jugglery 
glery (jug'ler-i), . ; pi. juggleries (-iz). [< 
3. joglerie, < OF. joglerie, (.jogler, juggle : see 
juggle 1 .] The art or performances of a jug- 
gler; legerdemain; trickery; hence, imposture ; 
deception. 
jugglingly (jug'ling-li), adv. In a juggling or 
deceptive manner. 
Juglandaceae (j6-glan-da'se-e), n. pi. Same as 
Juglandeie. 
juglandet, n. [ME., < L. juglans (jugland-), 
walnut: see Juglans.] The walnut. 
Juglande in lande now sprynge. 
Palladium, Husbondrie (E. E. T. S.X p. 98. 
Juglandese (jS-glan'de-e), n. pi [NL. (De 
Candolle, 1813), < Juglans (Jugland-) + -etc.] 
The walnut family ; a natural order consisting 
of about 30 species of trees, belonging to the 
north temperate zone of both hemispheres. 
The flowers are monoecious, the sterile ones being com- 
monly borne in loose catkins ; the calyx, when present, 
is adherent to the scale ; and the stamens are numer- 
ous. The fertile flowers are solitary, or in a small erect 
spike. The perianth is adherent to the ovary, which con- 
tains a single erect ovule. The fruit is mostly a dry- 
hulled drupaceous nut. The leaves are alternate, odd- 
pinnate, without stipules. Many species are valuable for 
their timber, nuts, and other products. The important 
genera are Carya and Juglans. See cute under hickory 
and walnut. Also Juglandacece. 
Juglans (jo'glanz), . [NL. (Linnseus), < L. 
juglan (jugland-), a walnut, a walnut-tree, < 
Jocis, Jove, Jupiter (contr. as in Jupiter), + 
glans, an acorn: see glans, gland.] A lead- 
ing genus of the Juglandea;, or walnut family. 
In contrast with Carya, the hickory, the nut of this 
genus has a ridged surface, with the husk closely adhe- 
rent. J. regia is the common walnut of Europe, though 
indigenous chiefly in Persia and northern India. It is 
valued for its light, tough, and well-colored wood, its 
nuts and the oil they yield, and some medicinal pro- 
ducts. J. niyra is the black walnut of North America, 
which furnishes the well-known rich-brown cabinet- 
wood. J. cinerea, the butternut, yields a lighter-colored 
and softer but durable wood, a more oily nut, and an 
officinal cathartic. These species all afford dyestuffs. 
Both leaves and fruit of this genus occur abundantly in 
a fossil state in many Cretaceous and Tertiary deposits. 
Forms which vary slightly from the living plant are some- 
times called juglandites; those founded on leaves alone 
are often distinguished as juglandiphylla, and fossil wood 
with nearly the structure of walnut has been named ju- 
glandinurn. See cut under walnut. 
jugula, n. Plural of jugulum. 
jugular (jo'gu-lar), a. and n. [= F. jugulaire = 
Pg. jugular = It. giugulare, < NL. jtigularis, < L. 
jugulum, a,lsojtigulus, the bone which joins the 
shoulders and the breast, the collar-bone, also 
the hollow of the neck above the collar-bone, 
dim. oi jugum, ayoke: see jugum.] I. a. 1. In 
anat., pertaining to the throat in general. 2. 
In ichth.: (a) Having the ventral fins situated 
at the throat, in advance of the pectorals: as, 
a jugular fish. Cf. Jugulares. (b) Situated in 
advance of the pectorals: as, jugular fins. 3. 
In ornith., pertaining to the jugulum Jugular 
foramen, fossa, ganglion, etc. See the nouns. jugu- 
lar plate, (a) In ichth. , one of two plates developed oe- 
tween the rami of the mandible, as in the ganoid fishes 
of the genera Amia and Polypterus: supposed by some 
to represent branchiostegal rays. (6) In entntn., one of 
the large corneous plates covering the maxilhe in cer- 
tain Coleoptera. Jugular process, a prominence of the 
3250 
jugulation (jo-gu-la'shon), n. [< LL. jugula- 
tio(n-), a cutting of one's throat, a killing, < L. 
jugulare, pp. jugulatus, cut the throat of, kill : 
see jugulate.] The sudden cutting short of a 
disease by therapeutic interference. 
jugulator (J6"gu-la-tor), n. [< LL. jugulator, a 
cutthroat, < i,.' jugulare, cut the throat of: see 
jugulate.] A cutthroat or murderer. Cowell. 
jugulocephalic(jo"gu-16-se-fal'ik or -sef'a-lik), 
a. [< L. jugulum, the throat, + Gr. nt$a~/.ti, 
head.] In anat., of or belonging both to the 
head and the throat Jugulocephalie vein, a vein 
which sometimes occurs in man, uniting the jugular and 
cephalic veins. 
jugulum (jo'gu-lum), n.; pi. jugula (-IS). [NL. 
use of L. jugulum, the throat : see jugular.] 1. 
In ornith., the lower part of the throat; the 
fore part of the neck, between the gula and 
the pectus. See cut under bird\ 2. In entom.: 
(a) A name proposed by Knoch and used by 
some writers to indicate the lower surface of 
the prothorax of a beetle, (b) A name given 
by Kirby to the basal piece on the lower side 
of an insect's head, now generally known as 
the gula. (c) A name sometimes applied to 
the occipital foramen, an orifice in the back of 
the head, through which the alimentary canal 
and other organs pass to the thorax. 
jugum (jo'gum), . ; pi. juga (-ga). [L., a yoke 
(for oxen), a collar (for horses), a cross-beam, 
cross-rail, the ridge or summit of a mountain 
(= Gr. (vy6v = E. yoke), < jungere (root jug), 
join: see join and yoke.] 1. In bot.: (a) A pair 
of leaflets in a compound leaf, (b) A ridge on 
the carpel of an umbelliferous plant. 2. [cap.] 
A yellow star of magnitude 3.3, in the constel- 
lation of the Lyre ; y LynB. 
Jugurthine (jo-ger'thin), a. [< L. Jugurtha (see 
def.) + -tnei.] Relating or pertaining to Ju- 
gurtha (died 104 B.C.), King of Numidia. Ju- 
gurthine war. the war (about 110-106 B. c.) waged by the 
Romans against Jugurtha and rendered famous by Sallust's 
history. 
juice (jos), n. [< ME. Juts, juce, juse, jus, < OF. 
jus, F. jus, < L. jus, broth, soup, juice, = Skt. 
yusha, soup.] 1 . The watery part of vegetables, 
especially of fruits ; the expressible or extrac- 
tive fluid of a plant or fruit. 
The! seyn that if the yuw of the eerbe that is callid 
morsus galline rubri be putt in hise nose-thrillis whanne 
he bigynneth to suffre the accesse of the quarteyn, he 
schal be hool. Book o/Quinte Essence (ed. 1'urnivallX p. 20. 
Now no more 
The juice of Egypt's grape shall moist this lip. 
Shak., A. and C., v. 2, 284. 
2. The fluid part of an animal body or sub- 
stance ; in the plural (its most common use in 
this sense), all the fluid constituents of the 
body. 
Perch'd like a crow upon a three-legg'd stool 
Till all his juice is dried. Tennyson, Audley Court. 
Gastric, intestinal, etc., juice. See the adjectives. 
Spanish juice, the extract of the root of the licorice, 
julienne 
giuggiolo, the tree), < L. zizyplmm, the fruit, 
zizyphus, the tree, < Gr. {Ifrfov, jujube (the 
fruit), C'C^of, jujube-tree, < Ar. zizuf, Pers. 
zayzafun, zizafun, zizfun, the jujube-tree. Cf. 
Pg. acofufa, jujube, from the Ar., with the Ar. 
article al.] 1. The name of several species of 
Flowering Branch of Jujube-tree (Zimyfhus Jttjuba). 
a, flower ; f>, fruit. 
plants of the genus Zizyphus. 2. The edible 
fruit of these plants. 3. A confection made of 
gum arabic or gelatin, sweetened and flavored 
so as to resemble the jujube-fruit. Also called 
jujube paste, a name originally applied to a jelly 
made from the jujube. 
juke 1 (jok), v. i. A dialectal variant otjouk 1 . 
juke 2 , '. i. See jovlft. 
julaceous (j^-la'she-us), a. [< L. iulus, catkin, 
+ -aceous.] In bot., resembling an ament or 
catkin. 
julep (jd'lep), n. [< F. julep = Pr. julep = It. 
giulebbe, giulebbo, (Sp.julepe = Pg.julepo, < Ar. 
. 
JU1C6 (jos), v. t.; pret. and pp. juiced, ppr. jutc- 
</ [< jutee, n.] To moisten or provide with 
juice. [Rare.] 
tarn., a pair of small sclerites situated in the membrane 
connecting the head with the thorax in certain insects. 
These sclerites are believed by Newport to be displaced 
portions of the prothorax and to represent prothoracic 
paraptera. Jugular vein, (a) One of two large veins of 
the throat. The external jugular vein collects the blood 
from the superficial parts of the head and neck, and dis- 
charges it into the subclavian vein. In man it may be 
observed just below the skin, running perpendicularly 
down on each side of the neck from near the angle of 
foramen by confluence of the sinuses of the skull, descend- 
ing the neck deeply in the carotid sheath on the outer side 
of the carotid artery, and ending by confluence with the 
subclavian to form the innominate vein. See cuts under 
lung and thoracic. (6) In ichth.. one of the anterior car- 
dinal veins, which bring back blood from the head and an- 
terior extremities. Also called mna juyularis. 
II. . 1. In anat., a jugular vein. 
He is pinned to the floor by a hand fixed in his collar 
. . . and four knuckles embedded in his jugular. 
D. Jerrold, Men of Character, II. 7. 
2. In ichth., a jugular fish. 
Jugulares (jo-gu-la'rez), n. pi. [NL., pi. of L. 
jugularis, jugular: see jugular.] A Linnean 
order of fishes having jugular fins. [Not in 
use.] 
jugulate (jo"gu-lat), v. t.; pret. and pp. jugu- 
lated, ppr. jugulating. [< L. jugulatus, pp. of 
jugulare (> Pg. jugular = F. juguler), cut the 
throat of, kill, < jugulum, the hollow of the 
neck above the collar-bone: see jugular.] To 
kill by cutting the jugular vein ; cut the throat 
of. Carlyle, French Rev., I. Hi. 7. [Rare.] 
which are not juiced with blood. 
Fuller, Holy War, p. 14. 
juiceful (jos'ful), a. [< juice + -ful.] Full of 
or abounding in juice. 
Beside in Med'cine simples had that power 
That none need then the planetary hour 
To help their working, they so juiceful were. 
Drayton, Noah's Flood. 
juiceless (jos'les), a. [(juice + -less.] Desti- 
tute of juice ; dry ; without moisture. 
So does an ivy, green when old, 
And sprouting in decay, 
In juiceless, joyless arms infold 
A sapling young and gay. 
Somenitte, Canidia's Epithalamium. 
juiciness (jo'si-nes), n. The state of being 
juiev or of abounding with juice ; succulence 
in plants or fruits. 
juicy (jo'si), a. [< juice + -y 1 .] Abounding 
with juice ; moist ; succulent. 
And, when \mjuicy salads fail'd, 
Slic'd carrot pleas'd him well. 
Cowper, Epitaph on a Hare. 
Juilt, n. A Middle English form of July. Chau- 
cer. 
juiset, n. [ME., also jewise; < OF. juise, juyse, 
juwise, joise, etc., < L. judicium, judgment: see 
judicious.] Judgment; sentence. 
Therfore I aske deeth and my juwyse. 
Chaucer, Knight's Tale, 1. 881. 
jujube (jo'job), n. [< F. jujube (the fruit) (ML. 
reflex ji/juba) (cf. It. dim. giuggiola, the fruit, 
julab, < Pers. juldb, assibilated form of giildb, 
julep (a sweet drink), also rose-water, < gul, a 
rose, + aft, water.] A sweet drink; a demul- 
cent, acidulous, or mucilaginous mixture. 
A coarser julap well may cool his worship ; 
This cordial is for gallants. 
Massinger, Parliament of Love, lit 1. 
And first, behold this cordial julep here, 
That flames and dances in his crystal bounds, 
With .spirits of balm and fragrant syrups mix'd. 
Milton, Comus, 1. 672. 
Camphor julep, a watery solution of camphor. Mint 
julep, an American drink made by pouring liquor (origi- 
nally and preferably brandy) upon sugar and broken ice, 
to which are added sprigs of fresh mint in sufficient quan- 
tity to flavor the whole very strongly. 
Julian (jo'lyan), a. [= F. Julien = Sp. Pg. Ju- 
liano = It. Giuliano, < L. Julianus, pertain- 
ing to Julius Ceesar (also a Roman prapnomen), 
< Julius, Julius. Cf. July.] Pertaining to or 
derived from Juiius Cresar Julian calendar, 
epact, era. See the nouns. Julian epoch. Same as 
Julian era. Julian period, a period of 7,980 Julian 
years, proposed by Joseph Scaliger in 1582 as a universal 
standard of comparison in chronology, consisting of the 
years of the solar and lunar cycles and the cycle of the 
indiction multiplied into each other (28 x 19 x 15). The 
first years of these cycles coincided in the year 4713 
B. c., from which the period is reckoned. The first year 
of the Christian era being found by calculation to corre- 
spond to the year 4714 of the Julian period, all previous 
and subsequent comparisons can be made by simple sub- 
traction or addition. This period is still used in the com- 
putations of chronologists and astronomers. Julian 
year, the average year of 365J days according to the cal- 
endar as adjusted by Julius Ca:sar. See Julian calendar, 
under calendar. 
Julianist (jo'lyan-ist), n. [< Julian (see def. ) 
-I- -ist.] Eccles., one of a sect of Monophysites 
which held the body of Christ to be incorrupti- 
ble : so called from Julian, Bishop of Halicar- 
nassus early in the sixth century. 
Julians (jol'yanz), . [A var. in pi. or poss. form 
of the f em. name Jillian, Gillian : seejill 2 .] The 
daffodil. See Narcissus. [Prov. Eng.] 
Julidinae (jo-li-di'ne), n. pi. [NL., < Julis (-id-) 
+ -ince.] A subfamily of labroid fishes, typi- 
fied by the genus Julis, to which different limits 
have been applied. As generally understood by 
American ichthyologists, it includes labrids with a con- 
tinuous lateral line abruptly bent behind, caniniform teeth 
in front of the jaws and moderate ones in the sides, dor- 
sal continuous and with 8 or 9 spines, and 3 wenk anal 
spines. The species are numerous in all tropical seas, 
and a few extend into temperate ones. The pudding wife 
(Platyglossus radiatus) occurs along the southeastern coast 
of the United States, and the kelp-fish (Platyglosius semi- 
cinctus) is a California!! representative. 
julienne (F. pron. zhii-li-en'), . [Cooks' F., 
said to be so called from a French caterer in 
Boston named Julien. The F. name Julien = 
E. Julian.] A clear soup containing various 
herbs or vegetables cut in very small pieces. 
