leucophlegmatic 
see lencophlegmacy,] Of, pertaining to, or af- 
fected with leucophlegmacy. 
leucqphyl, leucophyll (lu'ko-fil), . [< Gr. 
/Uwcdf, white, + <t>i<'A.'/.ov, leaf.] A chromogen be- 
lieved to exist in the white corpuscles of an 
etiolated plant, which, under appropriate con- 
ditions, will give rise to chlorophyl. SaeJis. 
Leucophylleae (lu-ko-fil'e-e), . pi. [NL. (Ben- 
tham and Hooker, 1876), < Leucophyllum + 
-ece.] A tribe of scrophulariaceous plants, typi- 
fied by the genus Leucophyllum, and embracing 
also the genera Heteranthia and Ghiesbref/lttin. 
They are herbs and shrubs of Texas, Mexico, and Brazil, 
with alternate leaves and bell-shaped corollas with the tube 
short. 
Leucophyllum (lu-ko-fil'um), n. [NL. (Hum- 
boldt and Bonplaud, 1809), < Gr. Aewcdf , white, + 
$v%/j>v, leaf.] A genus of plants of the family 
Scrophulariiiew, type of the Leucophylle(e. 
leucoplacia (lu-ko-pla'si-a), n. [NL., < Gr. /Uu- 
xdf , white, + Tr/lof , anything flat and broad.] In 
pathol.,the occurrence of chronic white patches 
on the tongue and buccal mucous membrane. 
There is inflammation of the corium, with hypertrophy and 
perversion of growth of the epithelium. Also called ich- 
thyosis linyuce, tylosis linguae, and psoriasis linguae. 
leucoplast, leucoplastid (lu'ko-plast, lu-ko- 
plas'tid), u. [< Gr. AevKof, white, + Tr/.aordf, ver- 
bal adj. of iTAaaaeiv, form.] Same as amyloplast. 
lencopterous (lu-kop'te-rus), a. [< Gr. '/mwcdf, 
white, + TtTcpov, a wing, = ^.feather.] Having 
white wings. Thomas, Med. Diet. 
leucopyrite (lu-ko-pi'rit), n. [< Gr. /Uwdf, 
white, + E. pyrites'.] A mineral (Fe 3 ASi) of a 
color between white and steel-gray and of a me- 
tallic luster, consisting chiefly of arsenic and 
iron. It is related to loellingite (FeAs2/ and 
arsenopyrite (FeAsS or FeAs 2 .FeS 2 ). 
Lencorhamphus (lu-ko-ram'fus), . [< Gr. 
/iewcdf, white, + pa/afros, beak, bill.] A genus 
of toothed cetaceans, of the family Delphinidai, 
having no dorsal fin. These dolphins have hence 
been called Delphinapterus , but that name belongs to an- 
other genus. There are two species : L.peroni of the west- 
ern coast of South America, black above and white below, 
with 44 teeth on each side of each jaw ; and L. borealis of 
the same coast of North America, called the riyht-whale 
dolphin. See Delphinaptents, Delphinus. 
leucorrhea, leucprrheea (lu-ko-re'a), . [NL. 
leucorrhtsa, < Gr. MvK&f, white, + pol'a, a flowing, 
< peiv, flow.] In pathol., a mucous or mucopuru- 
lent discharge of a white color from the vagina; 
fluor albus ; the whites. Also called blcimelylriti 
and colporrhea. 
leucorrheal. leucorrhoeal (lu-ko-re'al), . [< 
leucorrhea + -al.] Pertaining to or of the na- 
ture of leucorrhea : as, leucorrheal discharges. 
leucoscope (lu'ko-skop), n. [< Gr. /Uwcdf, white, 
+ ono-rreiv, view.] An optical instrument for 
testing the eyes for color-blindness, devised by 
Helmholtz. 
Leucosia (lu-ko'si-a), n. [NL., < Gr. tevnucis, 
whiteness: see leucosis.] I. The typical genus 
of Leucosiidie. Fabricitis, 1798. 2. A genus of 
mollusks. 3. A genus of bombycid moths of 
the family Liparidw, based upon the European 
L. salicis. Sambur, 1869. 
leucosian (lu-ko'si-an), n. and a. [< Leucosia 
+ -an.] I. . A crab of the family Leucoifiidw. 
II. a. Resembling or related to crabs of the 
genus Leucosia; pertaining to the Leucosiida:. 
Leucosiidae (lu-ko-si'i-de), u. pi. [NL., < Leu- 
cosia + -id(B.] A family of brachyurous deca- 
pod crustaceans, typified by the genus Leu- 
cosia, containing a number of genera of small 
crabs of compact rounded form and more or 
less porcellaneous test. Also Leucosiadce. 
leucosis(lu-ko'sis),. [NL.,<Gr. Mucumf, white- 
ness, < AevKovv, whiten, < ffVK.6^, white : see leu- 
cous.] 1. Whiteness of skin ; pallor. 2. The 
formation or progress of leucoma. 
leUCOSpermous (lu-ko-sper'mus), a. [< Gr. 
ACVKOC, white, + a-xipfia, seed.] Having white 
fruit or seeds. 
Leucospori (lu-kos'po-ri), n.pl. [NL., < Gr. /- 
/cof, white, + o-ffopof, seed.] A series of fungi in 
the large genus Agaricus, distinguished by their 
white spores. 
Leucosticte (lu-ko-stik'te), n. [NL. (Swain- 
son, 1831 ),< Gr. /Uwcof, white, + ori/crdf, pricked, 
punctured, spotted, < ari&iv, prick, puncture: 
3424 
leucostine (lu-kos'tin), n. [< Gr. ACVKOS, white, 
+ oai-(fw), bone (?), + -e 2 .] A variety of tra- 
chyte. 
Leucothoe (lii-koth'o-e), . [NL. (D. Don, 1834), 
< L. Leucothoe, < Gr.' * \evnottoii, daughter of Or- 
chamus, King of Babylon, and Eurynome.] A 
genus of ericaceous plants of the tribe Andro- 
medete. The imbricated calyx does not become berry- 
like in the fruit, and the seeds are winged. There are 
about 9 species, shrubs with petioled, serrulate leaves and 
axillary or terminal spiked racemes of white waxy flowers 
gracefully arranged along the under side of the branches, 
natives of North America, Japan, and the Himalayas. 
Some of the species are ornamental, and known in gar- 
dens. L. acuminata of the South Carolina and Florida 
coast is called pipewood. According to Schimper, :iO fos- 
sil species of Leucothoe occur in the Tertiary deposits of 
Europe, one in the Miocene of Alaska, and one in the Da- 
kota group (Middle Cretaceous) of Nebraska. 
leUGOUS (lu'kus), a. [< Gr. /U-dc, light, bright, 
white, akin to L. lucere, be light, and to E. 
light 1 , q. v.] Light-colored; white; affected 
with leucism ; albinotic : applied specifically to 
albinos. 
leucoxene (lu'kok-sen), . [< Gr. favnof, white, 
+ l-ivof, a guest.] An opaque white substance 
often observed in thin sections of rocks, de- 
rived from the alteration of titanic iron. It is, 
sometimes at least, identical with titanite in 
composition. 
leudt, leudet, Middle English forms of lewd. 
leugh (lynch or lyoeh). A dialectal (Scotch) 
preterit of laugh. 
leuket, a. An obsolete spelling of lukc 1 . 
leukoderma, leukodermia, . See leucodermia. 
leunt, n. A Middle English form of lion. 
leusek v. An obsolete irregular spelling of 
loose. Elyot. 
leutet, leilteet, Middle English forms of 
lealty. 
leuzernt, A variant of lucernV. 
Lev. An abbreviation of Leviticus. 
levant 1 (lev'ant), a. and n. [< OF. levant, F. 
levant, a., rising, < L. levan(t-)s, ppr. of le- 
vare, raise, refl. se levare, rise, < levis, light, not 
heavy (whence also ult. E. lever 1 , levity, lecee 1 , 
levee*, levy 1 , levy?, alleviate, alleye 2 , elevate, rel- 
evant, relieve, relief, etc.), akin to E. liglifi, q. v. 
Hence leca/ifi, levant 3 .] I. a. If. Rising. Min- 
slieii, 1617; Phillips, 1706. 2f. Eastern; coming 
from the direction in which the sun rises. 
Forth rush the Levant and the Ponent winds, 
Eurus and Zephyr. Milton, P. L., x. 704. 
3. [cap.] In geol., appellative of the fourth of 
Professor H. Rogers's fifteen divisions of the 
Paleozoic strata in the Appalachian chain, the 
names of which suggest metaphorically the dif- 
ferent natural periods of the day. It is the equiva- 
lent of the lower part of the Upper Silurian, and represents 
the Oneida conglomerate and Medina sandstone of the 
New York Survey. See Medina sandstone, under sand- 
stone. Levant and couchaut, in lain. See couchant. 
II. n. Same as lavant. [Local, Eng.] 
levant 2 (le-vanf), n. and a. [= D. levant 
= G. levante = Dan. Sw. levant, < F levant 
= Sp. Pg. It. levante, < ML. levan(t-)s, the 
sunrise, the east, the orient, prop, adj., ris- 
ing, applied to the sun: see levant 1 .] I. n. 1. 
[cap.] The region east of Italy lying on and 
near the Mediterranean, sometimes reckoned 
as extending east to the Euphrates and as 
taking in the Nile valley, thus including Greece 
and Egypt; more specifically, the coast-region 
and islands of Asia Minor and Syria: a name 
originally given by the Italians. 2. An east- 
erly wind blowing up the Mediterranean ; a le- 
vanter. 
The Maestrale, the Bora, the Gregala, and the Levante, 
are polar currents [of wind] the first about north-west, the 
second north, and the other two with more or less easting. 
Fitz Hoy, Weather Book, p. 141. 
3. Same as levant morocco cioth of Levantt, a 
cosmetic used by ladies in the sixteenth century. Nares. 
To make a kind of ... cloth of Levant, wherewith wo- 
men do use to colour their face. Secretes of Alexi*. 
II. a. Of or pertaining to or obtained from 
the Levant Levant fever. See/everi. Levant mo- 
rocco, in bookbinding, morocco of superior quality, having 
a large and prominent grain. It was originally made in 
the Levant, from the skins of Angora goats. 
levant 3 (le-vauf), v. [< Sp. levantar, raise, 
move, remove (levantar la casa, break up house, 
levantar el campo, break up camp), < levar, lie- 
mandible, and the plumage more or less rosy 
or silvery-gray. There are several species, chiefly of 
western North America, known as rosy finches. The best- 
known is L. tephncotis, which is of a rich chocolate-brown 
color, much of the plumage skirted with a rosy tint, the 
ears silvery-gray, and the cap black. Its length is about 
OJ inches. 
When he found she'd levanted, the Count of Alsace 
At first turned remarkably red in the face. 
Barham, Ingoldsby Legends, I. 244. 
Il.t trans. Used only in the imperative, in the 
exclamatory phrase levant me, a mild impreca- 
tion much like blow me! [Low.] 
levator 
Levant me, but he got enough last night to purchase a 
principality amongst his countrymen. Foote, The Minor, i. 
Ievant 3 t (le-vanf), . [< levants, t ,.] A bet 
made by one who expects to evade paying if 
he loses TO throw or run a levantt.to bet without 
intention to pay. [Slang, j 
Crowd to the hazard table, throw a familiar levant upon 
some sharp lurching man of quality, and, if he demands 
his money, turn it oil with a loud laugh. 
Ciliber, Provoked Husband, i. (Domes.) 
levanter 1 (le-van'ter), i. [< ievanft, n., + -er 2 .] 
An easterly wind blowing up the Mediterranean 
from the direction of the Levant. 
Let them not break prison to burst like a levanter, to 
sweep the earth with their hurricane. 
Burke, Rev. in France. 
levanter 2 (le-van'ter), n. [< levant 3 , v., + -er 1 .] 
1. One who levants; one who runs away dis- 
gracefully. Specifically 2. One who bets at 
a horse-race, and runs away without paying 
the wager lost. [Slang in both senses.] 
levantine (lev'an-tin or le-van'tin), a. and ;/. 
[= F. levantin (= Pg. Sp. It. levantino), pertain- 
ing to the Levant (fern, levantine, a silk cloth), 
< levant, the Levant: see lei-ant 2 , n.] I. . If. 
Eastern ; Oriental. 
They [the seeds of Platanus] should be gathered late in 
Autumn, and brought us from some more levantine parts 
than Italy. Evelyn, Sylva, xxii. 
2. [cap.] Of or pertaining to the Levant. 3. 
Designating a particular kind of silk cloth. 
See II., 3. 
II. n. 1. [cui>.] A native or an inhabitant of 
the Levant. 2. [cap.] A vessel belonging to 
the Levant. 3. A rich and stout silk material, 
characterized by having two faces of different 
colors or shades. Diet, of Needlework. 
levari facias (le-va'ii fa'shi-as). [L. (NL.), 
cause to be levied : levari, pass, of levare, raise 
(see levy^-); facias, 2d pers. sing. pres. subj. 
(with impv. force) of facere, do, cause : see 
fact.] In law, a writ of execution issued to 
the sheriff, commanding him to levy the amount 
of a judgment out of the goods, etc., of the 
debtor. 
levationt (le-va'shon), . [= OF. legation = 
It. levazione, < L. levatio(n-), a raising, < levare, 
pp. levatus, raise: see levant^.] The act of 
raising; elevation; especially, the elevation of 
the Host, 
Kneling. knocking on hrestes, and holding vp of hancles 
at the sight of the levacion. Sir T. More, Works, p. 890. 
By his gesture he will behave himself in such sort as 
rather shall make men the less to regard the mass, for he 
will not look up at the legation time, hold up his hands, 
nor strike his hands on his face. 
J. Bradford, Works (Parker Soc., 1863X II. 302. 
levator (le-va'tor), n.; pi. levatores (lev-a-to'- 
rez). [L.,alifter,< levare, raise: see levant*. Cf. 
lever 1 , ult. < L. levator.] 1. In anat., that which 
raises or elevates, as various muscles of the hu- 
man body : opposed to depressor. 2. A surgi- 
cal instrument used to raise a depressed part of 
the skull Levator anguli oris, the lifter of the angle 
of the mouth. Also called canine muscle. Levator an- 
guli scapulae, the lifter of the angle of the scapula : in 
man, a distinct muscle arising from the cervical region of 
the spine and inserted into the scapula; in some animals, 
a part of the serratus magnus, as in the opossum. Leva- 
tor ani, the lifter of the anus, a sheet of muscular tissue 
chiefly forming the floor of the pelvic cavity. Levator 
arcuum, in some of the lower vertebrates, as Slenobran- 
chus, one of the muscles suspending branchial arches to the 
parts above them. Levator claviculae, the lifter of the 
clavicle, a muscle of many animals, not normally found in 
man, extending from the occipital bone and attached to the 
metacromion of the scapula. Also called trachelo-acromia- 
lw. Levator coccygls, the lifter of thecoccyx.aconsider- 
able muscle having the office implied in the name, proceed- 
ing from the pelvis to the coccyx, and belonging to the gen- 
eral series of extensor muscles of the spine. It is well 
marked, for example, in birds. Levatores costarum, 
twelve muscles on each side of the spine. Each passes 
from the transverse process of a vertebra to the rib below. 
being inserted between the tubercle and the angle. They 
raise the ribs. Levator glandules thyroideas, a muscle 
which occasionally passes from the hyoid bone to the thy- 
roid gland. Levator humeri proprius, the proper el e- 
vator of the humerus, a muscle of some animals, as the dog, 
resulting from union of fibers of the deltoid and sterno- 
mastoid, when the latter coalesces with the trapezius. 
Levator labii inferioris, the elevator of the lower lip 
and chin, catlsing the lip to protrude, as in pouting. Also 
called lemtor menti. Levator labii superioris, the ele- 
vator of the upper lip, exposing the canine teeth, as in 
grinning. From its action in dogs, it is sometimes called the 
snarling-musde. Levator labii superioris alaeque 
nasi, the lifter of the upper lip and nostril, as in sneering ; 
the sneering-muscle. Levator menti. Same as (' ntm- 
labii inferioris. Levator palati, the lifter of the soft 
palate, bounding the posterior naris externally, arising 
from the apex of the petrous portion of the temporal 
bone, and inserted with its fellow into the median line of 
the palate. Levator palpebrae superioris, tlie lifter 
of the upper eyelid, antagonizing the orliicuhins palpe- 
brarum. Levator proprius alse nasi, the lifter of the 
nostril; the dilatator naris, anterior or posterior. Leva- 
tor prostatse, the lifter of the prostate gland, the anterior 
