Krishna 
delfU'ution an' nltscinr. He is worked into the general 
system of Hindu religion as :in incarnation of Vishnu. 
krisuvigite (kris'd-vo-pt), M. [< Krisuniy (see 
del'.) + -ifc'-.J A variety of the basic coppi-i- 
sulphate brochantitc, found at Kri.suvigin Ice- 
land. 
kritarchy (krit'iir-ki), . [< Or. K/WIV/C, a judge, 
+ <'w/, rule.] tin' rule of tin- judges over the 
people of Israel. [Rare.] 
Very possibly there may be Herman professors of I)i- 
vlnity who . . . IIM. , Hi, .N'wMi history before Samuel 
to the Ijiys of .Samson, Jephthah, Gideon, and other heroes 
of the Icritarchy. Smdhey, The Doctor, intercliapter xvii. 
krobylos (kro'bi-los), . [< Gr. K/iuftii^of (see 
def.).] In (lr. tinlii/., :i roll or knot of hair on 
the head. By some authorities It is taken as the knot 
or tuft of hair above the forehead familiar in the Apollo 
Belvedere (see etlt inulrr ll/'lli'iii*ti<-) ; tile latest students, 
however, eonsider it to be a gathering of the hair behind 
the heud, often held in place by a pin or other ornament 
The hair was tied in a large knot above the forehead. 
. . . Whether tliis knot was the krttoylm is not deter- 
mined. Kneyc. Brit., VI. 454. 
krocket (krok'et), . [Cf . crocket.'] The oyster- 
catcher, Hiemtitopiin iistr ild/its, [Local, Scotch.] 
kroehnkite (kren'kit), n. [Named after K. 
Kroehnke.'] A hydrous sulphate of copper, oc- 
curring in blue crystalline masses in Chili. 
krome (krom), n. Same as croma. 
krone (kro'ne), n. ; pi. kroner (-ner). [Dan., lit. 
a crown, = E. crown.] 1. A silver coin of Den- 
mark, of the value of Is. 1|</. English, or about 
Obverse. Reverse. 
Danish Krone. (Size of the original. ) 
27 United States cents, containing 100 oere: 
the unit of the Danish coinage. There are gold 
coins of 10 and 20 kroner. 2. A silver coin of 
Norway and Sweden, of the same value. 
Kronia (kron'i-a), n. pi. [Gr. Kp6vta, neut. pi. 
of K.p6vtof, pertaining to Kronos: see Kronos.] 
An ancient Greek festival in honor of Kronos, 
held at Athens in the month Hecatombwon 
(July and August), and resembling in its char- 
acter of merriment the Roman Saturnalia. 
Kronos (kron'os), n. [Also Cronus; Gr. KpoVof 
(see def.), a name in later times regarded erro- 
neously as a var. of xpdvot, time: see chronic.] 
In Gr. myth., the ruler of heaven and earth be- 
fore Zeus, a son of Ouranos (Uranus, Heaven) 
and Ge (Earth), and father by Rhea of Hestia, 
Demeter, Hera, Hades, Poseidon, and Zeus. 
He was driven by hia sons from the throne, Zeus being 
put in his stead, lie was identified by the Romans with 
Saturn. 
Kroo, Kru (kro), n. [African.] One of a stal- 
wart negro race on the coast of Liberia, dis- 
tinguished for skill as seamen. 
Krooman (krO'man), n.; pi. Kroomrn (-men). 
Sume as Kroo. 
krotalon (kro'ta-lon), n. Same as crotalum. 
Kru, H. See Kroo. 
krugite (kro'git), n. [So called after a mining 
director named Krug von Nidda.] A variety 
of polyhalite from Neu-Stassf urt, Germany. 
kruller. n. See crulli-r. 
krummhorn (krum'hdrn), n. [G., < kriimm, = 
E. crump 1 , crooked, + horn = E. harn.] 1. A 
medieval musical instrument of the clarinet 
class, having a curved tube and a melancholy 
tone. 2. In ori/an-building, a reed-stop with 
short, slender metal pipes, and a tone like that 
of the clarinet. Also called clarinet-stop, cro- 
niiin/ii, and corruptly cremoiiit. 
Krupp gun. See gun 1 . 
kryet, ''. A Middle English form of cry. 
kryolite, kxyolith, . See <-runlit<: 
kryometer(kri-om'e-ter), M. [< Gr. Kpi'oc, cold, 
+ fterpov, measure.] A thermometer adapted 
for measuring very low temperatures. 
Thermometers for low temperatures are called Kryome- 
tern (cold meters), and to make the state of the fluid more 
visible the latter is colored with iodine. 
Thauaimj, Beer (trans. \ p. 38. 
krypto-. See crypto-. 
ksart, A former spelling of c-nr. 
The Russian knar 
In Mosco ; or the sultan in Bizance. 
Milton, P. L., il. 394. 
Kshatriya (kshat'ri-yii), H. [Skt., < kshtnt. 
rule, authority.] The second or military caste 
3313 
in the social system of the Brahmanic Hindus. 
the special duties of the members of which are 
bravery, generosity, rectitude, and honorable 
conduct generally. 
kuckuct, n. A Middle English form l PMfcW. 
kudos (ku'dos). n. [Gr. nvfof, glory, renown; 
a poetical word, found chiefly in the Iliad and 
( fdyssey, from which it has passed, as a bit of 
i l.i ssical slang, into some E. use.] Glory; fame; 
renown. [Humorous. J 
I hear now that mueh of the lnulo he received waa un- 
deserved. H'. H. ItwufU, Diary in India, I. 102. 
He decided for the corner choaen by Abraham, and dis- 
tributed the Kudu* amongst the clans. 
R. F. Burton, El-Medinah, p. 386. 
kudos (ku'dos), r. t. [< kudos, .] To bestow 
kudos on; glorify. [Humorous.] 
Kvdoa'd cgregiously in heathen Greek. 
Sovlhey, Nondescripts, i. 
kudumba (ku-dum'b&), . See cadamba. 
kuet, . An obsolete form of cue 1 . 
Kufic, a. and n. See Ciitii: 
kuftan (kuf'tan), . Same as caftan. 
kuft-work (kuft'werk), . Same as koftgari. 
kuge (k6ug'a), . [Jap., = Chin, kung kia, ' pub- 
lic ' or ducal families.] A court noble of Japan, 
as distinguished from a tlaimio or territorial 
noble, or such court nobles collectively. See 
buke*. 
kuhl, >i. See kohl. 
Kuhnia (ku'ni-S), n. [NL. (Linnaeus), named 
after Dr. Adain Kulin of Philadelphia, from 
whom LinncBus received the plant.] A genus of 
American herbs, of the composite family, tribe 
Eupatoriacete, and subtribe Adenostylete, having 
the scales of the involucre imbricated in several 
series, the lobes of the corolla short, the bristles 
of the pappus plumose, the heads middle-sized 
and panicled, and the leaves alternate. Three 
species have been distinguished bysome authors, but others 
reduce them to one. They are all natives of North Amer- 
ica, the typical form, K. euvatonoides, being a common 
plant throughout most of the United States. Itisa branch- 
ing perennial herb with a large deep root, lanceolate leaves, 
and yellowish-white flowers. 
Kuhnieae (ku-ni'e-e), n.pl. [NL. (Karl Hein- 
rich SchultzJ 1850), < Kuhnia + -<#.] A division 
of composite plants, embracing the genera Kuh- 
nia, Liatris, and others now included in the tribe 
Ettpa toriacea 1 . 
kuichua (kwich'wa), . [Braz.] A kind of 
wild cat, Felis macrurus, found in Brazil, no- 
table for the length of its tail. It is one of a 
number of spotted cats, resembling the ocelot, 
indigenous to South America. 
kuicnunchulli (kwi-chon-chol'ye), n. [S. 
Amer.] The root of a species of lonidium 
(probably /. parriflorum) growing in Quito, 
Ecuador. It is said to be diaphoretic, diuretic, and In 
large doses emetic and cathartic, and is used in South 
America as a remedy in certain cutaneous atf ections. 
kuittle, ' t. See cuitle. 
kukang(ko-kaug'), n. [Javanese.] The Ja van 
slow lemur or slow-paced lori, Stenops (Nyctice- 
bux) javanicus, a prosiniian quadruped of the 
family Lcmuridte and subfamily Xycticebina;. 
It is o'f clumsy form, with fore and hind limbs of about 
equal length, the inner digit on each foot reversed, large 
eyes, and apparently no tall. 
kukerl (k8'ker-i), n. [E. Ind.] A sword used 
by the Goorkhas of India. The blade is much broader 
at the point than at the hilt, more or less curved, and usu- 
ally has the sharp edge on the concave curve. By some It 
is thought to have been originally a missile weapon, and 
its form a "survival" of the boomerang or some similar 
throwing-stick. Also kookery, Icoolcret, kouJcri, kuicltri, etc. 
Kuklux (ku'kluks), n. [Short for Kuklujr 
Klan.] 1. Same as Kuklux K Ian. 
The abuse and intimidation of the blacks by the night- 
riders of the Kuiclux had already begun. 
Q. S. Merriam, S. Bowles, II. 43. 
2. A member of the Kuklux Klan. 
They arranged to have an initiation not provided for in 
the ritual. . . . The "procedure" was to place the would- 
be KII Kim in an empty barrel, . . . and to send him 
whirling down the hill. The Century, XXVIII. 402. 
Kuklux (ku'kluks), r. t. [< Kuklux, .] To 
subject to outrage by the methods of the Ku- 
klux Klan. 
Kukluxism (ku'kluks-izm), H. [< Kuklux + 
-ism.] The methods of the Kuklux Klan; out- 
rage by whipping, expelling from home, or 
murder. 
Kuklux Klan (ku'kluks klan). [A fantastic 
name made up by the originators of the associa- 
tion; < Gr. /cficAof, a circle ("the Knights of the 
Golden Circle " and other names involving cir- 
cle having been previously used as the title of 
secret associations in sympathy with the Con- 
Kurd 
, + K.i'/(iii. the peculiar form and spell- 
ing being chosen on account of the alliterative 
mystery, esp. of the abbreviated form A. A. A.] 
In U. S. hint., a secret oath-bound or^ani/ation, 
also called simply Kuklux, which arose in the 
Southern States after the civil war of 1861-65, 
among the participants in or sympathizers with 
secession, the members of which (or persons 
passing as members) perpetrated many out- 
rages, by whipping, expelling, or murdering 
persons obnoxious to them, especially negroes 
and new-comers from the north. Such outrage*, 
by this and similar organizations called "the Invisible 
Empire," "the White league," etc., continued with more 
or less frequency for more than ten years after the war. 
kulan, a. See tt^ii/i/etai. 
kuli (ko'li), . [See coolie.] In southern India, 
hire ; wages. Also spelled culy. 
Kulin (kO'len), H. In India, one of an order 
of Brahmans regarded as of superior sanctity 
and invested with extraordinary privileges, in- 
cluding the right to marry many wives, in con- 
sideration of large dowries and the support of 
the wife by her parents in their own home. Also 
written Kooleen. 
The privilege of maintaining a plurality of wives U re- 
stricted to very few except In the case of Kooteen Brah- 
mins, that superlative aristocracy of caste. 
J. W. Palmer, The Atlantic, XVIII. 733. 
Kulinism (k6'len-izm), n. In India, the privi- 
lege and influence of the Kulin Brahmans, 
especially in respect of marriage and dowries. 
Also written Kooleenism. 
kullus (kul'us), n. [E. Ind.] In the Jain and 
other architectural styles of India, a pinnacle 
in the form of a vase, as that surmounting the 
amalaka or ornamental covering of a Jain or a 
Dravidian tower. 
kumbekephalic (kum-'be-ke-fal'lk), a. Same 
as cymbocephalic. 
I suggested . . . the name Intmbecephalic, or boat- 
shaped ; a name subsequently adopted by other craniolo- 
gigts for this type of skull. 
'/'. WiUon, Prehist Annals Scotland, I. 236. 
kumberbund, . Same as cummerbund. 
kumiss, kumyss (ko'mis), . [Also written 
koomixn, l;u ni ii*. koumiss, koumys (and first in E. 
cosmos : see cosmos 2 ) ; = P. coumis, < Russ. ku- 
muisu (kumysu) = Little Russ. Imwuis (ktimyz) 
(>Pol. komiz, kumys = MGr. KO//OC), < Tatar ku- 
miz, fermented mares' milk.] 1. A common 
beverage of the nomads of northern Asia, con- 
sisting of fermented mares' milk, resembling 
sour buttermilk, but clear and free from greasi- 
ness. The Kirghiz and others distil an intoxi- 
cating liquor from it. 2. A fermented dietetic 
and sanitary drink made in western countries, 
in ( imitation of the preceding, from cows' milk 
wfth sugar and yeast, and allowed to ferment 
until it becomes effervescent and slightly alco- 
holic. 
ktounel (kiim'el), . [< G. kiimmel, lit. cumin : 
see cumin.] A cordial made especially in the 
Baltic provinces of Russia, flavored with cumin, 
caraway, or fennel, and generally much sweet- 
ened. The best quality is called allasch. 
These hore-d'<euvre are accompanied with draughts of 
eau-de-vie and kummet; for the Russians drink their strong 
liquors before dinner. Harper 1 ! Mag., LXXVIII. 863. 
kununerbund, n. See cummerbund. 
kumquat, . See cumquat. 
kumsnaw, n. See cuHinhaw. 
kumyss, See kumiss. 
kundah-oil (kOn'da-oil), n. The oil extracted 
from (.'arapa Toulmicouna. Also written coonila-, 
coondi-, kunda-, and kundoo-oil. See Carapa, 1. 
kunkur (kung'ker), n. Same as kankar. 
kuntee, n. Same as coontee. 
kupferschiefer (kup'fer-she'fer), n. [G. , < kui>- 
fer, = E. copper, + schiefer, slate : see sftirer^.] 
A dark-brown or black shale, often bituminous, 
and in some parts of Germany, especially at 
Mansfeld in the Harz, sufficiently charged with 
copper ore to be worked with profit for that 
metal. It belongs to the Permian series. 
kupfferite (kup'fer-it), . [Named after a Rus- 
sian physicist, Kupffer.] A magnesium sili- 
cate belonging to the amphibole or hornblende 
group. It occurs in prismatic masses having an 
emerald-green color, due to the presence of a 
small amount of chromium. 
Kurd, Koord (kord), . [= F. G. Kurde = Russ. 
Kurdu, < Turk. Ar. Kurd.] A member of a pas- 
toral and predatory Aryan race, which gives its 
name to Kurdistan, a region of Asia hing part- 
ly in Turkey and partly in Persia. The Kurds 
speak an Iranic language, and are mostly Sunni 
Mohammedans. Rarely spelled Curd. 
