lizard 
(> E. aligarto, now alligator) = It. lacer- 
ta, lucerta, < L. lacertim, Itin-rtu, a lizard. Cf. 
tn<rrt.~\ 1 . A scaly four-legged reptile without 
a shell; a squamate quadruped saurian; a sau- 
rian orlacertilian. In popular language a lizard is al- 
most any reptile except a frog, toad, snake, or turtle ; and 
ordinary book usage is equally indefinite. Thus, skiuks, 
stellios, geckos, chameleons, basilisks, monitors, agamas, 
iguanas, alligators, crocodiles, etc., are all lizards; pterodac- 
tyls are flying-lizards ; dinosaurs, plesiosaurs, and moaa- 
saurs are huge extinct lizards. But the word is most fre- 
quently used as the name of the small lacertilians, as those 
of the family Lacertidee and some others, which have no 
special names of their own. .See Lacerta, Lacertidte. 
Our Author saw one Lizard, as big as a man, with scales 
on her backe like Oysters. J'urchas, Pilgrimage, p. 888. 
Lizards, the green lightnings of the wall, . . . 
With such prodigious eyes in such small heads ! 
Mrs. Browning, Aurora Leigh, vii. 
2. Any member of the old order Sauria or mod- 
ern order Lacertilia. Such are the reptiles known as 
daw-worms, glass-snakes, homed toads, etc. Many of these 
have no limbs, or no obvious ones, and are therefore not 
lizards in sense 1. 
3. Naut., a piece of rope with a thimble or bull's- 
eye spliced into one or both ends, used in a 
vessel as a leader for ropes. 4. [cap.] Acer- 
tain small constellation. See Lacerta, 2. 5. A 
crotch of timber or a forked limb used in place 
of a sled for hauling stone: a form of stone- 
boat. 6. In her., a beast like a wildcat, usu- 
ally represented as spotted : a rare bearing. 
Anguine lizard. See anguine. Broad-backed liz- 
ards, the varanians or monitors. Croaking lizard, a 
gecko common in Jamaica, Thecadactylus Items: so called 
from the noise it makes. It is nocturnal. Also croaking 
pecto. Frilled lizard. See JriU-luard.- Scaly lizard, 
a pangolin or scaly ant-eater. See Hants. 
lizard-bait (liz'ard-bat), n. The lesser sand- 
lance. [Prov. Eng.] 
lizard-fish (liz'ard-fish), n. 1. A ganoid fish 
of the group of sauroids. 2. A fish of the ge- 
nus Synodus, of which there are several species, 
as the sandpike, S. fastens, found from Cape 
Cod southward. S. lucioceps occurs on the Cali- 
fornian and Mexican coasts. 
lizard-seeker (liz'ard-se"ker), n. An American 
ground-cuckoo, Saurothera vetula, or some other 
member of the subfamily Saurotherince. 
lizard-Stone (liz'ard-ston), n. A name for the 
serpentine marble obtained in Cornwall, Eng- 
land, in the vicinity of Lizard Point. It is 
made into chimneypieces, ornaments, etc. 
lizard's-tongue (liz'ardz-tung), n. A name of 
several orchids included in the genus Spiran- 
thes, formerly regarded as forming a genus 
Sauroglossum. 
lizardtail, lizard's-tail (liz'ard-, liz'ardz-tal), 
n. 1. An herbaceous plant, Saururus cernuus, 
growing in marshes in North America. The 
name was suggested by its nodding spikes of 
white flowers. Also called breastweed (which 
see). 2. A plant, Piper peltatum, of the West 
Indies. 
lizard-tailed (liz'ard-tald), . Having long 
fragile arms or rays, likened to the tail of a 
lizard : specifically applied to the ophiurans. 
lizari (li-za'ri), n. Same as alizari. 
Lizzia (liz'i-a), n, [NL.] A genus of gymno- 
blastic acale'phs or jellyfishes, with 32 marginal 
tentacles arranged by fives and threes, and the 
young produced by direct budding from the 
polypite. L. octopunctata is an example. 
llama (la 'ma or lya'ma), n. [Also lama and 
alamo, as the L. generic or specific name; < 
Peruv. llama.] 1. An even-toed ruminant un- 
gulate quadruped, Auchenia glama or llama, or 
Lama periiviana, of South America, of the order 
Ungulata, suborder Artiodacti/la, superfamily 
Tylopoda, family Camelidte, closely related to 
the camel of the Old World, but smaller, without 
a hump, and woolly-haired. Like the camel, it is 
known only in the atate of domestication ; it is supposed to 
3490 
be descended from the guanaco. The llama is also called 
the American camel, and has been known to Europeans 
since 1544. It was the only beast of burden in America 
before the arrival of the Spaniards, and is still used as 
such in the Andes, the formation of its feet enabling it to 
walk on slopes too rough or steep for any other animal. 
It is about 3 feet high at the shoulder, and so closely al- 
lied to the alpaca that the latter is sometimes regarded 
as a finer-wooled variety of it. 
2. The wool of the llama. It is used m making 
stuffs for women's wear, lace, tassels, etc. 
Her [the Lady Mayoress's] petticoat was of llama and 
gold. First Year of a Silken Reign, p. 09. 
llan. [W. llan, an inclosure, a church.] A 
church: a veryfrequent element in place-names 
in Wales, and occurring also in England and 
Scotland, as in Llandaff, L/angollen, Llanidloes, 
Lanark. 
Llandeilo group (lan-d!'16 grop). [See del] 
A division of the Lower Silurian, first described 
by Murchison as occurring at Llandeilo in Car- 
marthenshire, Wales, and also found in Pem- 
brokeshire and Radnorshire. The group consists 
of dark-colored flags, sandstones, and shales, and is be- 
tween 2,000 and 3,000 feet thick. It contains many of the 
characteristic fossils of the lowest division of the Silurian, 
especially trilobltes of genera included in Barrande's "pri- 
mordial fauna," such as Asaphus, Calymene, and Ogygm. 
Llandovery group (lan'do-ve-ri grop). [See 
del] A series of rocks, so named by Murchi- 
son because well developed near Llandovery 
in Carmarthenshire, Wales. The group consists of 
sandstones, grits, and conglomerates, having a maximum 
thickness of 2,500 feet. It is divided into two subdivi- 
sions, the Lower Llandovery beds, and the Upper Llan- 
dovery beds or the May Hill sandstone. By some geolo- 
gists the Upper and the Lower Llandovery and the Taran- 
non shales are grouped together as the May Hill series, 
and are considered as forming the lowest division of the 
Silurian, the fossiliferous strata below this being called 
Cambrian. At one time the division between the Lower 
and Upper Silurian was taken between the Upper and 
Lower Llandovery. See Silurian. 
llanero (lya-na'ro), n. [Sp., C llano, a plain: 
see llano.'] An inhabitant of the llanos of 
South America. The llaneros are principally con- 
verted Indians or descendants of Indians and whites, and 
are distinguished for activity, ferocity, ignorance, and 
semi-barbarous habits. They are for the most part shep- 
herds or herdsmen. 
llano (la'no or lyii'no), n. [Sp., a plain, < L. 
planus, level: see plain and plane.] In some 
of the Spanish or originally Spanish parts of 
America, a treeless level steppe or plain. The 
llanos in the northern part of South America surround the 
lower and middle course of the Orinoco, and are separated 
by the great forest-belt of the Amazon from the region of 
the pampas further south. Many parts of these llanos 
bear little or no vegetation, except on the banks of rivers 
and during the seasons of inundation, when they are trans- 
formed into seas. In the intermediate season they are 
luxuriant pastures for great herds of cattle. The Llano 
Estacado or Staked Plain of the United States is a vast 
arid plateau in the former Spanish possessions of Texas 
and New Mexico. 
Like the greater portion of the desert of Sahara, the 
northernmost of the South American plains the Llanos 
are in the torrid zone ; during one-half of the year they 
are desolate, like the Lybian sandy waste ; during the 
other they appear as a grassy plain, resembling many of 
the steppes of Central Asia. 
Humboldt, Aspects of Nature (trans.), p. 30. 
LL. B. An abbreviation of the Latin (Middle 
or New Latin) Legiim Baccalaureus, Bachelor 
of Laws. 
LL. D. An abbreviation of the Latin (Middle 
or New Latin) Legum Doctor, Doctor of Laws. 
llean (len), . The pilchard. [Cornwall.] 
llestraid, . [W. : see listred. ] Same as listred. 
Lloyd's (loidz), i. [Seedef.] The name (which 
has become in some degree generic) of an as- 
sociation in London, consisting of members 
and subscribers, for the transaction of marine 
insurance for all parts of the world through 
individual underwriters, and the promotion of 
shipping interests in general. The association has 
occupied Lloyd's Rooms in the Royal Exchange since 1774. 
These rooms were originally called the New Lloyd's Co/ee- 
Hoitse, from a house established by Edward Lloyd in Tower 
street, in the latter part of the seventeenth century, where 
merchants and underwriters met to transact business. 
About 1692 the establishment was removed to Lombard 
street for the convenience of merchants of the highest class 
doing business in the old city. About 1770 the place came 
into the possession of the society of marine underwriters, 
together with "Lloyd's List" (formerly "Lloyd's News"), 
a newspaper devoted to shipping intelligence, that was 
founded about 1726, probably by Lloyd, and has been pub- 
lished daily since 1800. The society retained the official 
title Lloyd's Coffee-Home until 1871, when it was for the 
first time incorporated by act of Parliament, under its pres- 
ent shortened name. Its operations are so extensive and 
important that the name has been adopted by several con- 
tinental associations for maritime and mercantile enter- 
prises, the principal of which are the Austrian Lloyd at 
Trieste and the North German Lloyd at Bremen. 
Lloyd'* was then [in Anne's reignl in Lombard Street, 
and indeed to this day, on Lloyd's policies, is stated that 
this policy shall have the same effect as if issued in Lom- 
bard Street. 
J. Ashton, Social Life in Reign of Queen Anne, I. 224. 
load 
Lloyd's agent, one of a class of agents, in nearly all parts 
of the world, acting for the committee of underwriters at 
Lloyd's, who transmit maritime information of all kinds, 
report disasters, etc. They are generally local merchants, 
shippers, or others concerned with maritime business. 
Lloyd's bond. See bond i . Lloyd's Register of Brit- 
ish and Foreign Snipping, an annual work, published 
by an association of members of Lloyd's, containing the 
names of vessels alphabetically arranged, and ranked in 
different classes (as Al, etc.) according to their qualifica- 
tions, their title to be in any class being determined by 
the report of surveyors, and by certain rules as to their 
construction, their state of repair, age, etc. 
lo 1 (16), interj. [< ME. lo, loo, < AS. Id, a com- 
mon interj. of surprise, calling, or mere greet- 
ing. Confusion of la, ME. lo, with loe, ME. 
lok, impv., look, is supposed to have given lo its 
now usual implication of ' behold ' ; but the dif- 
ference of form is too great to make any such 
confusion probable.] Look! see! behold! ob- 
serve! used to invoke or direct the particular 
attention of a person to some object or subject 
of interest. 
Lo, ge lordes, what leute did by an emperoure of Rome, 
That was an vncrystene creature as clerkes fyndeth in 
bokes. Piers Plowman (B), xi. 149. 
Lo, Adam, in the felde of Damascene, 
With Goddes owen finger wrought was he. 
Cltaucer, Monk's Tale, 1. 17. 
Why, lo you now, I have spoke to the purpose twice. 
Shak.,W. T., i.2. 106. 
Lo' 2 (16), n. [From the well-known lines of 
Pope, "Lo! the poor Indian, whose untutored 
mind," etc. ("Essay on Man," i. 99), the word 
Lo being humorously taken as the name of ' ' the 
poor Indian."] A North American Indian. [Hu- 
morous, U. S.] 
loa (16'a), n. A larval nematode worm infest- 
ing the eye; the larval stage of the eye-thread- 
worm, Filaria oculi. 
loach (loch), n. [Also loche; < F. loche = Sp. 
loclxi, loja, loach : origin unknown.] 1. A small 
European fish, Cobitis (Nemachilus) barbatula, 
Common Loach (Nemachilus brtrbatulus). 
of the family Coliitida;; hence, any fish of that 
family. The common loach inhabits small clear streams, 
and is esteemed a delicacy. It is also called beardy. The 
spinous loach or groundling is a smaller species, Cobitis 
tcenii. 
The miller's thombe, the hiding loach, 
The perch, the ever-nibling roach. 
W. Browne, Britannia's Pastorals, t 1. 
Scarcely a stone I left unturned, being thoroughly 
skilled in the tricks of the loach. . . . For being gray- 
spotted, and clear to see through, ... he will stay quite 
still where a streak of weed is in the rapid water, hoping 
to be overlooked. R. D. Blackmore, Lorna Doone, vii. 
2. A European fresh-water gadoid fish, the bur- 
bot or eel-pout, Lota maculosa. See cut under 
burbot. 3. A simpleton. Nares. 
And George redeemed his cloake, rode merrily to Oxford, 
having coine in his pocket, where this l^in-h spares not for 
any expence. Jests of George Peele. 
load 1 (lod), n. See lode 1 . 
load 2 (lod), n. [< ME. lode, loode, a burden 
carried in a vehicle, lit. a carrying, a particu- 
lar use of lode, a way, course, carrying: see 
lode 1 . In the orig. sense the word is more com- 
monly spelled lode, while in the later senses the 
exclusive spelling is load, and the word is now 
associated with ladei."] 1. That which is car- 
ried; a burden laid on or placed in anything, 
or taken up, for conveyance; specifically, a 
suitable or customary burden ; the amount or 
quantity that can be or usually is carried : as, a 
ship's load; a cart-toad; wood and hay are of ten 
sold by the loa'l. 
Of stree [straw] first ther was leyd ful many a loode. 
Chaucer, Knight's Tale (ed. Morris), 1. 2060. 
Come, now towards Chertsey with your holy load. 
Shak., Rich. III., i. -2. 29. 
Later in the fall, certain of the Count's vassals came to 
the riva in one of the great boats of the Po, with a load of 
brush and corncobs for fuel. Howetts, Venetian Life, vii. 
2. That which is upborne or sustained ; a bur- 
den; a weight resting on or in anything: as, a 
load of fruit on a tree ; a load of learning in 
the mind. 
What think you of a dnchess? have you limbs 
To bear that load of title? 
Shak., Hen. VIII., ii. 8. 88. 
From their foundations loosening to and fro, 
They pluck'd ihe seated hills, with all their load. 
Milton, P. L., vi. 644. 
Earth, on whose wide-spreading Base 
The wretched Load is laid of Human Race. 
Contrrcve, Tears of Amaryllis. 
