knurned 
knurnedt, a. [ME. cnurned, knorned; < *knurn, 
"knoru (appar. equiv. to knurl, < knur), + -erf 2 .] 
Knotty; knobby; gnarled. 
He . . . sege no synge of resette . . . 
Bot hyge boiikkez A; l)rent. vpon bothe halue, 
& ruje knokled knarrez, with knorned stonez. 
Sir Gawayne and the Green Knight (E. E. T. S.), 1. 216S. 
knurr, n. See kit ur. 
knurredt (nerd), a. [< knur + -ed 2 .] Knotted 
or studded. Davies. 
Thee gates of warfare wyl then bee mannacled hardly 
With steele bunch chayne knob clingd, knurd and nar- 
rolye lincked. Stanihurst, JSneid, i. 281. 
knurry(ner'i),a. [< Jcnur + -y 1 .~\ Full of knurs 
or knots ; gnarly. 
And as (with vs) vnder the Oaked barke 
The knurry knot with branching veines we marke 
To be of substance all one with the Tree. 
Sylvester, tr. of Du Bartas's Weeks, i. 4. 
Now I am like the *Mrrte-bulked oak. 
Drayton, Shepherd's Garland. 
ko, v. %. An obsolete or dialectal contraction of 
quoth, 
koa (ko'a), n. [Hawaiian.] A common and 
very valuable forest-tree of the Sandwich Is- 
lands, Acacia Eon. Its wood is excellent for fuel and 
for construction, and especially for fine cabinet-work, its 
polished surface being handsomely marked with wavy 
lines. It is much used for veneers. The bark is em- 
ployed for tanning. 
koala (ko-a'la), n. [Also coala ; native Austra- 
lian.] A marsupial mammal of Australia, Phas- 
COlarctos cinereus. It is related to the wombats and 
phalangers, but is now commonly placed in another family, 
PhascoiarctidtB. It is an arboreal animal, whose general 
aspect recalls both the sloths and the bears. The form is 
stout and clumsy, with no visible tail, a short snout, bushy 
ears, thick woolly pelage, and feet formed like hands for 
grasping limbs of trees. In the fore foot two of the digits 
oppose the other three, and in the hind the inner toe 
serves for a thumb. The fur is ashy-gray. The koala has 
one cub at a time, which is carried about by the parent 
for a while after leaving the pouch. The animal feeds on 
leaves and twigs of trees. The natives pursue it in the 
trees, where it is despatched with a club, or shaken off a 
branch to be killed or disabled by the fall. Also called na- 
tive sloth, native bear, and kangaroo-bear. 
kob (kob), . [African. Hence NL. Kobus, 
koba.} An African antelope of the genus Ko- 
bus; a water-antelope, of which there are sev- 
eral distinct species known by different names. 
The sing-sing, Antilope koba or Kobus sing-sing, is a large 
species of western Africa, reddish-brown above and white 
below, with annulated horns forming together a lyre- 
shaped figure. The water-buck, K. ellipsiprymnus, is a 
large animal of southern and eastern Africa, of a brown 
color, with a white ellipse on the rump. It stands 12 or 13 
hands high, and has horns 2 feet or more in length. Other 
kobs are the leche-antelope, K. leche; the pookoo, K. mr- 
doni; and the nsunnu, K. leueotis. See Kdnus, 1. 
koba (ko'ba), . Same as kob. 
kobalt, . See cobalt. 
kobang, koban (ko'bang), . [Jap., lit. ' small 
division,' < to, lit- ^f^ss 
tie, + ban (= Chin. 
fan), a cutting or 
division.] An ob- 
long gold coin 
with rounded cor- 
ners, formerly cur- 
rent in Japan, it 
was about 2 inches 
long and li inches 
broad, weighed original- 
ly about 200 grains troy, 
and was consequently 
worth from 16 to 16 bu, 
though in the early days 
of foreign trade with Ja- 
pan it was valued at only 
4 bu (equivalent to one 
rift or ounce of silver). 
This unfavorable rate of 
exchange having almost 
drained the country of 
ite gold, the govern- 
ment became alarmed, 
and after adopting sev- 
eral palliative measures 
Ultimately reduced the Kobang. (Size of the original.) 
3310 
weight of the kobang to 51 grains troy, with an average 
fineness of O.CSO. Also spelled cobang. Compare ubamj. 
kobaoba (ko-ba-6'ba), n. [African.] The long- 
horned white rhinoceros of Africa, Rhinoceros 
(Atelodus) simtis. 
kobellite (ko'bel-it), n. [After Franz von 
Kobell, a German mineralogist and poet (1803- 
82).] A mineral of a blackish lead-gray or steel- 
gray color. It is a sulphid of antimony, bis- 
muth, and lead. 
kobold (ko'bold), n. [= D. kobold = Sw. Dan. 
kobolt, < G. kobold, < MHG. kobolt, a spirit of 
the hearth, a fairy, goblin; perhaps < MHG. 
kobe, Q. koben, a room, cabin (= AS. cofa, E. 
cove 1 ), + -wait (reduced to -olt, -old, as in herald 
= E. herald) (= AS. -wealda), ruler, < vialten, 
wield, rule ; the sense being equiv. to AS. eof- 
god, in pi. cofgodas, lares, penates, household 
gods a word containing the same initial 
element (E. cove 1 ). Less prob. < ML. cobalus, 
a goblin, demon, < Gr. K<5/3a/,o?, an impudent 
rogue: see goblin. Hence prob. cobalt, q. v.] In 
Germany, an elemental spirit, or nature-spirit 
of the earth, corresponding to this element as 
undines, sylphs, and salamanders respectively 
correspond to water, air, and fire ; a gnome or 
goblin. Eobolds are supposed to inhabit mines and 
other underground places. When regarded as present in 
houses, the kobold is more frequently called a poltergeist 
('racket-sprite'), in allusion to its mischievous pranks. 
Kobresia (ko-bre'si-a), . [NL. (Willdenow, 
1805), named after yoii Kobres of Augsburg, who 
collected a rich cabinet of natural history which 
was purchased by King Lud wig of Bavaria. ] A 
genus of glumaceous plants of the natural or- 
der Cyperacea:, tribe Scleriece, type of an old 
division Kobresiece. It differs from Scleria in having 
the spikelets always disposed in a terminal spike and the 
leaves frequently eespitose at the base of the stem. Eight 
species have been recognized, which should probably be 
reduced to three or four, inhabiting the northern and 
mountainous parts of Europe and Asia. They are low 
cespitose perennials with grass-like leaves and often leaf- 
less scapes, closely resembling sedges. 
Kobresieae (ko-bre-si'e-e), n. pi. [NL. (Lesti- 
boudois, 1819), < ifobresia + -e<e.] A division of 
the Cyperacea: including, besides Kobresia, a 
number of old genera (Elyna, Catagi/tia, Opetio- 
la, Diaptiora, etc.), most of which are now em 
braced in Scleria, Kobresia, or Eriospora, that 
is, in the tribe Scleriece, but some belong to 
Cyperus and other genera not included in that 
tribe. 
Kobus (ko'bus), n. [NL. (J. E. Gray, 1846), 
< kob, q. v.] 1. A genus of African antelopes 
of the family Bovidce, subfamily Antilopince, 
forming part of a small group sometimes named 
Cervicaprinte ; the water-bucks. It includes a 
number of water-antelopes called kobs. Cervi- 
capra is a synonym. 2. [I. c.] An antelope 
of the genus Kobus; a kob. 
KocMa (ko'ki-a), n. [NL. (Roth, 1799), named 
after W. D. J. Koch, director of the Botanical 
Garden at Erlangen.] A genus of chenopodia- 
ceous plants of the tribe Chenolea;, character- 
ized by a turbinate perianth, the lobes broadly 
winged in the fertile flowers. About 30 species 
are known, inhabiting central Europe, temperate Asia, 
northern and southern Africa, and Australia, besides a 
single species in India and another in western North 
America. They are herbs, often woody at the base, with 
alternate entire leaves and inconspicuous flowers, some 
of which are hermaphrodite, others entirely female, the 
fertile expanding into horizontal wings in the fruit. Two 
Australian species, K. aphyUa and K. tedifoKa, are ever 
green shrubs 2 to 3 feet high, and are cultivated under the 
name of broom-cypress. Other Australian species, K. eri- 
antha, K. pubescent, and K. villosa, are valuable fodder- 
plants in the arid regions of that continent. The last- 
named is called the cotton-bush on account of its downy 
adventitious excrescences, and is highly valued. The 
American species, K. prostrata, partakes of this quality, 
and affords excellent winter grazing in the west when no 
grass can be obtained; in common with another related 
plant, Eurotia lanata, it there receives the name of white 
xage. 
Kochiese (ko-kl'e-e), n. pi. [NL. (Endlicher, 
1836), < Kochia +'-eai.~\ In Endlicher's botanical 
system, a subtribe of the tribe Cltenopodiea?, or- 
der CJienopodea>, characterized by the absence of 
floral bracts, and embracing 13 genera, a num- 
ber of which are now regarded as synonyms, 
and those still retained fall under several of 
the modern tribal divisions. One of these gen- 
era, Cryptocarpus, is excluded from the order 
entirely and referred to the Nyctagineas. 
kodt, v. i. An obsolete variant of quoth. 
" Y well queyt the," kod the screffe. 
Robin Hood and the Potter (Child's Ballads, V. 28). 
koel (ko'el), n. [Hind, koyal, kokla, Prakrit 
koelo, < Skt. kokila, cuckoo: see cuckoo.'] A 
cuckoo of the genus Eudynamys, as the Indian 
koel, E. orientulis. Also koil, kuil. 
Kogia 
Kceleria (ke-le'ri-a), 11. [NL. (Persoon, 1805), 
named after Georg Lud wig Koler, professor at 
Mainz, and author of a work on grasses.] A 
genus of grasses falling within the tribe Fes- 
tucete or fescue family, and the subtribe Era- 
grostece, distinguished by a spike-like cylindra- 
ceous or somewhat interrupted panicle, and 
more or less hyaline-scarious flowering glumes. 
They are annual 'or perennial cespitose grasses with nar- 
row flat or almost setaceous leaves. There are 15 spe- 
cies, chiefly natives of Europe, temperate Asia, and north- 
ern Africa, but a few occur in other parts of the world, 
notably one species, K. cristata, in North America and also 
in South Africa, as well as in Europe and elsewhere. This 
widely distributed species is a valuable "bunch-grass" of 
the arid regions of western America. The closely allied 
A', fflauca of Australia can be sown to advantage on coast- 
sand. 
Kffilreuteria (kel-rorte'ri-a), . [NL. (Lax- 
niann, 1770), named after Joseph Gottlieb Kol- 
j-ewter,professorof natural historyatCarlsruhe.] 
A genus of ornamental Chinese trees with blad- 
der-like fruit, belonging to the natural order 
Sapindacea;, and type of Radlkofer's tribe Koel- 
renteriea, distinguished by its 5 valvate se- 
pals, 3 to 4 spreading petals, inflated loculicidal 
capsule, pinnate leaves, and ample, terminal, 
many-flowered, branching panicles of yellow 
flowers. Two species are now recognized, one of which, 
K. panicidata, a small tree with coarsely toothed leaflets 
Branch of Kaelrfutfria faHiculata, with fruit. 
a, perfect flower ; b. male flower ; c, fruit cut longitudinally, showing 
two seeds. 
and large bladdery pods, is extensively planted in parks 
in both Europe and America, where it is hardy, and very 
handsome in leaf, flower, and fruit. 
Koelreuterieae (kel-ro-te-ri'e-e), n.pl. [NL. 
(Radlkofer, 1888), < Kcelreutcria + -ece.] A tribe 
of plants of the order Sapindacea;, typified by 
the genus Koslreuteria, and embracing in addi- 
tion the genera Stocksia and Erythrophi/sa. 
Kcenigia (ke-nij'i-a), n. [NL. (Linnseus, 1767), 
named after Johan'n Gerhard Konig, a pupil of 
Linnaeus, and later a traveler and collector of 
plants.] A genus of polygonaceous plants, 
type of the tribe Kcenigiea:, being delicate dwarf 
herbs with hyaline bracts, small obovate entire 
leaves, and minute flowers, chiefly fascicled 
among the upper leaves, the lobes of the peri- 
anth and stamens generally three. Two very 
closely allied species, perhaps only varieties of one, occur, 
the one widely distributed throughout the arctic and sub- 
arctic regions, the other confined to the Himalaya moun- 
tains. 
Kcenigieae (ke-ni-ji'e-e), n. pi. [NL. (Bentham 
and Hooker, 1880), < Kcenigia + -eoc.] A tribe of 
plants of the order Polygonacea;, of which Koe- 
nigia is the type. They are low herbs with dichoto- 
mous inflorescence, the flowers capitate or densely fas- 
cicled in the forks. It embraces besides 'Kcenirria four 
other genera, all natives of California, one of which is also 
found in Chili. 
koft, a. Same as eof. 
koff (kof), n. [< D. kof, a two-masted vessel.] 
A small Dutch sailing vessel. 
koffle, . See coffle. 
koftgar (koft'gar), . [Hind.: see koftgari.'] 
In India, an inlayer of steel with gold. See koft- 
i/ari. 
koftgari (koft'ga-ri), . [Hind. koftgari,< koftn. 
pounded, + -gari, doing, making, < -gar, doer.] 
Inlaid East Indian metal-work in steel and gold : 
a variety of damaskeening. The pattern is drawn 
>ut on the surface of the steel, and a wire of soft pure gold 
is hammered in. The chief center of the art is Gujerat in 
the Panjab. Also called koft- or kuft-work. 
koft-WOrk (koft'werk), n. Same as Icoftgari. 
Art Jour., 1884, p. 198. 
Kogia (ko'ji-a), n. [NL.] A genus of pygmy 
sperm-whales, of the subfamily I'lt 
