jump 
jump 2 (jump), n. [Prob. (.jump 1 , as a garment 
to be 'slipped' on; cf. slip and slop, names of 
garments to be 'slipped' on. Less prob. a 
nasalized form of jup,jupe. Cf. jumper 2 .] A 
garment of loose make, worn especially for 
undress, (a) In the seventeenth century, a short loose 
coat. 
Instead of lac'd coats, Belts, and Pantaloons, 
Your Velvet Jumps, Gold Chains, and grave 
Fur Gowns. 
Wycherley, Gentleman Dancing-Master, Epil. 
A Jacket, jump, or loose coat reaching to the thighs, . . . 
with sleeves to the waist. Randle Holme. 
(6) pi. Toward the close of the eighteenth century, a kind 
of bodice for women, which apparently took the place of 
stays when the wearer was not carefully dressed. Also 
called jimps. 
Bless me, Mr. Carmine, don't mind my shape this bout, 
for I'm only in jumps. Foote, Taste, i. 1. 
jumpable (jum'pa-bl), a. [< jump 1 + -able.] 
Capable of being jumped. 
Plenty of t&lTjumpable fences. 
Edinburgh Rev., CLXVI. 386. 
jump-about (jump'a-bout"), n. The goutwort, 
jEgopodium Podagraria. [Prov. Eng.] 
jump-COatt (jump'kot), n. Same as Jump 2 (a). 
jump-coupling (jump'kup'ling), n. In mech., 
same as mimble coupling (which see, under cou- 
pling). 
jumper 1 (jum'per), n. [<JMJpl, ., + -er 1 .] 1. 
One who or that which jumps. Specifically 
2. One who practises leaping or dancing as a 
part of divine worship. The practice has prevailed 
among certain Methodists, chiefly in Wales, sometimes 
among Irvingites, and among the Shakers. A Russian dis- 
senting sect bears a name translated by Jumpers. 
Jenny [was] a Welshwoman ; her rude forefathers were 
goat-herds on week-days, and Jumpers on Sundays. 
Savage, B. Medlicottt iii. 12. 
Another sect is the Jumpers, among whom the erotic 
element is disagreeably prominent. 
D. M. Wallace, Russia, p. 302. 
3. One who jumps a claim to land. [U. S. and 
Australia.] 
The funeral of a well-known jumper, who had been shot 
in a quarrel over a piece of disputed land. 
The Century, XXXVII. 776. 
4. In zool., any animal which habitually jumps, 
leaps, or hops as a mode of progression, (a) A 
fish which often leaps out of water. (6) Any saltatorial 
insect, as a halticid, psyllid, grasshopper, etc. (c) The 
maggot or larva of the cheese-fly ; a cheese-hopper. 
5. In mech., a tool or contrivance which works 
with a jumping motion. ( ) In quarrying: (1) A 
drill worked by hand and struck by a hammer. (2) A long 
drill worked by hand, but not struck by a hammer. It has 
a chisel-edge at each end, and is swollen in the middle to 
give more weight and thus add to the force of the blow. 
(Morgans, Mining Tools, p. 43.) Called in the United States 
a churn-drill. (6) A spring controlling the star-wheel of a 
clock or a click in a repeating watch. 
There must also be a slight spring or jumper some- 
where on the ratchet teeth to keep them exactly in the 
proper place for the click to catch next time. 
SSir. Beckett, Clocks and Watches, p. 141. 
(c) A bit used in a jointer, (d) A special form of plow- 
share for rough soil, or soil filled with roots, (e) In tdeg., 
a wire used to cut out an instrument or part of a circuit, 
or to close temporarily a gap in a circuit 
6. A kind of sleigh: usually a simple box on 
runners, especially on runners which are parts 
of the poles forming the thills, and the middle 
parts of which are made thinner so as to bend. 
[U. S.] 7. Naut., a preventer-rope made fast 
in such a way as to prevent a yard, mast, or 
boom from jumping, or giving way in an upward 
direction, in heavy weather Minute-jumper an 
electric clock in which the hands move only at the end 
of each minute, the minute-hand moving over a whole 
minute at each step. 
jumper 2 (jum'per), n. [Cf.jumpZ.] A kind of 
loose jacket with sleeves worn by some classes 
of laborers, as seamen and stevedores, usually 
with overalls, reaching to the thighs, and but- 
toned the whole length in front ; also, any up- 
per garment of similar shape. 
Men and women [Eskimo] are alike clothed with jacket 
and trousers. The jacket is a hooded jumper with open- 
ings only for face and hands. The hood is enlarged when 
necessary so as to admit of an infant being carried inside 
against the woman's back. 
A. W. Oreely, Arctic Service, p. 32. 
A green-check cotton waist or blouse sewed into a belt 
the masculine uniform of Fairharbor; he calls it a 
jumper. E. S. Phelps, Old Maid's Paradise. 
jumper 3 ! (jum'per), v. t. [< ME. "jumpren 
jompren, also found in var. form, jumbren, jom- 
bren, mix, freq. of jumpen, jump : see jumber, 
jump.] To mix together; mingle; jumble. 
Hejompre eke no discordant thyng yfere. 
Chaucer, Troilus, ii. 1037. 
jumping-bean (jmnp'ing-ben), H. Same as 
jumping-seed. 
3252 
jumping-betty (jump'ing-bef'i), n. The gar- 
den-balsam, Impaticns balsamina: so called 
from the elastic bursting of the pods and pro- 
jection of the seeds. [Prov. Eng.] 
jumping-bug (jum' ping-bug), n. Any insect 
of me family Halticoridas. See Halticorida. 
jumping-deer (jum'ping-der), n. The black- 
tailed deer of North America, Cariacus macrotis. 
See cut under mule-deer. 
j limping-hare (jum'ping-har), n. A jerboa-like 
rodent quadruped of South Africa, Pedetes caf- 
fer or Helmnys capensis, of the family Dipodidce 
and subfamily Pedetince, nearly as large as a 
hare, which it somewhat resembles. The hind 
feet are 4- toed, with stout hoof -like claws ; the tail is about 
as long as the body and bushy throughout ; and the ears 
are high. The jumping-hares clear many feet at a bound. 
They replace the true jerboas in South Africa. 
jumpinglyt (jum'ping-li), adv. So as to be jump 
or exact ; closely ; exactly. 
Do not imitate 
So iumpingly, so precyselie, 
And step for step so strayte. 
Drant, tr. of Horace's Art of Poetry. 
jumping-mouse (jum'ping-mous), n. Same as 
deer-mouse, 1. 
jumping-mullet (jum' ping -muHet), n. 1. 
Same as jump-rocks. 2. A fish of the fam- 
ily Mugilidce, Mugil albula. [Cape Hatteras, 
U. S.] 
jumping-rat (jum 'iping-rat), n. A jerboa, or 
other animal of the family IHpodidce. 
jumping-seed (jum'ping-sed), n. The seed of 
a Mexican euphorbiaceous plant, infested by 
the larva of a small tortricid moth, Carpocapsa 
saltitans. See Carpocapsa. The uneasy movements 
of the imprisoned larva when it is warmed make the seed 
roll about on a flat surface, or even jump a slight distance 
in the air. The larva pupates in January or February, and 
the moth soon after issues through a hole previously cut 
by the larva. Also called jumping-bean, devil-bean. 
jumping-shrew (jum'ping-shro), n. An insec- 
tivorous mammal of the family Macroscelidida ; 
an elephant-shrew. See cut under elephant- 
shrew. 
jumping-spider ( jum'ping-spi'der), n. A spider 
of the family Attidce, which spins no web, but 
captures its prey by leaping upon it; any 
attid. 
jump-joint (jump'joint), n. A butt-joint; in 
ship-building, the characteristic joint of a car- 
vel-built vessel. 
jumplyt (jump'li), adv. [< jump 1 , a., + -ly?.] 
In a jump manner; exactly; suitably; oppor- 
tunely. 
My meeting so jumply with them makes me abashed 
with the strangeness of it. Sir P. Sidney, Arcadia. 
jump-ring (jump'ring), n. In metal-work, par- 
ticularly in jewelry, a ring made of a bar or 
wire with plane ends abutted against each other, 
but not welded. 
jump-rocks (jump'roks), n. [(jump 1 , v.,+ obj. 
rocks.] A catostomine fish, Moxostoma cervi- 
num, with a 3-lobed air-bladder, from 10 to 12 
dorsal rays, and a very slender body, rarely at- 
taining a foot in length. It inhabits the South 
Atlantic States from the James to the Chatta- 
hoochee river. Also called jumping-mullet. 
jump-seat (jump'set), n. An extra seat under 
the main seat of a buggy so arranged that the 
main seat can be shifted to a position further 
back, and the extra seat brought up in front. 
jump-up-and-kiss-me (jump'up-and-kis'me), 
n. The pansy, Viola tricolor. [Prov. Eng.] 
jump-up-Johnny (jump'up-jon'i), n. Same as 
Johnny-jump-up. [Local.] 
Walks branching thence in four directions, and along 
them beds of jump-up- Johnnies. 
The Century, XXXV. 947. 
jump-weld (jump'weld), n. A butt-weld. 
jun. or Jun. An abbreviation of junior. 
Juncaceae (jung-ka'se-e), n. pi. [NL. (C. A. 
Agardh, about 1825), < Juncus + -acece.~\ A nat- 
ural order of endogenous plants, the true rushes, 
typified by the genus Juncus. In technical charac- 
ters this order is closely allied to the Liliacece, having 
a perianth of 6 segments in two series, 6 or rarely 8 sta- 
mens, and a superior ovary, with 3 cells or placenta;. But 
it is distinguished by the glumaceons, calyx-like texture 
of the perianth, on account of which, as well as of its ap- 
pearance, it resembles the sedges and grasses. The spe- 
cies number about 200, belonging to 14 genera. These 
plants prefer wet ground and the cooler latitudes. The 
genera Juncus and Luztila (the wood-rush) are almost cos- 
mopolitan ; others are more local. Also Juncece. See cut 
under Juncus. 
juncaceous (jung-ka'shius), a. [< NL. junca- 
ceus, < L. juncus, a rush: see Juncus, junk 1 .] 
In bot., pertaining to or resembling the Junca- 
cew, or those plants of which the rush is the 
type; juncous. 
juncture 
Juncaginese (jung-ka-jin'e-e), n. pi. [NL. (C. 
Richard, 1808), < Juncago (Juncagin-), a former 
generic name, + -eee.] A natural order of plants. 
It consists of erect herbs with rush-like leaves, and spikes 
or racemes of inconspicuous flowers, with a perianth of 
six divisions and an ovary of 3 or more carpels. They 
are unimportant plants growing in marshes. The genera 
are Triglochin, Scheuchzeria, and Tetronicum. 
juncal (jung'kal), a. [< NL. juncalis, < L. jun- 
cus, a rush: see Juncus.] 1. Belonging to or 
concerned with the genus Juncus. 2. Belong- 
ing or relating to the Juncales. 
Juncales (jung-ka'lez), n. pi. [NL. (Lindley, 
1846), pi. of juncalis: see juncal.] According 
to Lindley, an ' ' alliance " of plants embracing 
the orders Juncaceai and Aracece. 
juncatet, . An obsolete form otjunkefi. 
JunceSB (jun'se-e), n. pi. [NL. (A. P. de Can- 
dolle, 1815),< Juncus + -ecu.] A synonym of Jun- 
cacece. 
junciform (jun'si-form), a. [< L. juncus, a rush, 
+ forma, shape.] Reed-like; growing like a 
rush : as, a junciform polyp. 
junckerite (Jung'- or yong'ker-it), n. [Named 
after M. Juncker, director of the mines at 
Poullaouen, France.] In mineral., same as 
siderite. 
JunCO (jung'ko), n. [NL.; origin uncertain.] 1. 
A notable genus of the finch family, Fringillidce; 
the North American snowbirds. Junco hiema- 
lis is the black snowbird so abundant in winter in most 
parts of the United States, about 6J inches long, of a black- 
ish slate-color with white belly and white lateral tail-fea- 
thers and pink bill. Several other species or varieties 
occur in the western United States and Mexico, chiefly in 
mountainous regions, as the Oregon snowbird (J. oreaonus), 
the gray-headed snowbird (J. caniceps), and the Mexican 
snowbird (J. alticola). The genus was instituted by Wag- 
ler in 1831, and later called by Audubon Niphosa. See cut 
under snowbird. 
2. [I. c.] Any bird of this genus; a snow- 
bird. 
juncous (jung'kus), a. [= Sp. Pg. juncoso = 
It. giuncoso, < Ti. juncosus, full of rushes, < jun- 
cus, a, rush: see Juncus, junk 1 .] Full of rushes ; 
resembling rushes ; juncaceous. [Rare.] 
junction (jungk'shon), n. [= F. jonction = Sp. 
junction = Pg.jmicgao, < L. junction-), a join- 
ing, <.jungere, pp. junctus ; join: see join.] 1. 
The act or operation of joining; the state of 
being joined; union; combination; coalition: 
as, the junction of two armies or detachments. 
Though there was a junction, there never was a real 
union, of the slave with the free States. 
Nineteenth Century, XXIII. 98. 
2. A place or point of union or meeting; espe- 
cially, the point or locality where two or more 
lines of any kind come into union : as, a town 
at the junction of several rivers. The word is often 
used specifically in naming a place, otherwise unimpor- 
tant, where two or more railroads meet. 
There is one joint so perfect that it can only be discerned 
by the minutest search ; it is not even so perceptible as 
the junction of two pieces of paper which have been pasted 
together. B. Taylor, Lands of the Saracen, p. 169. 
Syn. 1. Connection, etc. See union. 
junctional (jungk'shon-al), a. [< junction + 
-al.] Pertaining to a junction: as, "junctional 
lines," Encyc. Brit., II. 289. 
junction-box (jungk'shon-boks), n. A chamber 
connecting two or more lines of pipe. 
In submarine mining, when it is necessary to employ a 
multiple cable, & junction-box is used to facilitate the con- 
nection of the several separate wires diverging from the 
extremities of such a cable. Farrow, Mil. Encyc., II. 147. 
junction-plate (jungk'shon-plat), n. A welt 
or break-joint plate, secured by rivets over the 
_ edges of boiler-plates which form a butt-joint. 
junctot, n. An obsolete variant of junto. 
junctura (jungk-tu'ra), .; pi. junctures (-re). 
[L. : see juncture.] In zool. and anat., same 
as juncture, 2. 
juncture (jungk'tur), n. [< L. junctura, a join- 
ing, a joint, <jungere,-pp.junctus, join : see join. 
Cf. jointure, from the same L. source.] If. A 
joining; junction. 
Nor are the soberest of them so apt for that devotional 
compliance and juncture of hearts which I desire to bear 
in those holy offices to be performed with me. 
EOeon Basilike. 
2. The line or point at which two bodies are 
joined ; a joint or articulation ; a seam. 
Swift to perform heav'n's fatal will it [the dart] fled, 
Full on the juncture of the neck and head, 
And took the joint, and cut the nerves in twain. 
Pope, Iliad, xiv. 544. 
3. A point of time ; particularly, a time ren- 
dered critical or important by a concurrence of 
circumstances ; a conjuncture. 
what Luck it is, Sir Rowland, that you were present at 
this Juncture .' Congreve, Way of the World, iv. 15. 
