liar's-bench 
liar's-bencht, A plaoo in St. Paul's Cathe- 
dral iu the sixteenth century, HO called because 
it was said that the disaffected made appoint- 
ments there. Nares. 
liartt. . and n. See UartP-. 
3431 
H. (run*. 1. To pour out, as wine or milk. 
2. To make a libation to; honor with a liba- 
tion. [Bare and incorrect.] 
A on of Israel has no gods whom he can libate. 
L. Wallace, lien-llur, p. 441. 
Ua&(\\'\M)~n. ' [< f~liaa,bV. lints, liois, a hnnl libation (li-ba'shon), n. [< F. Hbnlwii = Sp. 
freestone ; prob. < BrH . li<i,-l>, li-neh, a Htone,_== libacion = Pg. tiba^o = It. 
W. llech = Gael. leac, a stone (see cromlech).] 
In yeol., tho lower division of the Jurassic. 
libasionc, < L. liba- 
tio(n-), a drink-offering, < libare. pp. libatus, 
pour out : see libate.] 1. The act of pouring a 
Liassic (ii-us'ik), a. [< P. tiasstque; as Lias + 
-ic.] Belonging to the geological subdivision 
of the Jurassic called the Lias. 
Liatris (li'a-tris), n. [NL. (J. 0. D. Schreber, 
1774); origin unknown.] A genus of composite 
plants of the tribe Eupatoriaceas and subtribc 
Libellullna 
a general verdict upon the whole issue, without being re- 
qiiii '-,1 by the court to find a verdict of Knilty "ii proof of 
publication and of the sense ascribed In I he Informal ion . 
Libel Act, an English statute of 1843 (6 and 7 Viet, c. 96) 
which authorizes a defendant sued for libel to plead no 
malice, and that an apology was made. Compare Fox't 
Libel Act, above. = Syn. 4. See atperte, and lampoon. 
libel (li'bel), v.; pret. and pp. libeled or libelltxl. 
ppr. libeling or libelling. [= F. libeller = Sp. 
liticlar, draw up a legal demand, libel ; from the 
noun: see libel, n.] I. trans. 1. In admiralty 
law, Scots law, and Eng. eccles. law, to serve a 
libel upon; institute suit against; present a 
formal charge against for trial, as against a 
clergyman for conduct unbecoming his office, 
or against a ship or goods for a violation of the 
laws of trade or revenue. See libel, n., 2. 2. 
To defame or expose to public hatred or con- 
tempt by a malicious and injurious publication, 
as a writing, picture, or the like; lampoon. 
Thou shalt libel, and 111 cudgel the rascal. 
B. Jontm, Poetaater, IT. 4. 
But our work Is neither to libel our Auditors nor to flat- 
re . ter them, neither to represent them as better nor wins 
llbatory (Q'bA-tO-rl), a. [< L. as if 'ItbatonM u^ ^gy StOUngjUet, Sermons, II. 111. 
(cf. neut. libatoniim, a libation-vessel), < libare, =6 ^ ^ame, Calumniate, etc. See atpene. 
pp. liiiatiis, pourout: seeltbant, libation.] Ofor JJ^ intrans. To spread defamation, written 
pertaining to libation. or printed : with against. 
hbavius (fi-ba-vi-us), n. [Named after the dis- what . B bQt jarfK < - at U)e .,., 
coverer, A. Ltbamus, a German chemist (died Aajt _ n t . An d, ; I T . 4. 17 . 
1616).] Tin chlorid, 8nCl 4 , a colorless volatile Ubelant. . See libellant. 
and fuming corrosive liquid, used in dyeing as libeler, libeller (li'bel-er), n. [< libel, v., + 
a mordant. -eri.] One who libels ; a lampooner, 
libbardt, . An obsolete variant of leopard. nm u not , n the world a ^^ errour than that 
libbet, v. An obsolete form of live 1 . which fools are apt to fall Into, and knaves with good rea- 
libbet (lib'et), n. [Formerly also lybbet; per- son to encourage, the mistaking a satirist for a libeller. 
haps < K61, in the sense 'lop,' orig. 'a piece P<**, Im't. of Horace, Advertisement. 
lopped off.'] 1. A billet; a stick. [Prov. Eng.] libelist, libeUist (li'bel-ist), n. [<F.libellistr, 
A beesome of byrche, for babes verye flt, a libehst, < libelle, a libel: see lifee/, n.] A li- 
or of a deity; a drink-offering. 
The goblet then she took, with nectar crown'd, 
Sprinkling the first libatiotu on the ground. 
Dryden, .neld, L 1031. 
May every Joy be yours ! nor this the least, 
When due liitativn shall have crown'd the (cut, 
Safe to my home to send your happy guest. 
Pope, Odyssey, xUi. 
ppr. lib- 
ing. [< D. lubben, MD. luppen, maim, geld: see 
opi. Cf. glib^.] To castrate. [Prov. Eng. and 
L ia tr is fra i* in ifolia . 
i, Inflorescence ; a, lower part of plant with the corm-Uke rootstock ; 
a. anthodium ; 0, flower; c, corolla laid open ; J, bristle of the pap- 
pus; f, scale of the involucre. 
Adenostylea!; the button-snakeroots. They are 
perennial'herbs, growing from large subterranean globose 
conns, with racemose or splcate heads of handsome rose- 
purple flowers. 
lib/ (lib),_. t.\ pret^and pp. libbed, pj 
bin 
lop'i 
Scotch.] 
To capon, to geld, to lib, to splale. Flario. 
lib 2 (lib), n. [A dial. var. of leap*.] A basket. 
Halliwell. [Prov. Eng.] 
lib. An abbreviation of liber 1 , 2. 
libamentt (lib'a-ment), n. [< L. libamentum (cf. 
equiv. libttmen}', a 'drink-offering, < libare, pour 
out : see libate.] Same as libation. 
This discourse being thus finished, we performed our 
oblations ami libamentt to the muses. 
llMand, tr. of Plutarch, p. 652. 
libanomancy (lib'a-no-man-si), n. [< Gr. X/'- 
ftavos (L. libanus), tlie frankincense-tree, + pav- 
rcia, divination.] TW.T., .*!/. x,, th* K,,ir,,r 
of frankincense. 
libanotophorous (lib'a-no-tof'o-rus), a 
/u/3awjro0o/K>f, bearing frankincense, < 
rdf, frankincense (see libanotus), + <t>fpeiv = E. 
li<-i<ri.] Bearing or producing frankincense. 
The Kbanotophvrmu region of the ancients. 
Kncyc. Brit., IX. 710. 
A longe lastlnge lybbet for loubbers as meete. 
llimnan, Caveat for Common Cursltors (1667). (Nartt.) 
A little staffe or libbet, bacillus. 
Withalt, Diet. (ed. 1608), p. 317. (Saret.) 
2. pi. Bags in strips. Hallitcell. [Prov. Eng.] 
libecciot (li-bech'6), n. [< It. libeccio, < L. Libs, 
<Gr.Ai'V, the southwest wind: eeeLibyan.] The 
southwest wind. 
Forth rush the Levant and the Ponent winds, 
Eurus and Zephyr, with their lateral noise genus of dragon-flies. 
Sirocco and Libeechto. Milton, P. L., x. 706. i 
libel (li'bel), . K ME. libel, < OF. libel, libeau, 
libele, libelle, F. libelle, f., = Sp. libelo = Pg. 
It.KfteMo.'m., < L. 6eMt,m.,'a little book, pam- 
phlet, note, petition, letter, lampoon, libel, dim. 
of liber, a book : see lifterl.] If. A writing of 
any kind ; a written declaration or certificate. 
May I nat axe a libel. Sire Somononr, 
And answere there by my procuratour 
To swiche thyng as men wole apposen me? 
Imp. Diet. 
li-bel'a), .; pi. Kftelte (-e). [L., level, 
water-level, dim. of (iftro, a balance : see lifrra. 
Hence ult. (< L. lifteHa) E. lerefl, q. v.] 1. A 
small balance. 2. An instrument for taking 
levels; a level. 3. [cap.] A southern constel- 
lation which Lacaille, after 1754, proposed to 
substitute for Triangulum Australe,which dates 
from the fifteenth century. 4. [cap.] [NL.] A 
genus of dragon-flies. Selys-Longchamps, 1840. 
libellant (li'bel-ant), ti. [< F. libellant, ppr. 
of libeller, draw iip a legal demand, libel: see 
libel, v.] One who brings a libel or institutes 
a suit in a court, especially in an ecclesiastical 
or an admiralty court. Also Ubelant. 
The counsel for the libellant contended they had a right 
to read the Instructions. Crone*. 
libeller, libellist. See libeler, libelist. 
libellous, libellously. See libelous, libelotisly. 
Chaucer, Friar's Tale, 1. 297. Libellula (li-bel'u-ia), w. [NL.; so called be- 
And it hath ben seid, whosoevere leveth his wyf, give he 
to hlr a libel of forsaking [authorized version, "writing of 
divorcement"). Wyd\f, Mat. T. 31. 
2. In admiralty law, Scots laic, and Eng. eccles. 
late, a writing or document instituting a suit 
and containing the plaintiff's allegations. 3. 
A lampoon. 
Plots have I laid, Inductions dangerous, 
By drunken prophecies, lilirl*, and dreams, 
To set my brother Clarence and the king 
In deadly hate the one against the other. 
Shot., Rich. III., 1. 1. S3. 
More solid things do not show the Complexion of the 
times HO well as hallads and Libelt. 
Selilen, Table-Talk, p. 68. 
cause they hold their wings extended like the 
leaves of a book; < L. libellulus, a very little 
book, dim. of libellus, a little book: see libel, .] 
1. ALinnean genus of pseudoneuropterous in- 
sects with mandibulate mouth and anal for- 
ceps, (a) A genus coextensive with Libellvlina, Libellu- 
lidos, or the modern sulwrder Odtmata of the order Pfeu- 
doneuroptera. (6) A genus containing forms considered 
typical of the modern restricted family Libellvlidv. The 
abdomen is comparatively short, flattened, and tapering, 
and the male claspen are reduced. See cut under dray- 
m-Jty. 
2. [/. c.] Any dragon-fly or libellulid. 
libellulid (li-bel'u-lid), . A member of the 
family Libellulidce. 
Divination by the burning 4 A defamatory ^^ made pubUe; a ma . LibelTtllidSB (li-be-lu'li-de), . pi [NL., < /.- 
r/(i- Hcious and injurious publication, expressed bellula + -ida:] A family of psendoneuropter- 
in printing or writing, or by signs or pictures, ous insects of the group Libellnlina or Oaona- 
tending either to injure the memory of one dead ta ; the dragon-flies, devil's-darning-needles, or 
^^^ * 1: j* 1.:_ mog q u ito-hawks. (ajroextrnsivc with /.tVUu/ina, and 
divided Into three groups, Ayrvmina, Libellvlina, and 
Jbchnina. Also Libellulula. LibellulMrs. LibeUtiloidet. 
(6) Restricted to forms typified by the genus LiMltila In 
a narrow sense, having the wings unequal, the triangles of 
the anterior wings dissimilar, and the anterior genital ar- 
mature of the male free. 
(li-bel-u-li'na), n. pi [NL., < Li- 
+ -ina.] A 'group of psendoneuropter- 
ous insects ; the dragon-flies, (a) A saperfamlly, 
same as Odmata, or as Libettulidcr In a broad sense, char- 
acterized by the long and more or less slender and cylln- 
dric abdomen ending in an anal armature, an enormous 
head and thorax, the former globular with immense eyes, 
the latter square with ita tergal parts small and Its flank 
pieces enlarged and rising up in front to take the place of 
the aborted prothonuc. The antenna; are short and set!- 
form, and the month is not provided with palps. The 
wings are large, long, and approximately equal in size and 
shape. The tarsi are trlmerous. and the second abdomi- 
nal segment of the male is furnished with acceasorygenl- 
talia. Metamorphosis is incomplete; the UU-VK are active, 
aquatic, and voracious ; and the pupa resembles the larva. 
The Libellvlina are composed of three families, named 
LibeUuKda, Agrionida, and JExknUa. () A snbfarnily, 
same as LiMluliiitr In a narrow sense, or u , 
See cat un * 
libanotust (lib-a-no'tus), . [< Or. , 
frankincense, <'/ti/Jaiwc, the frankincense-tree.] 
Frankincense. 
In that greater [altar] the Chaldasans burnt yeerly in 
their sacrifices a hundred thousand talents of Libanotut. 
Punhat, Pilgrimage, p. 66. 
libant (li'bant), a. [< L. liban(t-)ft, ppr. of li- 
bare, take out a little taste: see libate.] Sip- 
ping; touching lightly. [Rare.] 
She touched his eyelashes with libant lip, 
And breathed ambrosial odours o'er hU cheek. 
Landor 
libate (li'bat), r.; pret. and pp. libatcd, ppr. li- 
batiny. [< L. libtitiis, pp. of libare (> It. libiirr 
= Pg. Sp. libar), take out a little taste, sip, 
pour out, = Or. /.riiciv, pour out, make a liba- 
tion of (wine or other liquor) in honor of a di- 
vinity.] I. i litmus. To make a libation, as by 
pouring out wine. 
216 
or the reputation of one alive, and to expose him 
to public hatred, contempt, or ridicule. 
We have In a libel 1st. the writing ; id. the communi- 
cation, called by the lawyers the publication ; 3d. the ap- 
Sllcatlon to persons and facts ; 4th. the intent and ten- 
ency ; 5th. the matter diminution of fame. 
Burke, Powers of Juries in Prosecutions for Libels. 
Libel Is defamation published by means of writing, 
printing, pictures, images, or anything that Is the object 
of the sense of sight Cooley. 
5. The crime of publishing a libel: as, he was 
guilty of liftel. 6. In general, defamation; a 
defamatory remark or act; malicious misrep- 
resentation in conversation or otherwise ; any- 
thing intended or which tends to bring a per- 
son or thing into disrepute. 
Dost not know that old Mansfield, who writes like the 
Bible, 
Says the more 'tis a truth, Sir, the more tls a libel t 
Burnt, The Reproof. 
His conversation is a perpetual libel on all his acquain- 
tance. Sheridan, School for Scandal, i. 1. 
Fox's Libel Act, an English statute of 1792 (S2 Oeo. III. . c. 
60) empowering a jury on the trial of a criminal libel toglve 
