lamprey 
prea = It. lampreila AS. lamprede -=G .lamprctc 
= Dan. Sw. lampret, < ML. lampi-eda, earlier 
lampetra, a lamprey, lit. 'lick-rock' (so called 
with ref . to their habit of attaching themselves 
to rocks by their circular suctorial mouths ; cf. 
the equiv. generic name Petromyzon) , < L. lam- 
bere, lick (see lambent), + petra, a rock (see 
pier).] A marsipobranchiate fish, of an elon- 
gated or eel-like form when adult. All the lam- 
preys have a eubinferior circular suctorial mouth, single 
median nostril, well-developed lateral eyes, and 7 pairs of 
lateral branchial apertures. They remain for a long time 
Of A 
A 
Vertical Longitudinal Section of Head and Fore Farts of Sea-lamprey 
(PetromyzoH martinis). 
A, cranium with its contained brain ; a, section of ethmovomerine 
plate ; Ol/ t entrance to olfactory chamber, prolonged into a cxcal 
pouch, O; Ph, pharynx ; Br, branchial channel with inner openings 
of the branchial sacs; Af, cavity of mouth with its horny teeth ; a, lin- 
gual cartilage ; 3, oral ring. 
in the larval or ammocoetiform condition, having then a 
longitudinal slit-like mouth and no eyes. The adults, by 
means of the circular mouth, attach themselves to stones 
and other objects ; they also attack and adhere to fishes, 
eating their way into the interior of the body. They make 
Sea-lamprey (Petromyxtm marinus). 
(From Report of U. S. Fish Commission, 1884. ) 
a nest of stones, which are collected by means of the suc- 
torial mouth. The species, about 20 in number, are most- 
ly inhabitants of the temperate regions of the northern 
and southern hemispheres, and constitute the order Uy- 
peroarOa and family Petromyzontidae, divided into from 4 
to 8 genera. The largest is the sea-lamprey, Petrmnyzon 
marinus, sometimes attaining a length of about 3 feet. 
The best-known species of the northern hemisphere be- 
long to the genera Petromyzon and Lampetra or Ammo- 
coites, as the river-lamprey, or lampern, and the pride. See 
also cut under basket. 
How several sorts of Fish are named according to their 
Age or Growth. ... A Lamprey, first a Lampron Grigg, 
ge or row. ... amprey, first a Lampro , 
then a Lampret, then a Lamprett, then a Lamprey. A 
Lamprell, 
. 
Handle Holme (1688), p. 825. 
, , a 
Lampron, first a Barle, then a Barling, then a 
and then a Lamprey or Lampran. 
, 
Lamprididse (lam-prid'i-de), n. pi. [NL., < 
Lampris (Lamprid-) + -icUe.'] A family of 
acanthopterygian fishes constituted for the ge- 
nus Lampris, of compressed oval form, with 
long dorsal and anal fins, and with subabdom- 
inal ventrals having numerous rays. It con- 
tains the opah. 
Lampris (lam'pris), . [NL.,< Gr. Aa/iKpof, shin- 
ing, bright, brilliant, radiant, < hdfiireiv, shine: 
see tofltpl.] The typical genus of Lamprididee, 
containing one known species, of large size and 
resplendent colors, inhabiting the open sea 
L. luna, the opah. 
Lamprocolius (lam-pro-ko'li-us), w. [NL., < 
Gr. Aa/wrpof, bright, +' ro/Uof, a woodpecker.] 
A genus of splendid African starlings of the 
subf amily Ju idince. Also called Lamprotornis. 
Sundevall, 1836. 
lampron (lam'pron), n. [Also lampu.ni; < ME. 
lampron, lampriin, laumpron, laumprun, < OF. 
lampron, lampreon, lamproyon, lamprion, dim. 
of lampreie, lamprey: see lamprey.'] A lam- 
prey. [Obsolete or provincial.] 
As if thou woldest an eel or a laumprun holde withe 
streite hondis, hou myche strengerli thou thristis so 
myche the sunnere it shal gliden away. 
Wycltf, Prologue to Job. 
lamprophyre (lam'pro-fir), . [< Gr. a<z/rpof, 
bright, + (Troptyvpeof, purple : see porphyry.] 
The name given by Gumbel to rocks, consider- 
ably varied in lithological character, occurring 
in dikes in strata of Paleozoic age. Under the name 
lamprophyre were included rocks resembling minette 
kersantite, and mica-diabase in character, but grouped 
under one name for convenience of geological description 
Rosenbusch divides the lamprophyres into two groups' 
the : syenite and the diaritic: in the former the dominant 
feldspar is orthoclase ; in the latter, plagioclase. 
lamprophyric (lam-pro-fir'ik), . [< lampro- 
phyr(e) + -ic.~\ Of or pertaining to lampro- 
phyre. 
Lamprosoma (lam-pro-so'iua), . [NL. (Kirby, 
1818), < Gr. \afarp6f, shining,"-!- oijfia, body.] 1. 
3340 
In entom., a large and important genus of leaf- 
beetles or Chrysomelida', having the tarsal claws 
appendiculate. It is confined to tropical America, and 
comprises nearly 100 nominal species, the various forms 
of the genus being extremely difficult to determine. 
2f. In herpet. , a genus of colubrif orm serpents, 
now called Chionactis. Hallowell, 1857. 
Lamprotes (lam'pro-tez), n. [NL., < Gr. Aa/i- 
7rpo>%-, brightness, { Aa/i7tp6f, bright: see Lam- 
pris.'] 1. A genus of hymenopterous parasites 
of the f amily Chalcidida;. Walker, 1829. 2. The 
typical genus of tanagers of the subfamily Lam- 
protitia:, having long sharp claws and glossy 
black plumage. W. Swainson, 1837. 3. A ge- 
nus of tineid moths of the family Gelechiidw, 
based upon certain European species formerly 
included in Gelechia. Heinemann, 1870. 
Lamprotinse (lam-pro-ti'ne), n. pi. [NL., < 
Lamprotes, 2, + -ince."] A subfamily of Tana- 
gridce, represented by the genera Lamprotes and 
Sericossypha. P. L. Sclater. 
Lamprotornis (Iam-pro-t6r'nis), . [NL.,< 
NL. Lamprotes + Gr. 'opvif (bpvA-), bird.] 1. 
A genus of Papuan mauucodes or paradise- 
birds: same as Astrapia. Temminck, 1820. 
2. Same as Lamprocolius. W. Swainson, 1837. 
Lamprotornithinae (lam-pro-tor-ni-thi'ne), . 
pi. [NL., < Lamprotornis +'-ince.] A subfam- 
ily of splendid sturnoid passerine birds, of the 
family Sturnidce, typified by the genus Lampro- 
tornis (def. 2), including the African glossy 
starlings and their relatives. The genus name not 
being available in this connection, the subfamily was by 
G. R. Gray in 1865 named Juidince. Also Lamprotornince 
(Swainson, 1837). 
lamprotype (lam'pro-tip), n. [< Gr. fa/mpk, 
bright, + TVKO, impression.] In photog., a 
paper print glazed with collodion and gela- 
tin. 
Lampsacene (lamp'sa-sen), a. [< L. Lampsa- 
ccnus, of Lampsacus, ? Lampsacus, Lampsaoum, 
< Gr. A.d/nl>anof, a city of Mysia, on the Helles- 
pont, now represented in name by a village 
called Lamsaki.1 Of or pertaining to Lampsa- 
cus, the reputed birthplace of Priapus; hence, 
Priapie : especially used with reference to clas- 
sical drama, symbolism, etc. 
Lampsana (lamp'sa-na), n. See Lapsana. 
Lampsanese (lamp - sa ' ne - e), n. pi. See Lap- 
sanets. 
lamp-shade (lamp'shad), n. A shade or screen 
placed above or around the flame of a lamp, to 
intercept, modify, or reflect the light, it may 
be opaque, or have a dark exterior and a reflecting inte- 
rior surface so disposed as to throw the light downward 
or in any other direction desired. Lamp-shades are made 
of glass, tin, porcelain, silk, paper, etc. 
lamp-shell (lamp'shel), n. [So called in allu- 
sion to the resemblance of the shell at one end 
to an ancient lamp with the wick.] A brachi- 
opod of the family Terebratulidce or some relat- 
ed family; by extension, any brachiopod. See 
. 
lamp-stand (lamp'staud), n. An upright stan- 
dard with a broad base, serving to hold one or 
more lamps. 
lamp-stove (lamp'stov), n. A small stove in 
which heat is generated by the combustion of 
oil through the agency of wicks, as in a lamp. 
See oil-stove. 
lampurnt, n. See lampron. 
lampus, n. See lampas%, 1. 
lamp-wick (lamp'wik), n. 1. The wick of a 
lamp. 2. A cultivated labiate plant, Plilomis 
Lychnites, native in southern Europe, its leaves 
are said to have been used as lamp-wicks, whence this and 
the specific name. [In this sense properly lampwick.] 
Lampyridae (lam-pir'i-de), n. pi. [NL., < Lam- 
pyris + -idee.] A family of serricorn malacoder- 
matous pentamerous beetles with 7 or 8 ventral 
segments (of which the first is not elongate), 
the prominent hind coxae not sulcate, the front 
coxaa with trochantin, and the tarsi slender. 
The body is usually lengthened and has flexible elytra, 
though elytra are sometimes wanting. There are more 
than 500 species, mostly American. Many are phospho- 
rescent, and are known as glow-worms, AreJUes, lightning- 
bugs, etc. The family is divisible into Telephorince, Lam- 
pynnce, and Lycince. 
Lampyrinae (lam-pi-ri'ne), n. pi. [NL., < Lam- 
pyns + -inai.] The typical subfamily of Lam- 
pyrida:, having the mesothoracie episterna sin- 
uate and the epipleurw usually wide at the 
base. The group is noted for the luminosity of 
most of its species. See firefly, lightning-bug, 
and glow-worm. 
lampyrine (lam'pi-rin), a. and n. [< Lampyris 
+ -z'nel.] I. a. Luminous, as a firefly ; of or per- 
taining to the Lampyrinw. 
II, n. A member of the Lampi/rina: 
lance 
Lampyris (lam'pi-ris), n. [NL., < L. lampyris, 
< Gr. fa/arvpif, also, and more prop., 
a glow-worm (also a fox), < 
Adfmovpof, having a bright 
tail, < 'A&JJ.TTUV , shine, + ovpd, 
tail. Cf. equiv. irvyo?.a/trrif, < 
xvyi/, rump, + 'Aafnretv, shine ; 
and mp&afurifi < vvp, = E. 
fire, + Uinreiv, shine.] The 
typical genus of the family 
Lampyridce. L. noctiluca and L. 
nplendidula are common European 
fireflies, the females of which are 
wingless, with soft, jointed, worm- 
like body, and are hence termed 
glow-worms. These and the larva: Lampyris ncctnuca. 
are luminous. 
lamy (la/mi), . ; pi. lamies (-miz). [Hebrides.] 
The common murre or guillemot, Lomvia troile. 
C. Swainson. Also lary. 
lana (la'na), n. [8. Amer.] A close-grained 
and tough wood obtained from Genipa Ameri- 
cana, a South American and West Indian tree 
of the natural order Rubiacece. The fruit, called 
yenipap, yields a pigment called lana-dye, which the In- 
dians use to stain their faces and persons. See Genipa and 
genipap. 
lanarkite (lan'ar-kit), n. [< Lanark (see def.) 
+ -zte 2 .] A basic sulphate of lead occurring in 
greenish-white or pale-yellow monoclinic- crys- 
tals at Leadhills in Lanarkshire, Scotland. 
lanary (la'na-ri), . ; pi. lanaries (-riz). [< L. 
lanaria, a wool-factory, fern, of lanarius, be- 
longing to wool, < lana, wool : see lanate.~\ A 
place for storing wool. Hailey, 1727. [Obsolete 
or rare.] 
lanate (la'nat), a. [< L. lanatus, woolly, < lana 
= Gr. /t^vof, wool.] Woolly; covered with a 
substance resembling wool, as an animal, or 
the leaf or stem of a plant. 
lanated (la'na-ted), a. [< lanate + -ed?.'] Same 
as lanate. 
Lancaster black-drop. See black-drop. 
Lancasterian (laug-kas-te'ri-an), a. [< Lan- 
caster (see def.) + -ian.] Of or pertaining 
to Joseph Lancaster, an English schoolmaster 
(1778-1838), or the method of monitorial in- 
struction in primary schools established by 
him: as, the Lancasterian system ; Lancasterian 
schools. The principal feature of the system was the 
teaching of the younger pupils by the more advanced, 
called monitors; hence the terms monitorial and (incor- 
rectly) mutual-instruction system, sometimes used as 
equivalents. 
Lancastrian (lang-kas'tri-an), a, and n. [< Lan- 
caster (see def.) + -ian.] "I. a. In Eng. hist., 
of or pertaining to the dukes or the royal house 
of Lancaster. The Lancastrian kings, descendants of 
John of Gaunt, fourth son of Edward III. and first duke of 
Lancaster, were Henry IV., V., and VI., 1399-1461; and 
the Lancastrian party finally triumphed under their in- 
direct representative Henry VII., the first of the Tudors, 
1485-1509. See II. 
If this fayre rose offend thy sight, 
Placed in thy bosom bare, 
'I will blush to find itself less white, 
And turn Lancastrian there. 
The White Rose. 
II. n. In Eng. hist., an adherent of the house 
of Lancaster ; a supporter of the claims to the 
crown of the Lancastrian line, as against the 
Yorkists, especially in the contests called the 
wars of the Roses (which see, under rose), 
1455-85. 
lance 1 (lans), n. [Early mod. E. also launce; < 
ME. launce (= D. lans = G. lame = Dan. landse 
= Sw. lans), < OF. lance, F. lance = Pr. lansa 
= Sp. lama = Pg. lane a = It. lancia, < L. laneea, 
appar. = Gr. Myxi, a light spear. The L. word 
was said to be of Spanish (Hispanic) origin.] 
1 . A long spear used rather by couching and in 
the charge than for throwing; especially, the 
long spear of the middle ages, and of certain 
modern cavalry regiments in which the use of 
this arm is retained. The war-lance of the fourteenth 
century was about 16 feet long ; that of modern times is 
from 8J to 11 feet A small flag is usually attached to the 
shaft of the lance near the head. 
At the turnynge that tyme the traytours hym hitte . . . 
That the boustous launce the bewelles attamede, 
That braste at the brawlyng, and brake in the myddys. 
Morte Arthure (E. E. T. 8.), 1. 2175. 
My good blade carves the casques of men, 
My tough lance thiusteth sure. 
Tennyson, Sir Galahad. 
2. Any long and slender spear: applied loosely 
to weapons of savage tribes, etc. 3. The in- 
strument with which a whale is killed after be- 
ing harpooned and tired out. Two kinds are used, 
the hand-lance and the bomb-lance, the latter being the 
more effectual. A boat's outfit usually includes three 
hand-lances. 
