er), n. A small drawer 
in the upper part of a dressing-table, for hold- 
ing jewels. 
jeweled, jewelled (jo'eld), a. [< jewel + -ed 2 .] 
1. Fitted or provided with jewels; having pivot- 
holes of garnet, chrysolite, ruby, or other jewel : 
as, a vrsbtchjeweled in nine holes ; a watch jeweled 
in fifteen holes is said to be full-jeweled. 
A gold hunting watch, engine-turned, capped and jew- 
elled in four holes. Dickens, Martin Chuzzlewit, xiii. 
2. Decked or adorned with or as with jewels. 
On these pines . . . the long grey tints 
. . . arejewell'd thick with dew. 
M. Arnold, Empedocles on Etna. 
3. Decorated with small drops or bosses of col- 
ored glass or enamel in imitation of jewels: said 
of glassware or porcelain : as, jeweled Sevres. 
jeweler, jeweller ( jo'el-er), . [Early mod. E. 
also jueller; < ME. jiteler (= D. G. juwelier = 
Dan.juveleer; cf. Sw.juvelerare), < AF.juellour, 
OF. joieleor, joyallier, joyaulier, F. joaillier (= 
It. giojelttere, a jeweler), < Joel, etc., a jewel: 
see jewel.] One who makes or deals in jewels 
and ornaments of precious metal. 
A Juellere 
Which brought from thence golde core to vs here, 
Whereof was fyned mettal good and clene. 
Hakluyt's Voyages, 1. 199. 
The jeweller that owes the ring is sent for, 
And he shall surety me. 
Shak., All's Well, v. 3, 297. 
Jewelers' how, an instrument used by jewelers in sawing 
and drilling. Jeweler's red, Jeweler's rouge, ferric 
oxid, prepared by roasting green vitriol (ferrous sulphate) 
in crucibles. It has a scarlet color and is used as a polish- 
ing-powder. 
jewel-house (jo'el-hous), n. The rooms in the 
Tower of London where the British regalia and 
crown jewels are deposited. Also called jeu-el- 
office. 
The king 
Has made him master o' the jewel house, 
And one, already, of the privy council. 
Shak., Hen. VIII., iv. 1, 111. 
jeweling, jewelling (jo" el-ing), . [< jewel + 
-in*? 1 .] 1. The art of decorating with jewels. 
He taught to make womens ornaments, and how to look 
faire, and Jewelling. Purchas, Pilgrimage, p. 37. 
2. In ceram. : (a) Decoration by means of small 
drops or bosses of translucent glaze applied to 
the surface, as frequently in Sevres porcelain. 
(6) Decoration by means of rounded projections 
of the substance of the body, these projections 
being covered with a glaze or enamel different 
from the rest of the piece, as in Doulton ware 
and some old gres de Flandres. 
jewelled, jeweller, etc. Seejetceled, etc. 
jewellery, n. See jewelry. 
jewel-like (jo'el-lik), a. Bright or sparkling 
as a jewel. 
My queen's square brows ; 
Her stature to an inch ; as wand-like straight; 
As silver-voic'd ; her eyes as jewel-like, 
And cas'd as richly. Shak., Pericles, v. 1, 111. 
jewelly, a. Seejewely. 
jewel-Office (jo'el-of'is), n. Same &sjewel-house. 
jewelry, jewellery (jo'el-ri), n. [After F. 
joaillerie; < jewel- + -ry, -ery.~\ 1. Jewelers' 
work; ornaments made by jewelers. 
This great officer [the Jewish high priest] wore upon 
his breast a splendid piece of jewellery. 
De Quincey, Essenes, i. 
2. The workmanship of a jeweler. [Rare.] 
All the haft twinkled with diamond sparks. 
Myriads of topaz-lights, and jacinth-work 
Of subtlest jewellery. Tennyson, Passing of Arthur. 
Berlin jewelry, delicate trinkets of cast iron introduced 
in Prussia during the domination of Xapoleon. The manu- 
facture of such jewels has continued to the present time, 
and its products have been fashionable. Compare Ber- 
lin iron-castings, under iron. Bird jewelry, ornaments 
for the person made of the feathers and other parts of 
birds; especially, brooches, pendants, etc., made from the 
breasts, heads, etc., of humming-birds, the iridescent col- 
or giving the effect of precious stones. Art Jour,, N. S., 
XI. 272. Claw Jewelry, jewels and decorative objects 
for personal wear consisting of tigers' or leopards' claws, 
etc., mounted in gold. Art Jour., N. S., XI. 272. Scotch 
Jewelry, jewelry made in Scotland, especially that in 
which the native colored crystals (see cairngorm) are used, 
and fretwork in silver, either alone or combined with gold. 
This jewelry is usually inexpensive. Similar work is ap- 
plied in the mounting of weapons, etc. Temple jewel- 
ry, jewelry of inexpensive material, made at the Temple 
in Paris. 
jewel-setter (jo'el-set"er), . A steel cutter 
for pressing a watch-jewel into place and form- 
ing a flange in the metal to hold it. 
jewel-Stand (jo'el-stand), n. A small decora- 
tive utensil for the toilet-table, meant to re- 
ceive jewelry which is in daily use: either a 
tazza or flat cup. or a stand with small hooks, 
upon which articles of jewelry can be hung. 
