little 
Man wants lint little In lc below. 
Nor wants that !>'// long. 
liiililniuth, The Ill-unit. 
A little, H"ineii lial ; to or in a tmiall degree; to a limiti .1 
extent ; for a short 1 inn-. 
I.CIIKL- lytirl iiilli iliy lede, I Injly biseche. 
Aililemlir,- ;,, (,-,l. Moni.s), U. ttU. 
Here i* lu-r picllli-e : let me see; I think, 
If 1 hail Midi a tire, thU face of nun. 
Were full unlovely us in this of hu- 
Allll yet (III' gi mill i Haltered In I n little. 
Mint.. T. G. of V., iv. 4. ntt. 
Pray stay a litUe, my lonl. Sliut., 1 Hen. IV., IL 4. OS. 
By little and little, by Mow degrees; gradually. in 
little, on il soial! seale ; within a small compass : in minia- 
ture : us, the history of one'it life in Hub: 
Tli.ise liial iiuiilil make mows at him while my father 
lived give twenty, forty, fifty, an hundred ducata a-picce 
lor lila picture in little. ft/int., liamlet, ii. i .-(.vj. 
Into little*, very near; almost. 
For which we hall ao sorwed, he and I, 
That into li'i'l l>oth it hadde us alawe. 
Chaucer, Troilus, Iv. 8X4. 
Not a little, considerably. To make little of. See 
MMM, 
little (lit'l), title. [< MK. HH, lilil, lytel, etc-., 
< AS. li/ti'l, adv., prop, iieut. ace. of the adj.: 
see little, a. and .] In a small quantity or 
degree; not much; slightly. 
Master, l well war of the ocrelfe of Notynggam, 
For he ys leifttll howr frende, 
KMu llwul and the /'after (Child's llallads, V. 22). 
How very little the world misses anybody ! 
Macaulai/, In Trevelyau, I. 286. 
littlet (lit'l), c. [< ME. Utclcn, ly/elcn, liiMn,. 
Ititlen, < AS. lytlian, become or make little, < 
lyti'l, little : nee little, a.^ I. iutranx. To become 
little or less. 
His Codhcdc Intliilde not thclj he lowe lihte. 
Jimrph uf .\ritllHllnt (E. E. T. S.X p. 5. 
II. trail*. To make less. Compare belittle. 
littlebeak (lit'1-bek), . A brachippod of the 
genus Khytichtmella; a rhynehonellid. 
little-ease (lit'l-ez), , A state of discomfort 
or misery ; hence, anything that causes uneasi- 
ness; 8pecifically,au old name for a punishment 
causing boilily discomfort or pain, as the stocks 
or the pillory, or some especially uncomfortable 
part of a prison, as a very small cell. 
Welcome, sweet friend, to liherty of air, . . . 
How dost thou brook thy tittlebat* thy trunk? 
aid,IMi,n, Family of Love, III. 1. 
Was not this fellow's preaching a cause of all the trouble 
In larae) ? was he not worthy to be cast In bocardo or little- 
'"-''' Laiitnfr, Sermons, fol. 10ft, b. (Xares.) 
little-endian (lit-1-en'di-an), . [In Swift's 
"Gulliver's Travels," a member of the Lillipu- 
tian party which contended that boiled eggs 
should be cracked at the little end: opposed 
to tig-ciidian.'] One of a set of disputers about 
trifles. Also used adjectively. See big-eintiiiu. 
little-go (lit'l-go'), n. See little t/i>, under 1/0, 11. 
little-gude(lit'l-gUd), . The devil. [Scotch.] 
little-neck (lit'1-nek). n. [So named from a lo- 
cality on the north coast of Long Island (l.ittlr 
NecK), whence these originally came into fa- 
vor.] A local epithet, noting young, round, 
hard clams of a size preferred for eating raw. 
They are simply ungrown quahaugs (IVniw mercetwrin nr 
Mercfiiaria vitHttcea). The epithet la wrongly but very 
generally supimsed to refer to the absence of the long 
siphon or '-neck" which la conaplcuona in the common 
clam, I.'"" amutria. These young quahaugs are some- 
times called pea-riant*. (In the Pacific coast of the ("nited 
States the name little-n?ck la applied to various edible 
clams, as Tapts xtrniniiiftt and T. laciniata, Chione me- 
ciitcta and r. ntniUiuHt. See cut under dimvttrian. 
littleness (lit'1-nes), . [< ME. 'litel'nexse, < AS. 
lutcliii/x, < lytt-1, little : see little and -nens.] The 
state or quality of being little, in any sense of 
that word.=8yn. hittlrnriw, Mrnnntss (see mtaautw); 
SmfUliu-im, Little item. /Wfin.ciw, and nouns formed from ad- 
jectives alien in the list under little. SmaUneti&nAlitUt- 
ness are genera) terms, but the latter is stronger, and gen- 
erally imgilii-s more or less disparagement, but sometimes 
endearment. Pettiite-mt is used in strong disparagement, as 
of that which is beneath consideration : itchanu-ten/es a 
mind that busies itself witli i n.-ii; 1 1 ilirani or trilling things, 
littleshipt, ii. [ME."//fcsr/n>, lotlwliiiif; < lit- 
l/t + -.vni'/i.] Littleness; smallness. 
1 1. Hi thi fairnisse is bl spit ; 
Uou tin swetnisse is i-betin and ipit; 
llou thi UtMMM to scharp dels is of set 
Pnliliaa fuemit, etc. (ed. FurnivallX p. 240. 
littlest (lit'1-est), a. The regularly formed su- 
perlative of lillli-: least. 
littleworth (lit'l-werlh). . and w. [< little + 
irortli, it.] I. a. Of little or no value ; worth- 
less; of a bad character; destitute of moral 
principle. [Rare or archaic.] 
He returned for answer that he would not come to a 
stranger. He defended himself by saying " He liiul once 
come to a stranger who sent for him ; and lie found him a 
littletrorth person." /;.../,-//. 
II. a, A worthless fellow; a blackguard. 
3485 
littoral (lit'6-ral). il. anil 11. [Also sometimes 
lilnriil; = !'.' lii'tni-iil = Pg. Bp.Ntorol = It. lili>- 
i-uli; < L. Hlnrtilis, bi-longiiig to the M-a-sIiore, < 
lilux (I, tin'-), sea-slioi-i-, coast, shore of a lake, 
bank of a river.] I. a. 1. Of or pertaining in 
a shore, n> uf the sea or agreat lake; frequent 
hitf or living near the shore: as, liltiirtil trade; 
lillnriil lishes or vegetation. 2. Situated or 
bordering on a shore: as. the l.illornl I'l-m in.-r> 
(Litoralo or Ktistenland), a division of Austria 
on the east coast of the Adriatic.- Littoral cor- 
don. See ctmliin. littoral rocks, rocks which have 
lieen laid duwii in the littoral zone, or within the range of 
inllneiice of tidm and breakers. Deposits thus fonned 
. .insist chiefly of coarse materials, while those form. .1 in 
deep water, or thalaaie rnda, are line grained and often 
largely calcareous in character. Littoral zone, the in- 
terval on a sea-coast between high- and low-water mark. 
II. u. A littoral tract or region ; the part of 
a country lying along the coast. 
In the towns of the Albanian l!it,,r,il Italian la the lan- 
guage of civilized Intercommunication. 
.(. /. Evaii*, Illyrlan Letters, p. 13A. 
Littorella (lit-o-rel'ii), . [XL. (Linnaeus, 1 767), 
so called in ref. to the place of growth. < L. 
litus (litor-), the sea-shore: see littnrfil.] A 
genus of plants of the natural order f'l<int<ii/i- 
nrtF, distinguished from I'lantago by the one- 
eelled ovary. See xlitireweed. 
Littorina ('lit-o-ri'nii), H. [NL., < L. litim 
(///;-), sea-sliore: see littoral.'] The typical 
genus of LitlnriiiitltF. L. litnrea Is the common peri- 
winkle of Europe, which has recently become abundant 
on the Atlantic coast of the ITnited States. It Is used for 
food in some countries. In England several hundred tons 
arc used annually. L. rtirfw Is another species common to 
both continents. /.. paUiata of the New England coast is 
common on rocky shores, where it creeps over rockweed 
and eel-grass. It is very variable in color, either plain or 
marked with white, green, or brown. Further south a 
larger and sharper-pointed species, L. irrorata, Is abun- 
dant. The generic name has been much more comprehen- 
sive than it Is now, various species formerly included be- 
ing now referred to other genera. Also written Lilnriiut. 
Littorinidae (lit-o-rin'i-de), u. pi. [NL., < Lit- 
tirriiia + -itla:'] 'A family of holostomatous tre- 
uioglossate gastropods ; the periwinkles or sea- 
snails. AS gen- 
erally understood, 
they have a wide, 
short snout, long 
tentacles, eyes at 
the external bases 
of the tentacles, 
and a radula with 
nearly uniform lat- 
eral and marginal 
teeth. The shell is 
conic or subglo- 
bose, with a round- 
ish aperture and a 
spiral corneous operculum. They are mostly of maritime 
habitat, and generally live between or near tide-levels, at- 
tached to rocks or stones. The family 1s now much restrict- 
ed by the exclusion of several genera formerly Included. 
Littre's glands. See glnnd. 
littress (lit'res), w. [Origin unknown.] A 
smooth kind of cartridge-paper used in the 
manufacture of cards. E. H. Knit/lit. 
Lituaceat (lit-u-a'se-a). . ]>l. [NL. (De Blain- 
ville, 1818), < titans + -<icea.~\ A family referred 
to the cepbalopods, and composed of .Spirilla as 
well as of certain foraminifers supposed to be 
related to that genus. 
lituaryt, An obsolete form of ftrctmtry. 
lituate (lit'u-at), a. [< NL. lituatux, < L. litii- 
-, an augur's staff, a trumpet : see lituim. ] In 
bot., forked, with the points turned outward. 
litui, n. Plural of litinis. 
lituiforra (lit'n-i-form), a. [< L. litinit, an 
augur's staff, a trumpet (see litmix), + fttrmti, 
shape.] Curved like a lituus. 
lituite (lit'u-it). w. [< NL. Litiiite*, q. v.] A 
fossil cephalopod of the genus Lituitex. 
Lituites (lit-u-i'tex), . [NL., < L. litma, an 
augur's staff: see litiiiut.] The typical genus of 
l.itiiitidn: There are several species of Silurian 
age. 
Lituitidse (lit-u-it'i-de), M. ///. [NL., < Litui/,.. 
+ -iiltF.] A family of fossil cephalopods, tyjii- 
fied by the genus l.ituitrx, containing the litu- 
ites, now generally associated with Xautilidir. 
Lituola (li-tfi'o-la), H. [NL., dim. of L. litinm. 
an augur's staff, a tnimpet: see lituux.'] The 
typieal genus of l.itimlidie. Ltniitirck, 1804. 
Lituplidae (lit-u-ol'i-de), n. i>l. [NL., < Litiiuld 
+ -Mo.] A family of irnperforate Foriiiiiiiiifirn, 
with the test arenaceous and usually regular 
in contour, the septation of the polytnalainous 
forms often imperfect, and the chambers t'n- 
qucntly labyrinthie. It comprises sandy Isomoriihs 
of the siinpli- iMireeliancous and hyajine types, together 
with some relati'il speeies. l.ituacea. Littii'tir. l.itn,.laera, 
and l.itm.l, i,f the old authors are inexact syTionyms, em- 
liturgist 
not onlj ihe f.iranijniliioiis LilmMir, but WOK 
ri-gihalogmils, as Xj/irula. 
Lituolidea Uii n-o-lid'e-ih, . />/. |.\l,.: Ma 
l.iliitilitltt:'] The family l.i/iin/iilii; advam-i-d to 
the rank of an order of imperforate foramiui- 
fers. 
lituolldean (lit ii-ii-liil'r-an). u. nnd 11. (M,., 
< l.itutllitlftl + -Illi.J I. il. "Litllolille, in ii III, i.nl 
sense; spccitieally, of or pertaining to the l.i- 
I noli <l<, i. 
II. ii. One of the l.itunliiln . 
l.ittorina titarttt, n.itnr.il size. 
Lituolina (lit u-o-li'nii), ./(/. [NI..,< l.t 
+ -inn-.] A group of i./lii'iliil, u represented by 
the genus Litimlu and its immediate congeners, 
having the test composed of coarse sand-grains, 
rough outside and often labyrinlhic. 
Lituolinae (lit n-o-li'ne), /;. //'. [NL., < Liinalu 
+ -i/irt'.] A subfamily of l.itiwUilii', with test 
composed of coarse sand-grains. 
litUOline (lit'u-o-lin), n. [< /.itnola + -iiicl.] 
Having the characters of the getius Lituola; 
being or resembling one of the Litiitilidn: 
lituolite (lit'u-o-Hl), . [< L. as if "lituolim, 
dim. of litiiiix, a trumpet, + -i'fc i2 .] A fossil 
lit noli ne foraminifer: so named from the shape. 
Lituolites are of microscopic size, and abound 
in the Cretaceous. 
litura (li-tu'rS), H.; pi. litiirtr (-re). [NL., < L. 
lilnrti, a smearing, erasure, blot, blur, < liiiere, 
pp. /i7x, smear, nib: see li>iiie>it.~] In oitoni., 
an ill-defined and somewhat obscure spot, grow- 
ing paler or fading into the ground-color at one 
end, as if daubed or blotted. 
liturate (lit'u-rat), n. [< LL. liturtitim, pp. of 
lititrnrt, rub out, erase, < L. liturn, a smearing, 
erasure: see liturn.] 1. In b"t., having spots 
formed by the abrasion of the surface : said of 
a plant. 2. In etitttni., marked with litune or 
indeterminate spots growing paler at one end. 
liturge (li-terj'), . [< LL. ~ litiirgim, < (!r. >ei- 
Tovp)Af,& public servant, a minister, a Jewish or 
Chnstian priest: see liiurt/i/.] 1. Alitnrgist: 
a Jewish priest as offering sacrifice, or a Chris- 
tian priest as celebrating the eucharist or lit- 
urgy. 2. A leader in public worship j an offici- 
ating clergyman, especially one leading in the 
use of a fixed or prescribed liturgy. 
liturgic (li-ter'jik), n. [< l.fir. /i/roiyjjMof, min- 
istering (in the Septnagint, pertaining to the 
temple service). < Or. /f/roiyij/n, liturgy: see/i'f- 
KIY/I/.] Same as liturgical. 
liturgical (H-t6r'ji-kal), n. [< liturgic + -al.] 
1. Of or pertaining to a liturgy, in the ancient 
Greek sense of that word. See liturgy, 1. 2. 
Of or pertaining to sacrificial or eucharistic 
worship; in a wider sense, used in, prepared 
for, or pertaining to worship or religious cere- 
monies in general. All services of public wor- 
ship have sometimes been called liturgical. 
3. Specifically, pertaining to or employing a 
fixed or prescribed liturgy, or pertaining to 
public worship conducted in accordance with 
such a liturgy. 4. Noting a part of a public 
religious exercise that is explicitly directed to 
the deity rather than to the wo'rshiper: op- 
posed to didactic or Aii/?/i>._Llturgical colors. 
See ciilar. Liturgical fan. See faMlmn. 
liturgically (li-ter'ji-kal-i), atlr. In a liturgi- 
cal manner; as a form of public worship. 
It Is ... proper that a portion of [the Hlble) should be 
dally used lUiiryimlly in the public schools. 
f. HOI, True Order of Studies, p. U.I. 
liturgies (li-ter'jiks), H. [PI. of liturgic: see 
-iV.J 1. The science or art of conducting 
public worship. Liturjrics, as a branch of pastoral 
theology, is coordinate with poimenics. catechetlcs. and 
homiletlcs, though in strictness it may be made to include 
the last. 
2. Specifically, the science of liturgies that 
is, of orders of public worship; liturgiology. 
It comprise- the history of the origin of liturgical formuhe 
and of their combination with one another into liturgies, 
and the art of using such formula- In conformity with cus- 
tom or ecclesiastical rule. 
liturgiologist (li-ter-ji-ol'o-jist), H. f< liturtji- 
uliifiy + -ixt.~] One versed in liturgiology : a 
specialist in the study of liturgies. 
Minute peculiarities, which would be of interest to pro- 
fessed littir : rinloffit(s. Encyc. liril., XIV. 708. 
liturgiology (li-ter-ji-ol'o-ji), . [< Gr. ?t/r<np- 
, ', liturgy, + -'/n-jia. < /rftn; say: see -oltii/i/.] 
The science or systematic study of apjioiuted 
forms of public worship, especially of the an- 
cient forms for the celebration of the eucharist. 
See Hturtfi/. 
liturgist (lit'er-jist), w. [< litiirg-y + -ixt.~] 1. 
A leader in public worship ; a liturge. 2. An 
authority on liturgies; a liturgiologist. 3. 
One who uses or favors the use of a liturgy. 
