kosmic 
3312 
Krishna 
See cosmic etc. Fifteen knyches [var. theves, Camb. MS.] com in a stounde kreatinine, kreatinin, . See creatinine. 
) Al ,.1.111 onH <raf thav mp t.llVS wnlllllift. lm\fl/\'m-is\vi /\rf _ fleim ' TirtTi ^ )! 111 1fYff\, 
. , . 
Al slap, and gaf thay me thys wounde. 
Gu W o/ra*,MiddlehillMS. 
kosmic, kosmogqny, etc. 
koss, n. See eoss 8 . 
koSSO (kos'o), M. See cusso. 
Kosteletzkya (kos-te-lets'ki-a), . [NL. (Presl, kraal (kral or kral), n. 
1835), named after V. F. Ko'stelcteky, a Bohe- 
mian botanist.] A genus of malvaceous plants 
of the tribe Hibiscece, closely related to Hibis- 
cus, from which it differs chiefly in having only 
one ovule in each cell of the ovary. Eight species 
have been described, inhabiting the warmer parts of 
America, several in Mexico and Texas, and one (K. Vir- 
yinica) extending as far north as the salt marshes of 
New Jersey and New York. This last, which is a well- 
known plant, is a tall perennial herb, sometimes 4 or 5 
(kre-dem'non), n.; pi. kredemna' 
(_).[<<},. ^ efimVj Doric KpdS^vov (see 
def.), < /cpdf, a form of K&pa, the head, + &iv, 
bind, tie.] In Gr. antiq., a form of veil which 
was drawn over the hair in such manner that 
the ends hung down on each side. 
five feet in length and 
provided with a sepa- 
rate bridge. It is played 
with both hands, like the 
harp. The tuning is effect- 
(HaUiwell.) 
[S. African D. , perhaps 
< Sp. corral = Pg. 'curral, a pen or inclosure for 
cattle, a fold : see corral. The name may have 
been picked up from the Portuguese. Other- 
wise a native African name.] In South Africa, kreel (krel), . Another spelling of creel. 
primarily, a collection of huts arranged around kreittonite (kri' ton-it), n. [< Gr. Kjiei; 
a circular inclosure for cattle, or the inclosure tcpeiaauv, compar. of Kparvf, strong (= E. hard), 
itself; hence, any closely built village, especial- + -ifc2.] A variety of gahnite, or zinc spinel, 
ly one within a stockade, or a farming estab- from Bodenmais in Bavaria, containing 17 per 
__ lishment or ranch. Also spelled krawl. cent, of iron sesquioxid. 
feet high, with ample' heart-shaped or"'h'aToerd"-8haped krablite (krab'lit), n. [< Krabla, a volcano in kremersite (krem'er-sit), n. [Named after one 
3-lobed leaves, and large rose-purple flowers, often 2 Iceland.] Another name of the mineral or min- Kremers, who analyzed it.] Achloridof iron, 
inches in width. eral aggregate baulite. -i - -? j j:..~ f ^ 
Koszta's case. See case*. kraftt kraftyt. Obsolete spellings of cr/i, 
kotet, An obsolete form of ooaf. crafty 
koto (ko'to), n. [Jap.] A Japanese musical in- j^-j^ ,._ A Middle English form of crack. 
strument,consistingof jrjaken (kra'- or kra'ken), . [Also sometimes 
a long box over which kraaken . < Dau- Baleen, < Norw. krake, a fabled 
are stretched thirteen sea _ mongter : little used in Norw., but appar. a 
strings of silk, each partieular use ot brake, a pole, stake, post, a 
stunted crooked tree, a hook, also a stunted 
animal or person, = Icel. kraki, a pale, stake, 
post, = Dan. krage, a climbing-pole, = Sw. 
krake, a stunted horse ; prob. ult. akin to E. 
crook.'] A mythical sea-monster said to ap- 
pear at times off the coast of Norway. The pop- 
ular notion of the kraken dates back at least to the time 
^S^tK$$^SE^A^ krVmslkremz), n. Same as Kremnitz white, 
ieuthw, might furnish a reasonable basis for the myth. kreng, . See krang. 
To believe all that has been said of the Sea-Serpent or the krenneiite (kren'er-it), n. [Named after Prof. 
Kraken would be credulity, to reject the possibility of J. A. Krenner of Budapest.] A rare tellurid of 
gold and silver occurring in orthorhombic crys- 
tals at Nagyag in Transylvania. Sometimes 
called buiwenite. 
See creosote. 
krestet, < An obsolete form of crest. 
j SCit SllttKC Ul VI1C J.1UI WCttli"' IJUIUB. , L* _ it 'it i \ r/"H 11 J 
B. Taylor, Northern Travel, p. 283. kreutzer, kreuzer (kroit'ser), n. [G., SO called 
ie the type of the coin was originally a 
cross; < kreuz, a cross: see cross 1 .] 1. A coin 
potassium, ammonium, and sodium, found as a 
sublimation product at Vesuvius, 
kremlin (krem'lin), n. [< F. kremlin (with ac- 
com. F. term, -in) = G. kreml, < Kuss. kremli, a 
citadel, fortress.] In Russia, the citadel of a 
town or city; specifically [cop.], the citadel of 
Moscow, including within its walls the impe- 
rial palace and arsenal, churches, monasteries, 
and other imposing buildings. 
A Kremlin, or, to use the Russian form of the word, a 
"Kremle,"is merely a walled inclosure with towers at the 
corners, situated in a commanding position near the cen- 
ter of a city, and intended to serve as a stronghold, or 
place of refuge, for the inhabitants in time of war. 
The Century, XXXVI. 10, note. 
Kremnitz 
Japanese Woman Playing the Koto. 
ed by shifting the position of the bridge, and semitones are 
obtained by pressing the string behind the bridge. 
kotow, kowtow (ko-tou' or -to'), n. [Also ko- 
too, kootoo, kotou; < Chin, k'ow t'ow, or k'eu t'eu, 
lit. 'knocking the head' (se. on the ground, in 
reverence): k'ow, knock; t'ow, colloq. form of 
show, the head.] A knocking of the forehead 
on the ground while kneeling, as an act of hom- 
age, reverence, worship, respect, etc. It is the 
ceremony of prostration performed in China by persons 
admitted to the imperial presence, in religious ceremo- 
nies, before magistrates, by an inferior to a superior, 
especially in making a humble apology, etc. Before the 
emperor and in worship the person performing the kotow 
kneels three times, and touches the ground with the fore- 
head three times after each kneeling. 
kotow, kowtow (ko-tou' or -to'), v. i. [Also 
kotoo, kootoo, kotou; from the noun.] To knock 
the forehead on the ground while kneeling, as 
an act of reverence, worship, apology, etc.; per- 
form the kotow; hence, to fawn or be obsequi- 
ous; cringe. 
I should like to show him I like him, and I have sa- 
laamed and kowtowed to him whenever I had a chance. 
H. James, Jr., Harper's Mag., LXXVII. 94. 
kotri (kot'ri), n. [E. Ind.] An Indian magpie, 
Dendrocitta vayabunda or Fagabunda rufa. 
kottet, . A Middle English form of cut. 
kotwal, n. See cutwal. 
kotyliskos(kot-i-lis'kos),re.;pl.rto#Msfcoi(-koi). 
[< Gr. KOTv/UGKOf, dim. of KOTVMI, a little cup : see 
cotyle.] In Gr. archteol., a small toilet 
vase resembling the aryballus, but 
elongated and contracted instead of 
rounded at the bottom. 
koukri, . Same as kukeri. 
koulan (ko'lan), n. Same as kulan. 
See dziggetai. 
koumiss, koumys, n. See kumiss. 
kouphplite (ko'fo-Ht), n. [< Gr. /coi^of, 
light (in weight or movement),-!- /U'ftjf, 
a stone.] A variety of the mineral 
prehuite found in the Pyrenees, occur- 
ring in masses with cavernous structure, con- 
sisting of thin fragile scales. 
kourbash (kor'bash), n. See koorbash. 
kouskous, . See couscous. 
kousloppet, n. A Middle English form of cowslip. 
kousso, . See cusso. 
koutht, n. A Middle English variant of kith. 
To mi neghburs swithe ma, 
Radnes to mi kouth als-swa. 
MS. Cott. Vespas, D. vii. f. 19. 
their existence would be presumption. 
Goldsmith, Animated Nature, iv. 3. 
Then, like a kraken huge and black, 
She crushed our ribs in her iron grasp ! , 
Longfellow, The Cumberland. KTeOSOte, n. 
The kraaken or great sea snake of the Norwegian fjords. 
sis, crater.'] The mixture of water and wine 
used in the eucharist, especially by the Greek 
formerly current in Germany, struck in silver 
and copper, and worth less than 2 United States 
cents. 2. A modern copper coin of Austria, 
i-a), . [NL. (Linnseus), 
G. S. Kramer, an Austrian 
physician and botanist.] A polypetalous ge- 
nus of American herbs or undershrubs, referred 
by modern botanists to the order Polygalacece, 
or milkwort family, but with such anomalous 
characters as to have been erected by some 
botanists into an order by itself, the Kramcri- 
acece or Krameriece. It has 4 or 5 nearly equal sepals, 
5 unequal petals, a 1-celled ovary containing 2 ovules, a 
globose indehiscent echinate fruit* and seeds destitute 
of albumen. The flowers are borne in terminal racemes. 
The number of species is set down by different authors at 
from 20 to 25, all growing in the warmer parts of America, 
Obverse. 
Austrian Kreutzer. 
Reverse. 
(Size of the original.) 
the one hundredth part of the florin, equal to 
nearly half of a United States cent. 
i, ,u i .u i ' MI i u^. 111 me 'i.iiuni JUII.TI-I .mnii> <i, AlSO ST)Gll6Cl Ct'CUtZCV* 
but ranging from southern Florida and Texas to Chili. K. fcrewellet a. An obsolete spelling of cruel, 
triandra, the ratany, a shrub found in the mountainous i__i,Voi. ClAo'^^>I^ n IV ft frirrlrr a crpprvpr 
parts of Peru, Bolivia, and Chili, from 3,000 to 8,oon feet al- Kneker (kre ker), n. [^ tr. media , a creeper, 
eroucher, < knechen, creep : see creep.] A name 
in Rhode Island, Long Island, and New Jersey 
Tringa maculata. 
titude, produces the medicinal ratany-root of commerce 
(see ratany), and all the species are said to possess in- 
tensely astringent properties. K. pauciflora, from Mexico, 
" shi 
is an ornamental shrub. 
Krameriaceae (kra-me-ri-a'se-e), n. pi. [NL. 
(Lindley, 1835), < Krameria Hh -aceai.] An or- 
der of plants, consisting of the genus Erameria 
only, now referred to the Polygalacea? : same as 
the KramerieiB of Beichenbach. 
krang, kreng (krang, kreng), n. [Alsocrana; < 
D. kreng, a carcass.] In whaling, the carcass of 
a whale after the blubber has been removed. 
krantzite (krant'slt), n. [Named after Dr. A. 
Krantz, a mineral-collector.] A mineral resin 
from Nienburg in Hanover, near amber in com- 
position. 
krasis (kra'sis), n. [Gr. KpdoYC, mixing: see 
~ 
of the pectoral sandpiper, 
Also called squat-snipe and squatter. 
kries, n. Another spelling of creese. 
Krigia (krij'i-a), n. [NL. (Schreber, 1791), 
named after DavidiTn'i/.wlio collected plants in 
Maryland near the beginning of the 18th cen- 
tury.] A genus of North American liguliflo- 
rous composite plants, of the tribe Ciehoriacea^, 
subtribe Hijoseridece, with yellow flowers, usu- 
ally on leafless scapes, a few-bracted involucre, 
many-ribbed achenes, and pappus of 5 to 8 small 
chaffy scales, alternating with as many bristles. 
They are low herbs with milky juice and radical leaves in 
a rosette on the ground, with the aspect of small-flowered 
dandelions. The genus embraces only five species, all of 
(Halliwell.) 
kouthet, kowthet. Middle English forms of pafliol. , a dry, shriveled condition of a part. 
could, preterit of cow 1 . Krause's membrane. See membrane. 
kowght, n. A Middle English form of coc. krawl, n. See kraal. 
kowrie-pine (kou'ri-pin'), n. See kauri-jrinc. kreasote, n. See creosote. 
kowtow, n. and v. See kotow. kreatic, a. See creatic. 
koychet, . [ME.; origin obscure.] A thief (f). kreatine, kreatin, . See creatine. 
ra, . . Ko, aanaenons. me genus tmuraces omy nve eperiea, an ui 
crasis.~\ The act of adding a little water to the which are found in the United States, belonging to three 
voiA nsoH fVir the piicViarnst a nriinitivn nraf sections K. Virgiinca, a common little plant of eastern 
wine used ror tne e North America from Canada to Texas, being the type. K. 
tice recognized in all ancient liturgies except Dandelion, with much larger flowers and globose tubers, 
the Armenian, mentioned by St. Justin Martyr was formerly placed in a distinct genus, Cynthia. 
(writing about A. D. 139) and other early writ- Krigieae (kri-ji'e-e), n. pi. [NL. (Karl Heinrich 
ers, and believed by most liturgiologists to date Schultz, 1835), < Krigia + -e<r.] A tribe of corn- 
from Christ's institution of the sacrament. Also posite plants created for the reception of the 
called mixture. genera Krigia and Lnthera, the latter of which 
krater, n. See crater, 1. is equivalent to Cynthia, now merged in Krigia. 
kraurite (kra'rit), n. [<Gr. xpaipof, brittle, fri- kriket, An obsolete form of creek*. 
able, + -ife 2 .] In mineral., same as dufrenite. kriosphinx, n. See criosphinx. 
kraurosis(kra-ro'sis), n. [NL.,<Gr.Kpavpova6at, kris, . Another spelling of creese. 
become brittle or dry, < Kpai'fiot, brittle.] In Krishna (krish'na), w. [Skt., <krishna, black, 
dark.] In later Hindu myth., a much-worshiped 
deity, son>,of Devaki, appearing also as a lead- 
ing character in the great epic of the Maha- 
bharata, as chief of a people and charioteer of 
Arjuna, to whom he addresses the philosophic 
poem called Bhagavad-Gita. The grounds of his 
