lister 
lister and drill have been combined in one implement, and 
listing and drill-planting are simultaneously performed 
by this device. Lister-cultivator, a cultivator specially 
designed for operation between the rows of listed corn. 
lister'- 3 (lis'ter), H. [< UstS, v., + -ct-l.] One who 
makes a list or roll ; specifically, in some parts 
of the United States, an appraiser for the pur- 
pose of taxation ; an officer whose duty it is to 
make lists of taxable property. 
Iister 3 t (lis'ter), . [ME. lister, listre, listyr, < 
OF. listre, for litre, < L. lector, a reader, < le- 
t>ere(> f. lire), read: see lector.'} 1. A reader. 
2. A preaching friar; a lector. 
lister 4 , . See leister. 
Listera (lis'te-ra), n. [NL. (R. Brown, 1813), 
named after Martin Lister, an English physician 
and naturalist.] A genus of small terrestrial 
orchidaceous plants of the tribe Neottiea, char- 
acterized by distinct spreading sepals and pet- 
als, an entire or two-lobed lip longer than the 
sepals, and a very short column. The stem is sim- 
ple and erect, and bears two sub-opposite leaves. There 
are about 10 species, growing in Europe, temperate Asia, 
and North America. See twayblade. 
Listerian (lis-te'ri-an), a. [< Lister (see Lister- 
ism) + -jaw.] Of or pertaining to Sir Joseph 
Lister; specifically, pertaining to a method of 
antiseptic surgery introduced by him. See Lis- 
ter ism. 
Our Listerian Dressings were the first in the market, 
and were prepared under the guidance of Professor Sir 
Joseph Lister. Lancet, No. 3410, p. 15 of adv'ts. 
Listerise, v. t. See Listerize, 
Listerism (lis'ter-izm), n. [< Lister (see def.) 
+ -ism.'] An antiseptic method of operating in- 
troduced by Sir Joseph Lister, an English sur- 
geon (born 1827). It was designed to effect the total 
exclusion of living germs from surgical wounds. A spray 
of carbolic solution was brought to play over the part 
under operation, that the germicidal effect might result 
not only on the surface of the tissues, but also in the sur- 
rounding air. After the operation the part was closely 
enveloped in dressings impregnated with carbolic acid 
or other germicide, which were disturbed as little as pos- 
sible during recovery. Some of the features of the early 
forms of Lister's method have fallen into disuse, but the 
recognition of the importance of the exclusion of living 
germs from surgical wounds, of the danger of the introduc- 
tion of germs from ah-, instruments, appliances of all kinds, 
and the hands of those operating, and of the value in this 
regard not only of cleanliness but of germicidal drugs, seems 
to be a permanent acquisition of the surgical art. 
Listerize (lis'ter-iz), v. t. ; pret. and pp. Lister- 
i:ed, ppr. Listening . [< Lister (see Listerism) 
+ -ize.] To treat by Sir Joseph Lister's an- 
tiseptic method. See Listerism. Also spelled 
Listerise. 
Patients are Listerised, to use a hospital term, just as 
beer and wine are nowadays "Pasteurised," to use atrade 
term which means that, by their respective methods, 
they are sealed against the entrance of the germs of dis- 
ease. Nineteenth Century, XXIV. 846. 
Lister's gauze. See gauze. 
listfnl (list'ful), a. [< Ksft, n., + -ful] At- 
tentive. 
Who all the while, with greedie Kstfull eares, 
Did stand astonisht at his curious skill. 
Spenser, Colin Clout, 1. 7. 
listing 1 (lis'ting), n. [Verbal n. of list*, v.] 1. 
The act of attaching a list or border, or of 
binding with list. 
Here I must breath awhile, to satisfy some that perhaps 
might otherwise wonder at such an accumulation of bene- 
fits, like a kind of embroidering or listing of one favour 
upon another. Sir II. Walton, Reliquise, p. 211. 
2. A list or border of cloth, etc. 
Shoes bound round with listing band. Mary Howitt. 
3. The act of cutting away the sapwood from 
the edge of a board. 4. The strip thus cut 
away. 5. In ayri.. the throwing up of the 
soil into ridges. [U. S.] 
The drawback to this listing is due to the fact that close 
to the edges of the furrow on each side a row of weeds 
springs up. Sci. Amer., N. S., LVI. 6. 
listing 2 (lis'ting), n. [Verbal n. of lists, .] 
1. The act of making a list or catalogue. 2. 
In land laws of the United States, an allotment 
or assignment of land by the government. 
An attempt was made to attack the validity of the list- 
ing of the land by the general government over to the 
state, which is equivalent to a patent in passing to it the 
fee simple. California Law Report. 
listing-plow (lis'ting-plpu), . A plow with a 
double moldboard, specially designed for list- 
ing, or throwing the soil up into ridges. [U. S.] 
Listing's theorem. See theorem. 
listless (list'les), a. [< list?,n., + -kss. Cf. lust- 
less.} 1. Indifferent to or taking no interest 
in what happens about one; languid and un- 
heeding: as, a listless hearer or spectator. 
I,, listless, yet restless, 
Find every prospect vain. 
Burns, Despondency. 
3478 
2. Marked by languid inactivity ; manifesting 
relaxed attention ; inanimate : as, a listless atti- 
tude. 
His listless length at noontide would he stretch. 
Gray, Elegy. 
With a half smile she let fall the gold 
And glistening gems her listless hand did hold. 
William Morris, Earthly Paradise, II. 220. 
= Syn. 1. Listless, Careless, Supine, Indolent. The listless 
and the careless do not care or desire ; the supine and the 
indolent do not care enough to conquer their shrinking 
from activity or work. The words may all indicate a tem- 
porary state or a permanent element of character ; indo- 
lent generally indicates the latter. (See idle.) Careless is 
not caring ; supine is literally lying flat on one's back, not 
rousing one's self at all, ignobly indifferent; listless, in- 
different and languid. Listless does not necessarily imply 
blame. 
listlessly (list'les-li), adv. In a listless man- 
ner ; without attention ; heedlessly. 
listlessness (list'les-nes), . The state of be- 
ing listless; indifference to what is passing; 
languid inattention. 
listly 1 (list'li), a. [< lisfl, n., + -fyl.] Quick 
of hearing. Halliwell. [Prov. Eng.] 
listly 1 (list ' li), adv. [(= D. listlijk = Dan. 
(obs.) listelig) < listly, a.] Easily; distinctly. 
Hfilliwell. [Prov. Eng.] 
Iistly 2 t (list'li), adv. [ME. listely, < AS. lattice 
(= OHG. listHh, MHG. listelich), cunningly, < 
list, cunnine, + -lice: see list 3 and -ly 2 .] Cun- 
ningly; slyTy. 
He ful listti hem ledes to that loueli schippe, 
& tau$t bi-hende tunnes hem to hude there. 
William of Palerne (E. E. T. S.X 1. 2742. 
list-mill (list'mil), n. In gem-cutting, a wheel 
covered with list or selvage of woolen mate- 
rial, used for polishing stones cut en cabochon. 
[Obsolescent.] Also list-wheel. 
listnesst, n. [Irreg. < list* + -ness.] The state 
of listening ; attention. 
Then take me this errand, 
And what I shal prophecy with tentiue listenes harcken. 
Stanihurst, MneiA, iii. 264. (Davies.) 
listen (lis'tqn), . [< OF. listen, < liste, a list: 
see lisfi.] In her., a scroll or ribbon upon which 
a motto is inscribed. 
list-pan (list'pan), n. A perforated skimmer 
used in tin-plate manufacture. E. H. Knight. 
list-pot (list'pot), . In tin-plate manuf., the 
last of the series of five pots used in coating the 
iron plates. 
The list-pot, which contains a layer of melted tin about 
one-quarter of an inch deep. 
Wahl, Galvanoplastic Manipulations, p. 518. 
listred (lis'tred), n. [< W. llestraid, a corn- 
measure, lit. a vesselful, < llestr, a vessel.] A 
Welsh corn-measure, equal to 3f imperial bush- 
els, or 4 United States (Winchester) bushels. 
This is the statement of the parliamentary returns of 1879, 
where it is reported as still in use. According to Dr. 
Young, it was 20, 21, 22, or 24 gallons in different localities. 
list-wheel (list'hwel), . Same as list-mill. 
list-work (list'werk), n. A sort of appliqu6 
work in which list is sewed upon a garment cut 
out of fabric of any kind, edge to edge or over- 
listy (lis'ti), a. [A dial. var. of lusty.] Strong ; 
powerful. [North. Eng.] 
Listy mene and able. Lincoln MS., f. 3. (Halliwett.) 
lit 1 ! (lit), a. and n. [ME. lit, lyt, lut (also lite, 
lyte, lute, partly as abbr. of litel, lytel, little), < 
AS. lyt = OS. lut, little : see little, and cf. litel.] 
Little. 
Felaw, he seld, herkyn a ligt, 
And on myne errand go thou tyte. 
MS. Cantab. Ff. v. 48, f. 52. (Halliwett.) 
lit 2 (lit), n. [< ME. lit, little, < Icel. litr, color, 
dye, earlier complexion, face, countenance, = 
AS. wlite, beauty, splendor, form, hue, face.] 
Color; dye; stain. [Prov. Eng.] 
Iit 2 t (lit), v. t. [< ME. litten, liten, < Icel. lita, 
dye, color, < litr, dye, color: see lit 2 , n.] To 
color; dye. 
We use na clathes that are littede of dyverse coloures ; 
oure wiffes ne are noste gayly arayed for to plese us 
MS. Lincoln, A. L 17, f. 33. (HaUiwett.) 
lit 3 (lit). Preterit and past participle of Ugh ft. 
lit 4 (lit). Preterit and past participle of lights. 
lit. An abbreviation of literal and literally ; also 
of literature. 
litse, n. Plural of lite*. 
litany (lit'a-ni), n.; pi. litanies (-niz). [Early 
mod. E. litanie, < ME. letanie, < OF. letanie, F. 
litanie = Pr. letania = Sp. letania = Pg. ladai- 
nha = It. litania, letania, letana (in F., etc., usu- 
ally in pi.), < LL. litania, < Gr. "kiravda, an en- 
treating, a litany, < /Urau>tw, rare form of /l<ro- 
veiieiv, pray, < 'Aircadat, 'AiaasaBai, beg, pray; cf. 
farf/, prayer: see lite^.] I. Primarily, a solemn 
lite 
prayer of supplication ; a public or general sup- 
plication to God, especially in processions. 
The! putten his name in here Letanyes, as a Seynt. 
Mandeville, Travels, p. 177. 
The morning hymns and psalmody and prayers then 
came all under the general term of litany, and the Allans 
were forbidden in this sense to make any litanies within 
the city, by this law of Arcadius. 
Bins/ham, Antiq., I. xiii. 1. 
2. Specifically, in liturgies, an appointed form of 
responsive prayer, used as part of a service or 
separately. The most important varieties have been the 
following : (a) Liturgical or missal litanies, found in the old- 
est liturgies or eucharistic offices, especially in the intro- 
ductory division. Such are the synapte and ectene of the Ori- 
ental forms, consisting of a series of brief clauses, mostly 
beginning " In behalf of," then naming the person or thing 
prayed for, and concluding "let us beseech the Lord," with 
the response Kyrie ele'ison. There were originally five 
such litanies in the liturgy : the initial diaconica or ire- 
nica (the Western Kyrie, pacifica% and collect), the ectene 
after the Gospel, the litany after the offertory, that follow- 
ing the great intercession by the priest after consecration, 
and a closing litany after communion. In the West such 
litanies were in use for many centuries, but they have not 
been retained in the Roman Church, which has, however, 
versicles before the introit and the Kyrie after it. (b) In 
the day hours and other offices similar litanies often form 
part of the service in both East and West, (c) As sepa- 
rateoflices in the Western Church, litanies have been used 
since the fifth century, especially in processions of clergy 
and people. The earliest form of these was the repetition 
of Kyrie ele'ison a great number of times without variation, 
the petitions of the missal litanies being omitted. Some- 
what later the. existing Western" form was developed, be- 
ginning with the Kyrie and invocation of the Trinity, fol- 
lowed by invocations of saints, deprecations, obsecrations, 
supplications or intercessions, with other suffrages and 
prayers. The Anglican Litany in the Book of Common 
Prayer follows very closely the model Just described, but 
omits all invocations of saints, recites generally several pe- 
titions in succession before inserting a response, and makes 
a few additions. (See deprecation, 2.) It is, properly speak- 
ing, a separate service, but is regularly said after the third 
collect at morning prayer on Sundays, Wednesdays, and 
Fridays. On Sundays and holy days it immediately pre- 
cedes the communion service, or else is said separately. In 
the Koman Catholic Church three litanies are recognized 
for use in public worship : (1) the Litany of the Saints ; (2) 
the Litany of the Blessed Virgin, or Litany of Loreto ; and 
(3) the Litany of the Most Holy Name of Jesus. See lite?. 
And songe the letanye 
And other gode orysons. 
Rob. of Gloucester, p. 406. 
Hence 3. Any earnest supplication or prayer. 
[Poetical.] 
We passed, and joined a crowd in snch like guise, 
Who through the town sang woful litanies. 
William Karris, Earthly Paradise, I. 16. 
Deacon'8 litany. See diaconica, ectene, irenicon, synapte. 
-Lesser litany, (a) The petitions Kyrie cleison, Christe 
eleison, Kyrie eletson, each said thrice, as at the beginning 
of the eucharistic office or mass, or the same translated, 
"Lord (or Christ), have mercy upon us." (6) The same 
petitions with the following versicles or prayers and 
responses in the litany in the English Book of Common 
Prayer, allowed to be omitted at discretion in the Ameri- 
can Book, (c) The same petitions with the following ver- 
sicles and responses in the Orders for Morning and Even- 
ing Prayer. 
litany-desk (lit'a-ni-desk), . In the Anglican 
Ch., a movable desk at which a minister or 
reader kneels facing the altar, while he recites 
the litany, it is placed in the body of the church, in 
front of the door of the rood-screen or chancel. This posi- 
tion outside the choir or sanctuary is intended to accord 
with the penitential character of the litany. Also called 
litany-stool and (less correctly) faldstool. See cut under 
faldstool. 
litany-Stool (lit'a-ni-stol), n. Same as litany- 
desk. 
litargeM, n. An obsolete variant of litharge. 
litargiet, Iitarge 2 t, . Middle English variants 
of lethargy^. Chaucer. 
litationt (li-ta'shon), n. [< L. litatio(n-), a for- 
tunate or successful sacrifice, < litare, make a 
favorable sacrifice or offering, obtain favorable 
omens.] A sacrificing. Bailey, 1731. 
Litchi (lich'i), n. [NL. (P. Sonnerat, 1776), < 
Chin, lichi: see lichi.] A genus of sapindaceous 
trees included by Bentham and Hooker in the 
genus Jfephclimn. There is but one species, which is 
confined to China, the eastern part of India, and the Philip- 
pine Islands, producing an edible fruit, the lichi. See lichi. 
litch-owl, n. See lich-owl. 
Lit. D., Lltt. D. An abbreviation of the Latin 
Literarum (Litterarum) Doctor that is, Doctor 
of Letters. 
lit de justice (le de zhiis-tes'). [F. : lit, bed 
(< L. lectus, bed : see litter, n.) dc, of ; justice, 
justice.] Bed of justice. See bed*. 
liteH, a. and n. [< ME. lite, lyte, lute, partly 
abbr. of litel, lytel, Intel, little (cf. much, ME. 
muche, moche, abbr. of muchel, mochel), partly 
from lit, lyt, little: see lift and little.] I. a. 1. 
Little. 
It semed that he carried lyt array. 
Chaucer, Prol. to Canon's Yeoman's Tale, 1. 14. 
From this exploit he sav'd not great nor lite, 
The aged men, and boys of tender age. 
Fairfax, tr. of Tasso, xi. 26. (Latham.) 
