land-bank 
land-bank (laud'bangk), . A banking asso- 
ciation which issues its notes for use aa money 
in exchange for mort gages on land. The name U 
Klv specifically tn 11 bunk uf thla sort established in tlic 
province uf Massachusetts in 1741. 
land-beetle (laud'be'tl), . Au adephagous or 
predatory beetle of the group Geadejihat/it : <(\s- 
tinguisheil from irnti r-hn tlr. 
land-blink (land'blingk), //. A peculiar atmo- 
spheric glow observed in the arctic regions on 
approaching land covered with snow. It is 
more yellow than ice-blink. 
land-breeze (limd'brez), n. A current of air 
setting from the land toward the sea; specifi- 
cally, in mcli'iir., a regular night-wind on the 
coasts of continents and islands, which, with 
the returning sea-breeze of the day, consti- 
tutes a complete diurnal oscillation, due to the 
diurnal alternation of the temperature of the 
laud above that of the adjacent ocean during 
the day and below it during the night. 
land-bug (land'bug), n. Any bug of the divi- 
sion (leocores. 
land-carriage (land' kar'aj), n. Carriage or 
transportation by land. 
land-cod (land'kod), n. A kind of catfish, the 
mathemeg, Amiurus borealis. [British Amer.] 
land-compass (laiflTkum'pfts), n. Same as cir- 
riiHifercHtor, 1. 
land-crab (land'krab), . A crab of terrestrial 
rather than aquatic habits, such as any of the 
Gecarcinidte. Also called mountain-crab. 
Some Brachyura are able to live for a long time in holes 
in the earth away from the sea. These latid-crabs under- 
take, usually at the breeding season, common migrations 
to the sea, and return later to the land with their fully 
developed offspring. Claul, Zoology (trans.), II. 489. 
land-crake (land'krak), . The corn-crake or 
land-rail, Crex pratensis. Also called land-drake. 
land-cress (land'kres), i. See cress. 
land-crocodile (laud'krok*o-dil), n. A vara- 
uoid or monitor lizard, Psammosaurus arena- 
riita; the sand-monitor. 
land-damnt (land'dam), v. t. Apparently, to 
damn through the laud; proclaim as a villain; 
expose or disgrace publicly. [The word is dubi- 
ous ; it is found only in the following passage, where it 
has been interpreted in various other ways, and by some 
pronounced a misprint : 
You are abus'd, and by some putter-on, 
That will be daran'd for 't ; would I knew the villain, 
I would land-damn him. .'-7m/,., W. T., U. 1. 148.] 
land-daw (land' da), n. The carrion-crow, Cor- 
vu* curoHC. [Prov. Eng. | 
land-doe (land' dog), n. The lesser dogfish, 
Neylliorainus canicula. [Penzance, Eng.] 
land-drainage (land'dra'naj), n. The act or 
process of Treeing land from water. Land- 
drainage Act, an English statute of 1861 (24 and 2f> 
Viet, c. 133) which relates to the drainage ol agricul- 
tural lands. 
land-drake (laud'drak), n. Same as land-crake. 
[Prov. Eng.] 
lande (land), n. [< F. lande = Sp. Pg. It. 
In inlti, a heath, a waste: see laund*, which is 
from the OP. form of the same word, and is 
now in use only in the form faini*.] An uncul- 
tivated plain, or level region, covered with a 
spontaneous growth of heath, broom, and ferns; 
any unfertile level region or tract in which 
the soil is tilled with difficulty. "The I-amles" Is 
the name give* especially to a region lying along the 
ocean, north of the Pyrenees, which was once a part of the 
bed of the sea, and is covered with sands of Pliocene age. 
These sands have in many places, at an Inconsiderable 
depth beneath the surface, become compacted into beds 
of hard sandstone, called alias. The word lande is used 
by writers in English only with reference to the geography 
of France, and especially to the region included !n the de- 
partment of the<;iromle and in that named from this word 
Les Landes. This region bears naturally little but heath 
and broom, but on the seaward side has been extensively 
planted with sea-pines, which at once hold the sands In 
place and provide an important store of timber. The in- 
land plains are generally occupied as sheep-runs. The 
Landes are dry in summer and marshy in winter. 
landed (lan'ded), a. [< ME. landed, landed; < 
/</</! + -/'-'.] 1. Having possessions in land: 
as, tlie liniilril gentry; a landed proprietor. 
A landless knight makes thee a landed squire. 
Shale., K. John, i. 1. 177. 
2. Consisting in real estate or land : as, landed 
security. 
The great mass of property in Europe at the present day, 
even in England, is landed property. 
Everett, Orations, II. -its. 
Landed Estates Court. See aunt. Landed interest, 
(a) Interest in or possession of land or reid estate. (6) The 
interest or combined influence of the great body of land- 
owners in a state or nation. 
Landen's transformation. See /raiixformatimi. 
lander (lan'der), n. 1. One who lauds or makes 
a lauding. 
3U43 
As the sweet voice of a bird, 
Heard by the lander in a lonely isle. 
Tennyson, (leraint. 
2. One who lands or sets on laud ; especially, 
in mining, a man who stands at the mouth of a 
shaft or other landing-place, in order to receive 
the kibble when it comes up, and to see t h.-i t it - 
contents are properly disposed of. Also called, 
in England, banksman. 
landerert. n. An old form of launderer. 
landern ( lan'deni), . [Cf. P. landier, andiron : 
see andiron.] A grate. Hallitrell. [North. Eng.] 
land-evilt (land'e'vl), n. [ME. londiril, litiiilu- 
vel; < land 1 + evil'-.'] The falling-sickness; 
epilepsy, llalliwell. 
landfall (land'fal), n. 1. A land-slide or land- 
slip. 2. Naut., an approach or a coming to 
land, in the course or at the end of a sea-voy- 
age ; also, land so approached or reached. 
One of the Islands was the first landfall of Columbus. 
Fortnightly Rcv.,y. 8., XXXIX. 174. 
Along the eastern verge of the Bahamas . . . Columbus 
made his land/alt. Science, 111. 739. 
Porto Santo being visible on the port bow, . . . our three 
navigators congratulated themselves and each other on the 
good land-Jail they had made. 
Lady Brattey, Voyage of Sunbeam, I. II. 
landfangt,. [< fandi +/an^.] Holding-ground 
for an anchor; anchor-grip. 
We had Indifferent good landfang. 
Hakluyt'i Voyage*, t. 277. 
Where a ship may ride ... in 4. fadome, or 4. fadomc 
and a halfe of water, and haue Landfange for a North and 
by West wlnde. UaUuyt't Vmjaget, I. 291. 
landfeathert, . A bay or inlet of the sea. 
Davies. 
The south baye or land/ether of the great sluce. 
Ditcowrse of Dover Uaven, temp. Elizabeths (Arch., 
[XI. 236). 
land-floe (land'flo), n. A field of land-ice. 
If there Is a land-floe across, I. e. if the land-ice of the west 
side is continuous across the entrance of Ponds Bay and 
Lancaster Sound, whales will be seen in considerable num- 
bers. Encyc. Brit., XXIV. 527. 
land-flood (land'flud), . An overflowing of 
land by water, especially by inland waters, as 
rivers and the like; an inundation. 
Down from the neighbouring bills those plenteous springs 
that fall, 
Nor I'ni'l jl'Hjdi after rain, her never move at all. 
Drayton, Polyolbkra, It 136. 
land-gabelt, . [ME. landgavel, < AS. landga- 
fol, rent for land, < land, land, + gaful, tax, 
rent : see gabel.'] A tax or rent derived from 
land, according to Doomsday Book. 
landgah (land y ga), n. [E. Ind.] The jackal- 
like wolf of India, Canis pallipes. 
land-grabber (land'grab'er), n. 1. One who 
grabs or seizes land ; one who gets possession 
of another's land by trick or device, or by 
force ; especially, one who possesses himself of 
public land by means contrary to the spirit of 
the law; one who seizes large tracts of land 
rapaciously and unfairly. 2. Specifically, in 
Ireland, one who buys or rents land from which 
another has been evicted. 
Right or wrong, the attitude of the League to the land- 
oraboer is that which, in the old days of regrating, the 
English public would have assumed towards one who, 
while the whole community was trying to bring down the 
price of corn, went and purchased at the rate which by 
universal consent had been ruled to be excessive. 
Contemporary Km., LI. 238. 
land-grabbing (land'grab'ing), n. The act or 
practice of seizing or occupying land by un- 
lawful or dishonorable means. 
landgrave (land'grav), n. [= D. landgraaf = 
Dan. landgreve = MliG. landgrave = MHG. 
lantgrdre, G. landgraf; as land 1 + (/rare 8 .] 
In Germany, in the middle ages, a graf or 
count to whom were intrusted special judicial 
functions, extending over a considerable terri- 
tory ; later, the title of certain German princes, 
some of whom were princes of the empire. 
The branches of the non-regnant families ol Hesse pos- 
sess the title of landgrave, which Is borne by the head of 
each branch. 
This was the origin of the landgrave* of Thuringia, of 
Lower and Higher Alsace, the only three who were princes 
of the empire. Brandt and Cox. 
landgrayiate (land-gra'vi-at), n. [< landgrarc 
+ -i'-<jfc 3 .] The territory held by a landgrave, 
or his office, jurisdiction, or authority. 
landgravine (land'gra-ven), n. [= D. lanil- 
i/nn-in (= Dan. landgrei-inde = G. landgra'Jinn), 
fern, of landgraaf, landgrave.] The wife of a 
landgrave ; a lady of the rank of a landgrave. 
landholder (land'hol'der), . A holder, owner, 
or proprietor of land. 
land-hunger (land' hung 'ger), n. Greed for 
the acquisition of land or territory. 
landlady 
The land hunger of the South now outstripped even the 
ambition of conquest of Mr. Polk. 
J. X. Ludlow, Hlrt. U. 8., rL 
land-hungry (land'hung'gri), a. Greedy for 
the acquisition of land or territory. 
When the land-hungry band of Welsh and Norman bar- 
ons entered Ireland, they found a shrine of St. Briglt at 
Kililare with a tire kept constantly burning. 
The Century, XXXVII. 360. 
land-ice (land'w), . A field or floe of ice 
stretching along the coast and holding fast to 
it, or included between headlands. Also called 
t'nxt ire. Kane. 
landing (lan'ding), n. [< ME. "landing, lond- 
yng, < AS. lending, In inlini/ (= I), landing = G. 
Inniliiiiii = It-el. li-nilimj= Dan. landing; ct. Sw. 
landning), verbal n. of Icndan, land: see land, 
e.] 1. The act of going or setting on land, es- 
pecially from a vessel. 
The daye of our londynge there was Thursday, that was 
the .xxvlj. daye of Augnste. 
Sir R. Ouyl/ordr, Pylgrymage, p. 16. 
2. A place on the shore of the sea or of a lake, 
or on the bank of a river, where persons land 
or come on shore, or where goods are set on 
shore. 
Defend all landing*, bar all passages. 
SUM, Civil Wan, vll. 
3. In arrli., the part of a floor adjoining the end 
of a flight of stairs; also, a resting-place or 
platform interrupting a series or flight of steps. 
A great, wide, rambling staircase three stairs and a 
landiwj four stairs and another landing. 
Dictcnt, Sketches, Great Winglebury Duel. 
4. A platform at a railway-station. 5. In milt- 
ing, any place, at the mouth of a shaft or else- 
where, arranged for the reception or emptying 
of the kibbles or cages or other receptacles 
used for hoisting ore or coal. Frequently called 
the Imiil: in England, especially at coal-mines. 
6. The platform of a furnace at the charg- 
ing-height. E. H. Knight. 7. In boat-build- 
ing, same as land 1 , 1 (d). 8. In fort., the hori- 
zontal space at the entrance of a gallery or re- 
turn. 9. In lumbering, & place where logs are 
stored till spring Landing-charges or innding. 
rates, charges or fees paid on goods lanued from a vessel. 
landing-bar (lan'ding-bar), w. See 6arl. 
landing-gaff (lan'ding-gaf), n. A barbed fish- 
ing-spear, or a gaff used for landing large fish 
which have been hooked. 
landing-net (Ian 'ding-net), n. A kind of scoop- 
net used to bring to land or to hand a fish which 
has been caught. A landing-net to be used in a boat 
or on shore has a two-jointed handle ; and for use In wad- 
Ing it has a short handle attached to an elastic cord and 
suspended from the shoulder. 
landing-place (lan'ding-plas), ii. A place for 
landing, as from a vessel, or for alighting, as 
from flight, or for resting, as from mounting a 
stair or other ascent. 
Noah first of all (for scout) 
Sends forth the Crowe, who flutters neer-aboot, 
And, finding yet no landing-place at all, 
Returns a-boord to his great Admiral]. 
Sylwtter, tr. of Du Bartas's Weeks, U., The Ark. 
Upon the last and sharpest height . . . 
Some landing-place, to clasp and say, 
"Farewell I Tenni/mn. In Memoriam, xlril. 
landing-stage (lan'ding-staj), n. A stage or 
platform in connection with a railroad or a fer- 
ry (frequently so constructed as to rise and fall 
with the tide), for the convenience of landing 
or shipping passengers and goods transported 
by water. 
landing-strake (lan'ding-strak), n. In lm,it- 
building, the next plank below the upper strake. 
landing-surveyor (lan'ding-ser-va'or), n. An 
officer of the British customs who appoints and 
superintends the coast-waiters. 
landing-waiter (lan'ding-wa'ter), n. Same as 
coast-icaittr. 
landisht, - [ME. tondwen, londisse; < 
Native. 
I fond o schnp rowe 
'I'll- 1 hit gan to flowe, 
Al with Saraiines kyn. 
And none londiae Men. 
King Horn (E. E. T. S.X 1. 6S4. 
land-jobber (land'job'er), n. One who makes 
a business of buying and selling land, whether 
on his own account or for others ; a land-spec- 
ulator ; a real-estate broker. 
land-jobbing (land'job'ing), n. The practice 
of buying and selling land for the purpose of 
speculation. 
landlady (land'la'di), ii. ; pi. landladies (-diz). 
[< land" + Imli/. Cf. friiirf/ord.] 1. A woman 
who owns houses or lands occupied by tenants. 
2. The wife of a squire or proprietor. 
