local 
tion, police, etc. Local board, a board of officers whose 
powers are local ; more specifically, in Kwj. law, a hoard of 
otlicere elected by the rate-payers of adistrict to administer 
some part of the local all'airs therein. Local chancre. 
same as chancraul. Local Circuit, hi teleg., a circuit 
in a telegraph-station containing the recording or other 
receiving instrument and a battery, and also a delicate re- 
lay operated by the line-current, by means of which the 
signals are repeated in the local circuit, the recorder or 
sounder being operated by the battery in that circuit. 
Local-circuit battery, a battery used in a local circuit. 
Local color. See color. Local court, a court whose 
jurisdiction is territorially limited to a comparatively small 
district, such as a single county, city, or town. Local 
currents, currents due to local action ; also, in teleg., 
currents in a local circuit. Local degree, equation. 
See the nouns. Local government, the regulation and 
administration of the local affairs of a city or district by 
the people of it, as distinguished from such regulation and 
administration by authority of the state or nation at large. 
Local Government Act. (a) An English statute of 18SS 
(21 and 22 Viet., c. 98), relating to the public health and 
sanitary control, whose provisions take effect in particular 
places only when the act is adopted by the local authori- 
ties. It has been frequently amended. (6) An English statute 
of 1888 (51 and 52 Viet , c. 41X initiating a system for the local 
self-government of the various counties of England and 
Wales (or in some cases divisions of a countyX and of alargc 
number of boroughs (and in the case of London of a district 
consisting of parts of three counties), and organizing in 
each a government under the control of its people, for 
municipal purposes. Its chief feature is the transfer 
from departments of the imperial government, to a county 
council in each, of the regulation of local affairs, such as 
highways, health, education, etc. Local Government 
Board, a department of the English government under 
the act of Parliament of August, 1871 (34 and 35 Viet., c. 
70X having supervision of the laws relating to the pub- 
lic health, the relief of the poor, registration of births, 
etc., and other matters of local government, including 
(under 35 and 36 Viet., c. 79) highways and turnpikes. 
Local immunity. See immunity, 3. Local improve- 
ments, improvements by public works, such as bridges, 
parks, etc., which benefit chiefly a particular locality 
rather than the state at large. Local law. See statute. 
Local legislation, local statute, such legislation or 
statute as is in terms applicable not to the state at large, 
but only to some district or locality and to the people 
therein. See legislation Local motion, motion in the 
ordinary sense of change of place ; locomotion, as opposed 
to augmentation, diminution, and deformation. Local 
option, the determination by vote of the people of a town 
or other minor political community as to whether or not 
any licenses to sell intoxicating liquors shall be granted : 
a principle of law established in some of the United States 
and advocated in others. The principle has also obtained 
recognition in England. Local preacher, (a) In the 
Meth. Epis. Cft., one who is licensed to preach within a cer- 
tain district, generally as an assistant to the pastor and as 
a candidate for ordination. (/<} In England, a dissenting 
clergyman who preaches at different places. Halliwell. 
Local probability, a branch of mathematics which con- 
siders the mean values of geometrical magnitudes con- 
forming to certain conditions, and the like. For example, 
it is a proposition in local probability that if three points 
are taken at random within a triangle, the mean of the 
small triangle will be one twelfth that of the large one. 
Local problem, a problem in which the thing sought is a 
geometrical locus. Local proposition, in loyic, a propo- 
sition consisting of two clauses united by a local adverb: 
as, "Where there is smoke there is flre." Local sign, in 
psychol., something which is supposed to distinguish the 
impressions made upon one nerve-termination from those 
made upon another, and which serves especially to ren- 
der possible, or to facilitate, the perception of objects aa 
extended in space. The theory of local signs was pro- 
pounded by H. Lotze. See the quotation. 
Every impression of color for example, red produces 
on all places of the retina which it reaches the same sen- 
sation of redness. In addition to this, however, it pro- 
duces on each of these different places, A, B. C, a certain 
accessory impression, a, b, c, which is independent of the 
nature of the color seen, and dependent merely on the 
nature of the place excited. This second local impression 
would therefore be associated with every impression of 
color r, in such manner that ra signifies a red that acts 
on the point A, rb signifies the same red in case it acts 
on the point B. These associated accessory impressions 
would, accordingly, render for the soul the clue by follow- 
ing which it transposes the same red, now to one, now to 
another spot, or simultaneously to different spots in the 
space intuited by it. ... The foregoing is the theory of 
local signs. Lotze, Short Psychology (trans.). 
Local space, an extended volume : opposed to a space 
of time. Local time, time reckoned from the instant of 
transit of the mean sun (or, in the case of sidereal time, of 
the first point of Aries) over the local meridian. Local 
value, the value pertaining to the place of a digit in the 
ordinary system of arithmetic. 
H. . 1. A local item in a newspaper. [U.S.] 
2. In teleg.: (a) A local-circuit battery. (b) 
The circuit itself, including everything belong- 
ing to the current in an office or station except 
the line-wire and the instruments included in 
the line-circuit. 
locale (16-kal'), n. [< F. local, a locality: see 
local. The spelling is false, appa?. in simula- 
tion of morale.'] A place, spot, or locality ; spe- 
cifically, a site or scene, considered with refer- 
ence to circumstances connected with it. 
But no matter lay 
The locale where you may ; 
And where it is no one exactly can say. 
Barham, Ingoldsby Legends, II. 227. 
localisation, localise. See localisation, localize. 
localism (16'kal-izm), . [< local + -ism.'] 1. 
The state or condition of being local or local- 
3496 
ized; limitation to a place or to a locality; also, 
the influence exerted by a locality. 
Some occult law of localism by which associated forms 
often become impressed with mutual resemblances. 
Nature, XXX. 228. 
2. Attachment to a locality, or a peculiar lim- 
ited phase of thought or feeling growing out of 
such attachment; provincialism; in general, any 
product of local influences: as, the localism of 
one's views or affections. 
Congress is simply an aggregate seething and struggling 
of a great number of localisms rarely or never losing 
themselves in the stream of national or patriotic feeling. 
S. Bowles, in Merriam, II. 428. 
3. A mode of speaking or acting peculiar to a 
place; a local idiom, phrase, or custom. 
localistic (16-ka-lis'tik), a. [< local + -istic.~] 
1. Relating or" pertaining to localization ; of 
localized character or quality. 
The confirmation of the localistic theory of cholera . . . 
can no longer be put in question. Pop. Sci. Mo., XX. 336. 
2. Having the character of localism or a local- 
ism. 
locality (lo-kal'i-ti), n. ; pi. localities (-tiz). [= 
F. localite = Sp! 'localidad = Pg. localidade = It. 
localita, < LL. localita(t-)s, locality (as a quality 
of bodies), < localis, belonging to a place : see 
local.] 1. The condition of being in a place; 
position or situation in general ; the immediate 
relation of an object to a place. 
Fond Fancy's eye, 
That inly gives locality and form 
To what she prizes best. 
W. Mason, English Garden, iii. 
2. Any part of space; a situation; position; 
particularly, a geographical place or situation: 
as, a healthy locality ; the locality of a mineral, 
plant, or animal. Compare habitat, 2. 
My first rambles, moreover, had a peculiar charm, which 
knowledge of locality has since taken away. 
Howetti, Venetian Life, ii. 
3. Legal restriction as to place or location. 
4. In phren., the faculty to which is ascribed 
the power of remembering the details of places 
and the location of objects. Absolute locality, 
that which belongs to a body irrespective of the locality 
of any other body. Decree of locality. See decree. 
Locality Of a widow, in Scots law, the lands life-rented 
by a widow under her contract of marriage. Relative 
or respective locality, the spatial relations of a body to 
other bodies. 
localizable (16'kal-I-za-bl), a. [< localize + 
-flftfe.] Capable of being localized, located, or 
fixed in or referred to a place. 
The feelings classed as emotions, which are not, localiza- 
ble in the bodily framework. 
H. Spencer, Data of Ethics, p. 78. 
localization (lo'kal-i-za'shon), n. [< localize 
+ -ation.~] 1 . The "act of localizing, or the state 
of being localized. 
The contrast as to the centralization or localization of 
administrative power . . . between England and other 
civilized countries. Sir E. Creasy, Eng. Const., p. 332. 
Specifically 2. The reference, in perception, 
of a sensation to some part of the body (as the 
place where it originates), or to some point in 
space outside of the body (as a quality of a 
perceived object). 
Perception as a psychological term has received various, 
though related, meanings for different writers. It -is 
sometimes used for the recognition of a sensation or 
movement as distinct from its mere presentation, and 
thus is said to imply the more or less definite revival of 
certain residua or re-presentations of past experience 
which resembled the present. More frequently it is used 
as the equivalent of what has been otherwise called the 
" localization and projection " of sensations that is to 
say, a sensation presented either as an affection of some 
part of our own body regarded as extended or as a state of 
some foreign body beyond it. 
J. Ward, Encyc. Brit., XX. 52. 
Also spelled localisation. 
Localization of cerebral functions, the existence of 
peculiarly close relations between the functions of the 
various peripheral nerves and certain limited areas of the 
cerebral cortex, so that the removal of one of these areas 
will involve the abolition of the voluntary control of the 
efferent nerves of a certain part, or, if sensory nerves are 
concerned, will preclude sensation from following their 
stimulation. On the other hand, stimulation of these 
same areas will give rise to a sensation as if in the part, 
or to definite muscular actions in the part, 
localize (16'kal-Iz), v. t. ; pret. and pp. local- 
ized, ppr. localizing. [< local + -fee.] 1. To 
make local; fix in, or assign to or restrict to, 
a particular place; determine the locality or 
limit the extent of. 
Thus everywhere to truth Tradition clings, 
Or Fancy localizes Powers we love. 
Wordsworth, Fancy and Tradition. 
Specifically 2. To refer (a sensation) in per- 
ception to some point of the body or to some 
locator 
point in space outside of the body. See local- 
ization, 2. 
If we turn away our eyes, we cease to see the flame at 
which we have been looking, but the after-image remains 
and is projected upon the wall, and continues still local- 
ized in the dark field of sight even if we close our eyes 
altogether. J. Ward, Encyc. Brit., XX. 59. 
Also spelled localise. 
localizer (16'kal-I-z6r), n. [< localize + -er.~] A 
small coil of definite resistance placed at each 
station of an electric fire-alarm system, which 
is brought into the circuit when the alarm is 
given, thus enabling the observer at the receiv- 
ing-station to know the locality from which the 
alarm is sent. 
locally (16'kal-i), adv. With respect to place ; 
in place: as" to be locally separated or distant. 
locate (16'kat), v.\ pret. and pp. located, ppr. lo- 
cating. [< L. locatus, pp. of locare, place, put. 
set, let, etc., < locus, a place : see local. Cf. 
allocate, allow 1 , collocation, etc.] I. trans. 1. 
To fix in a place; establish in a particular 
spot or position; place; settle: as, to locate 
one's self in a certain town or street. 
She was already "of a certain age," and. despairing of a 
lover, accepted the good old country squire, and was lo- 
cated for the rest of her life as mistress of Lonstead Ab- 
bey. Farrar, Julian Home, p. 55. 
2. To fix the place of; determine the situation 
or limits of: as, to locate the. site of a building; 
to locate a tract of public land by surveying it 
and denning its boundaries; to locate a land- 
claim ; to locate (lay out) the line of a railroad. 
[Chiefly U. S.] 
That your Majesty would grant to his petitioners, . . . 
by the name of the Mississippi Company, 2,500,000 acres 
of land ... to be located between the thirty-eighth and 
forty-second degree of north latitude. 
Arthur Lee, Petition to King in Council (1768). (Bartlett.) 
II. intrans. To reside ; place one's self or be 
placed ; adopt or form a fixed residence. 
Beneath whatever roof they locate, they disturb the 
peace of mind and happiness of some confiding female. 
Dickens, Pickwick, rviii. 
location (lo-ka'shon), n. [= F. location = Sp. 
locacion = Pg. Ipc'aqao = It. locaeione, < L. lo- 
catio(n-), a placing, < locare, pp. locatus, place : 
see located] 1. The act of placing or settling: 
as, the location of settlers in a new country. 
2. Situation with respect to place ; place. 
To say that the world is somewhere means no more than 
that it does exist ; this, though a phrase borrowed from 
place, signifying only its existence, not location. Locke. 
3. The act of fixing by survey, or otherwise de- 
termining, the site or bounds of a piece or tract 
of land (as under a claim for a specified quan- 
tity of public land), laying out the line of a 
railroad or canal, or the like. [Chiefly U. 'S.] 
4. That which is located; a tract of land with 
boundaries designated or marked out. [U. S.] 
A location is held to be that quantity of mining ground 
which one person may legally acquire by location, in one 
body. Shinn, Land Laws of Mining Districts, p. 51. 
An odd corner of a great township such as they measure 
off in these wilds, where they take in, with some eligible 
locations of Intervale land, miles also of pathless forest. 
Mrs. Whitney, Leslie Goldthwaite, vi. 
5. In civil law, a leasing on rent Contract of 
location, a contract of hiring either of the use of a chattel 
or of services in respect to a chattel, the possession of the 
chattel being in either case transferred for the purpose. 
Where the possession and use of the thing is hired, the 
contract is called locatio rei or locatio- conductio rei. Where 
the possession is transf erred to one whose service in respect 
to trie thing is hired, as where goods are delivered to a 
carrier, the contract is called locatio operorum or locatio 
operis mercium vehendarttm; or, if the service involves a re- 
sulting change in the thing, as where cloth is delivered to 
a tailor to make a garment, locatio operis faciendi. De- 
finitive location. See definitive. 
locative (lok'a-tiv), a. and u. [= OF. locatif, 
< ML. locativus, < L. locare, place: see locate.] 
I. a. 1. Ingram., indicating place, or the place 
where or wherein : as, a locative adjective; a 
locative case. 2. In anat. and zool., serving to 
locate or to indicate location or relative situa- 
tion in a series. Thus, the name metencephalon 
or midbrain is locative of the part between ex- 
tremes of a series. 
The advantages of locative names. 
Buck's Handbook of Med. Sciences, VIII. 517. 
II. n. In gram., a case-form indicating loca- 
tion, as existing in the original Indo-European 
or Aryan language, and preserved in some of 
its descendants, especially the Sanskrit, in Latin 
and Greek it is not ordinarily recognized as a separate 
case, but is found in a number of isolated examples, and 
'n the former language in the established use of certain 
case-forms (generally called genitives and ablatives) of 
names of placeF . Locative absolute. See absolute, 
a., 11. 
locator (16'ka-tor), n. [< L. locator, one who 
lets, an undertaker, < locare, pp. locatus, place, 
