kind 
it sometimes keeps the singular form : as, these kind of 
people. This inaccuracy is very old, and still far from 
rare, both in speaking and in writing; but good usage 
condemns it. 
I have heard of some kind of men that put quarrels 
purposely on others. Shak., T. N., iu. 4, 266. 
These kind of knaves I know. Shak., Lear, ii. 2, 107. 
All kind of living creatures. Milton, P. L., iv. 286. 
To do one's kindt, to act according to one's nature. 
I did but my kind, I ! he was a knight, and I was fit to 
be a lady. Marston, Jonson, atid Chapman, Eastward Ho. 
You must think this, look you, that the worm will do 
his kind [i. e. the asp will bite], Shak. , A. and C., v. 2, 264. 
= Syn. Sort, Kind (see sort); breed, species, set, family, 
description. 
kind'^t (kind), v. t. [< kind 2 , n. Cf. kindk 1 .] 
To beget. 
All monstrous kinded gods, Anubys. 
Phaer, ^neid, viii. 
She yet forgets that she of men was kynded. 
Spenser, F. Q., V. v. 40. 
kind 3 (kind), n. [Origin obscure.] A cricket. 
Halliwell. [Somerset, Eng.] 
kindcough (kind'kdf), n. Same as Mnkcough. 
Dunglison. 
kindelicht, a. A Middle English form of kindly. 
kinder. See kind of, under kind 2 , n. 
kindergarten (kin'der-gar"tn), n. [G., a fan- 
ciful name, lit. 'garden of children' (regarded 
as tender plants to be reared), < kinder, gen. pi. 
of kind, a child (see child), + garten = E. garden, 
q. v.] A school in which instruction is imparted 
to very young children by the use of objects and 
instructive games and songs, according to the 
system initiated by Friedrich Froebel (1782- 
1852) in Germany in 1840. 
kindergartner (km'der-gart"ner), n. [< G. kin- 
dergartner: see kindergarten and gardener.] A 
teacher in a kindergarten. 
Little science and little system are shown in most 
homes ; in fact, the kiiiderijartners complain of home in- 
fluences thwarting their teaching. 
W. Odell, Nature, XXXVI. 296. 
kinderkint (kin'der-kin), n. Same as kilderkin. 
kind-hearted (kind'har"ted), a. Having much 
kindness of nature; also, proceeding from or 
characterized by kindness of heart. 
Be, as thy presence is, gracious and kind, 
Or to thyself at least kind-hearted prove. 
Shak., Sonnets, x. 
kind-heartedness (kind'har // ted-nes), H. Kind- 
ness of heart. 
kindleH (kin'dl), . [< ME. kindlen, kyndlen, 
kendlen, kimdlen, bring forth, < kinde, kind : see 
kind 2 .] I. trans. To give birth to; bring forth, 
as young. 
As the cony that you see dwell where she is kindled. 
Shak., As you Like it, iii. 2, 358. 
II. intrans. To bring forth young. 
The poor beast had but lately kindled, and her young 
whelps were fallen into a ditch. Holland. 
kindleH (kin'dl), n. [ME. kindle, kindel: see 
kindle 1 , v.] 1. Progeny; young. 2. A brood 
or litter. 
kindle 2 (kin'dl), v.; pret. and pp. kindled, ppr. 
kindling. [< ME. kindlen, kyndlen, kinlen, set 
on fire; prob. < Icel. kyndill, a candle, torch, < 
L. candela, a candle : see candle.] I. trans. 1. 
To set fire to; set on fire; cause to burn; light: 
as, to kindle tinder or coal; to kindle a fire. 
The bonny lass, 
That kindles my mother's flre. 
The Wffe of Usher's Well (Child's Ballads, I. 216). 
2. To inflame, as the passions or feelings; 
rouse into activity ; excite ; fire : as, to kindle 
anger or wrath ; to kindle love. 
The Britains were nothing pacified, but rather kindled 
more vehementlie to worke all the mischeefe they could 
deuise. Holinshed, King John, an. 1202. 
As coals are to burning coals, and wood to flre, so is a 
contentious man to kindle strife. Prov. xxvi. 21. 
3. To move by instigation ; provoke ; incite ; 
entice. 
But it shall not be so long ; this wrestler shall clear all ; 
nothing remains but that I kindle the boy thither [to 
wrestle], which now 111 go about. 
Shak., As you Like it, i. 1, 179. 
4. To light up; illuminate. 
The flres expanding, as the winds arise. 
Shoot their long beams, and kindle half the skies. 
Pope, Iliad, ii. 537. 
The mighty campanile of Spalato rises, kindled with the 
last rays of sunlight. A A. Freeman, Venice, p. 95. 
=Syn. 1. To ignite, set flre to. 2. To awaken, stimu- 
late, whet, foment, work up. 
II. intrans. 1. To take fire; begin to burn. 
My eye ... caught a light kindling in a window ; it re- 
minded me that I was late, and I hurried on. 
Charlotte Bronte, Jane Eyre, xii. 
3288 
2. To begin to glow; light up; grow bright. 
While morning kindles with a windy red. 
Cmcper, Retirement, 1. 432. 
3. To begin to be excited; grow warm or ani- 
mated ; be roused. 
Then Howard, Home, and Douglas rose, 
The kindling discord to compose. 
Scott, L. of L. M., vi. 7. 
kindle-flret (kin'dl-fir), n. [< kindle*, v., + obj. 
fire. ] A promoter of strife ; a firebrand. 
Heere is he the kindle-fire between these two mighty 
nations, and began such a flame as lasted aboue an hun- 
dred yeeres after, and the smoake thereof much longer. 
Daniel, Hist. Eng., p. 189. 
kindler (kind'ler), . 1. One who or that which 
kindles or animates. 
Now is the time that rakes their revells keep ; 
Kindlers of riot, enemies of sleep. 
Oay, Trivia, iii. 322. 
2. A device attached to a stove for the purpose 
of bringing in contact with the fuel a mass of 
easily lighted material, to kindle the fire. 3. 
A piece of kindling-wood. [Local.] 
Put some kindlers under the pot. 
S. Judd, Margaret, i. 2. 
kmdlesst (klnd'les), a. [< kind 2 , n., + -less.] 
Without natural affection ; unnatural. 
Remorseless, treacherous, lecherous, kindless villain ! 
Shak., Hamlet, ii. 2, 609. 
kindliness (klnd'li-nes), n. The quality of be- 
ing kindly; inclination to be kind; natural af- 
fection; benevolence. 
That mute kindliness among the herds and flocks. 
Milton, Tetrachordon. 
=Syn. Benignity, humanity, sympathy, kind-heartedness, 
fellow-feeling. 
kindling 1 ! (kind'ling), n. [< ME. kyndlynge; 
verbal B. of kindle 1 -, v.] A brood or litter. 
Therfore he seyde to the puple which wenten out to be 
baptisid of him, kindelyngis of eddris, who schewide to 
you to fle fro the wrathe to comynge? 
Wydif, Luke iii. 7 (Purr.). 
kindling 2 (kind'ling), n. [Verbal n. of kindle 2 , 
v.] 1. The act of causing to burn ; setting on 
fire. 2. Material, usually dry wood cut into 
small pieces, for starting a fire: as, put some 
kindling in the stove: most commonly in the 
plural. 
There was a back-log, top-log, middle-stick, and then a 
heap of kindlings, reaching from the bowels down to the 
bottom. Goodrich, quoted in Bartlett. 
kindling-coal (kind'ling-kol), . An ignited 
piece of coal used to light a fire ; material used 
to kindle a fire. 
Thou kindlina cole of an infernall flre, 
Die in the ashes of thy dead desire. 
Breton, Pilgrimage to Paradise, p. 12. 
kindling-WOOd (kind'ling-wud), n. Dry wood 
cut into small pieces to be used in kindling fires, 
kindly (klnd'h), a. [< ME. kyndly, kyndli, knn- 
deliche, < AS. gecyndelic, rarely without the pre- 
fix, cyndelic, natural, < gecynd, nature : see kind 2 , 
n., and -ly 1 . In present use (defs. 2, 3) the 
word is associated with kind 1 .] If. Of or per- 
taining to kind, nature, or origin, (a) Natural; 
characteristic ; existing or coming naturally. 
Geffrey, thou wotest ryght wel this, 
That every kyndely thynge that is 
Hath a kyndely stede, ther he 
May best in it conserved be. 
Chaucer, House of Fame, 1. 730. 
There is nothing more ordinary or kindly in speech 
then such a phrase as expresses onely the cheife in any 
action, and understands the rest. 
Milton, On Def. of Humb. Remonst. 
(&) Of a suitable nature or quality ; fit ; proper. 
This [ricel serves them for Bread-corn ; and as the Coun- 
try is very kindly for it^ so their Inhabitants live chiefly 
of it. Dampier, Voyages, II. i. 26. 
(c) Consonant in kind ; appropriate ; agreeable. 
My age is as a lusty winter, 
Frosty, but kindly. Shak., As you Like it, ii. 8, 58. 
(d) Native ; pertaining to nativity ; indigenous. See kind- 
ly tenant, below. 
Uche kyng shulde make him boun 
To com to her kyndely toun. 
Cursor Mundi, MS. Coll. Trin. Cantab., f. 70. (Halliwett.) 
(e) Naturally inherent ; inborn ; innate. 
Do you not know that daintiness is kindly unto us, and 
that hard obtaining is the excuse of woman's granting? 
Sir P. Sidney, Arcadia, iii. 
Whatsoever as the Son of God He may do, it is kindly 
for him as the Son of man to save the sons of men. 
Andrews, Sermons, IV. 253. 
(/) Of legitimate birth ; lawfully begotten. 
He must be a genuine or kindly son, irais yf>}<Ttos, one 
born in lawful marriage, and even begotten with a special 
intent. W. E. Hearn, Aryan Household, p. 73. 
2. Naturally inclined to good; sympathetic ; 
benevolent : as, a kindly old gentleman ; a 
kindly disposition ; also, benignant ; gracious. 
kindness 
The shade by which my life was crost . . . 
Has made me kindly with my kind. 
Tennyson, In Memoriam, Ixvi. 
Lead, kindly Light ! amidst the encircling gloom, 
Lead Thou me on. 
J. H. Newman, Lead, Kindly Light. 
3. Soft ; agreeable ; refreshing ; favorable ; 
beneficial : as, kindly showers. 
The path I was walking felt kindly to my feet. 
Lou-ell, Study Windows, p. 54. 
Kindly tenant, in Scots law, a tenant whose ancestors 
have resided for a long time upon the same lands. =SytL 
2 and 3. Kindly, Kind; gracious, benign, kind-hearted. 
Kindly (by derivation, kind-like) is naturally softer than 
kind; it also properly has regard to feeling or manner, 
while kind often refers to acts. 
kindly (klnd'li), adv. [< ME. kindly, kyndly, 
kindely, kendeliche, cundeliclie, earliest form icun- 
deliche, < AS. gecyndelice, rarely without the 
prefix, cyndelice, naturally, < gecyndelic, natural : 
see kindly, a. In present use the adv. is taken 
as kind 1 , a.,+ -ly*.] It- In a natural or native 
manner, (a) By nature; naturally; instinctively. 
Deceite, wepyng, spynnyng, God hath gyve 
To wommen kyndely whil that they may lyve. 
Chaucer, Prol. to Wife of Bath's Tale, L 402. 
Then he [Bartholomssus, "De Propr. Kernm," bk. xii. 
cap. xxix.] goes on to say that Jacobus de Vitriaco tells 
of another cause of their death, viz. that the serpent 
("who hateth kindlye this Birde") climbs into the nest 
when the mother is absent and stings the young to death. 
JV. and Q., 7th ser., VII. 374. 
(6) By heart ; thoroughly. 
"Peter!" quath a ploughman and putte forth hushefd, 
"Ich knowe hym as kyndeliche as clerkus don hure 
bokes." Piers Plowman (C), viii. 183. 
(c) By nativity ; as regards nature or origin. 
I surely thought that that manner had bene kindly 
Irish, for it is fair differing from that we have nowe. 
Spenser, State of Ireland. 
2. Congenially; readily; spontaneously; with 
aptitude. 
Examine how kindly the Hebrew manners of speech 
mix and incorporate with the English language. 
Addison, Spectator, No. 405. 
The silkworm is a native, and the mulberry proper for 
its food grows kindly. 
Jefferson, Notes on Virginia (1787), p. 63. 
3. In a kind manner; with sympathetic ten- 
derness, consideration, or good will. 
Thane the conquerour kyndly comforthes these knyghtes, 
Alowes thame gretly theire lordly a-vowes. 
ilorte Arthure (E. E. T. S.), 1. 396. 
And he comforted them, and spake kindly unto them. 
Gen. 1. 21. 
The broken soldier, kindly bade to stay, 
Sat by his flre, and talk'd the night away. 
Goldsmith, Des. ViL,l. 155. 
4. Lovingly; affectionately; tenderly. 
Whan he saw 'twas she, 
He kindly took her in his arms, 
And kist her tenderlie. 
Young Bekie (Child's Ballads, IV. 16). 
5. Propitiously; auspiciously; favorably. 
But still the sun looks kindly on the year. 
Jones Very, Poems, p. 106. 
6. As an act of kindness; as a compliment or 
favor; good-naturedly: in the phrase to take 
(something) kindly. 
Should one see another cudgelled, or scurvily treated, 
do you think a man so used would take it kindly to be 
called Hector or Alexander? Steele, Tatler, No. 171. 
kindly-savin (kind'li-sav"in), n. See savin. 
kindness (kind'nes), n. [ME. kyndenesse; < 
kind 1 , a., + -ness.] 1. The state or quality of 
being kind; good will; benevolence; benefi- 
cence of action or manner. 
He holpe me out of my tene ; 
Ne had not be his kyndenesse, 
Beggers had we ben. 
Lytell Geste of Kobyn Bode (Chad's Ballads, V. 67) 
There is no man whose kindness we may not sometime 
want^ or by whose malice we may not sometime suffer. 
Johnson, Rambler. 
Experience proves that kindness, as distinguished from 
personal affection, which is quite another thing, does not 
generally come by spontaneous growth so much as by re- 
flection and the cultivation of a larger sympathy. 
H. N. Oxenham, Short Studies, p. 61. 
2. A kindly or tender feeling; affection; love. 
I have sworn deep oaths of thy deep kindness, 
Oaths of thy love, thy truth, thy constancy. 
Shak., Sonnets, clii. 
You don't do well to make sport with your Relations, es- 
pecially with a young Gentleman that has so much kind- 
ness for you. Steele, Tender Husband, ii. 1. 
3. That which is kind; an act of good will; a 
benefaction: as, to do one a kindness. 
To do the more of kyndenes 
I [God] took thi kinde and nothing dredde. 
Political Poems, etc. (ed. Furnivall), p. 163. 
I have received some small kindnesses from him. 
Shak., T. of A., iii. 2, 22. 
