lotto 
mg number on one of the cards covered. That player 
who first covers all the numbers of one line wins the game. 
2. Same as kom. 
lot-tree (lot'tre), . A European tree, 1'i/mx 
(Norlnin) Aria. Also called white bean-tree. 
lotus (16'tus), n. [< L. lotus, lotos, < Or. ?.<jrof, 
the name of several plants (see def. ). Cf. lote'*.] 
1. One of a number of different plants famous 
in mythology and tradition, or in modern times 
associated witli traditions. Aside from the Homeric 
lotus (see Lotophairi anil Inlux-trer), the name was also given 
to several species of water-lily, as the blue water-lily, Cos- 
taiia semtifoKa (Nymphaa ccerulaa), the Egyptian wut.T 
lily, C. mygtica(fiifmph(fa Lotus), and the nelumbo(AWw?n- 
nium QMciMumX the Pythagorean or sacred bean, which 
grow in stagnantor slowlyrunning waters. Ciixtaliasecuti- 
folia and C. iititxtifir :tro often found figured on Egyptian 
imildiiiKs. columns, etc., and the noluinbo, or Hindu and 
Chinese lotus, bears a prominent part in mythology. In 
the decorative art of India the lotus-flower is used espe- 
cially as a support to the figure of a divinity or of a sage or 
deified personage. It is so represented both in relief or 
solid, as in bronze, and in paintings. Similar representa- 
tions in Chinese and Japanese ail seem to be derived di- 
rectly from India. 
2. [pa^).] [NL. (Tournefort, 1700).] A genus of 
leguminous plants, type of the tribe Lotto;, dis- 
tinguished by a two-valved pod and the pointed 
keel of the corolla. About lOO species have been de- 
scribed, which may be reduced to 50. They are found in 
the temperate and mountainous regions of Europe and 
Asia, also in Africa, America, and Australia. The plants 
are shrubby herbs, with peculiar quadri- toquinquefollato 
leaves, of which three leaflets are near the apex of the leaf 
and the other two are near the base, so as to have the ap- 
pearance of stipules. The flowers are red, pink, or white, 
and disposed in axillary umbels. The pod is oblong or 
often linear, and straight or curved. Many of the species 
are cultivated. A general name for plants of the genus 
is bird'tjmil trefoil. L. cortuculatus is the common bird's- 
foot trefoil or clover of Great Britain, etc., also called cat- 
in-clover. fai'ters-and-toes, and by other fanciful names. Its 
herbage is highly nutritious, and it is a valuable pasture - 
and meadow-plant, with taller fodder-plants, or in inferior 
soils. Some other species are also valuable. L. Jacobcea 
is sometimes called St. James's flmtxr, otjacobi. 
3. In arch., an ornament in the form of the 
Egyptian water-lily, Castalia mystica, frequent- 
ly figured in the art of ancient nations, notably 
on certain types of the capitals of Egyptian 
columns Blue lotus of the Nile, Castalia. secuMfolia. 
East Indian lotus, Castalia sacra (Xymphcea pubescent). 
Egyptian lotus, Cattalia mystica. Seedef. 1. Hunga- 
rian lotus, a European water-lily, Castalia (Symphaxi) 
thermalis. See water-lily. 
lotus-berry (16'tus-ber"i), . A small West In- 
dian tree, Byrxonima coriacca of the Malpighi- 
acc(r, bearing edible yellow drupes. 
lotus-eater (16'tus-e'ter), n. One of the Lo- 
tpphagi; hence, one who finds pleasure in a 
listless, dreamy life; a devotee of indolent 
pleasures; a languid voluptuary. 
And round about the keel with faces pale, 
Dark faces pale against that rosy flame, 
The mild-eyed melancholy Lotos-eaters came. 
Tennyson, Lotos- Eaters. 
lotus-tree (16'tus-tre), . 1. A prickly shrub, 
Zizynhtis Lotus, native in northern Africa and 
southern Europe, yielding one of the jujube- 
fruits, a sweet and pleasant-flavored drupe of 
the size of an olive. The fruit Is not equal to that of 
the common jujube, '/.. satim, but is much used for food 
where ft Is native, and furnishes a kind of wine. It is 
held by many to have been the food of the classical Lotc- 
phagt, as it agrees with the locality and description given 
by Polybius. Sec Lotophagi. 
2. The nettle-tree, Celtis australis, bearing a 
small sweet berry, which has sometimes been 
identified with the ancient lotus-food. Also 
called tree-lotus. See Celtis and ncttk-tree. 3. 
The date-plum, Diospyros Lotos, an Asiatic tree, 
cultivated in southern Europe. Its sweet, barely 
edible fruit can hardly be the classical lotus. [Among 
trees that have been supposed to be the classical lotus 
may be mentioned also li/iamnus Lotus, a North African 
shrub with a pleasant fruit, and Xitraria tridentata, a 
thorny, desert-loving shrub, whose succulent fruit has a 
stimulating quality.] 
loud (loud), a. [< ME. loud, hid. < AS. MM = 
OS. OFries. MM = D. laid = MLG. lude, LG. 
li,<l = OHG. lilut, MHG. Hit, Gt. iant (not in 
Scand. or Goth., the Dan. adv. lytlt, loudly, be- 
ing prob. of LG. origin), loud, = L. *clutus in 
induing, renowned, famous, = Gr. tf.vToc., re- 
nowned, = Skt. yruta, heard, = Ir. cloth, noble, 
brave ; orig. pp., with suffix -rf-', as also in cold, 
altl, dead, etc. (see -d 2 , -etft), of the verb reprer 
sented by L. clucre = Gr. n'/i-eiv, hear, which 
also appears in AS. Mystan, E. li.*t l , lint<-n, etc., 
also in Ur. K'/J'OC, renown, glory, L. gloria, glory, 
IttiiK (la ud-), praise, W. clod, praise, fame: see 
linft, listen, client, glory 1 , land, toscS, etc.] 1. 
Strong or powerful in sound; high-sounding: 
noisy: as, a loud cry; loud thunder. 
Curses not loud, but deep. Shale., Macbeth, v. 3. 27. 
The mill-bell . . . clanged out presently with irregular 
but loud and alnrmiiiK clln. Charlotte Rrinitr, Shirley, ii. 
3528 
2. Uttering or emitting a great noise ; giving 
out a strong sound : as, loud instruments. 
Praise him upon the loud cymbals. Ps. cL 
3. Speaking with energy or enthusiasm; ve- 
hement; clamorous; noisy. 
No Blood so loud as that of Civil War. 
Coidey, Ills Majesty's Return but of .Scotland, it. 0. 
llust. To me she appears sensible and silent. 
Tony. Ay, before company. But when she's with her 
playmate, she's as loud as a hog in a gate. 
Goldsmith, She Stoops to Conquer, II. 
4f. High : boisterous ; stormy ; turbulent. 
For if the French be lords of this loud day. 
Shale., K. John.v. 4. 14. 
5. Urgent or pressing; crying: as, a loud c&ll 
for reform. 
For, I do know, the state . . . 
Cannot with safety cast him, for he's embark'd 
With such luiul reason to the Cyprus wars. 
Shot., Othello, L 1. 151. 
6. Ostentatious; pompous; pretentious; boast- 
ful. 
Many men . . . labour only for a pompous epitaph, and 
a loud title upon their marble. Jer. Taylor. 
7. Flashy; showy; overloaded with ornament 
or colors, as a garment or a work of art; con- 
spicuous in manner or appearance; vulgar; 
overdone. [Colloq.] 
This Edward had picked up ... a much more loqua- 
cious, ostentatious, much louder style [of character] than 
is freely patronised on this side of the Channel. 
Carlyle, Sterling, 1. 2. (Dacies.) 
Stained glass, indeed ! loud, garish, thin, painty. 
The Century, XX VII. 106. 
8. Strong in smell ; of evil odor. [Colloq.] 
The natives keep their seal meat almost any length of 
time, in winter, for use ; and, like our old duck ana bird 
hunters, they say they prefer to have the meat tainted 
rather than fresh, declaring that it is most tender and 
toothsome when decidedly loud. 
Fisheries of U.S., V. ii. 473. 
Loud pedal Same as damper-pedal. =Syn. 1 and 2. Re- 
sounding, vociferous. 
loud (loud), adv. [< ME. loude = OS. hltido = 
D. luid = OHG. hluto, MHG. lute, Gr. laut = Dan. 
lydt (prob. < LG.); < loud, a.~\ Loudly; noisily. 
And suppe not lotode of thy Pottage, no tyme in all thy 
lyfe. Babees Book (E. E. T. 8.), p. 76. 
Who knocks so loud at door? 
Shale., 2 Hen. IV., ii 4. 881. 
Loud and (nr or) still' , under all circumstances ; at all 
times. 
Karli ne late, lowde tie stUle, 
Bacbitc no man, blood ne boon. 
Hymns to Virgin, etc. (E. E. T. S.), p. 109. 
loudet, . [ME., also lude, < AS. hlyde (= MHG. 
tut, Gt. laut), sound, < Jiliid, loud: see loud, a.] 
Sound. Layamon. 1. 259. 
loudfult (loud'ful), a. [< loud + -/?.] Loud. 
The cornets and organs playing loudfull musicke. 
Marston, Sophonisba, 1. 2. 
loud-lunged (loud'lungd), n. Vociferous; bel- 
lowing. [Bare.] 
Our Boanerges with his threats of doom, 
And Ioud4ung'd Antibabylonianisms, . . . 
Went both to make your dream. 
Tennyson, Sea Dreams. 
loudly (loud'li), adv. 1. With great sound or 
noise; noisily; clamorously; with vehemence 
or importunity: as, he loudly complained of 
intolerance. 2. Ostentatiously; conspicuous- 
ly; showily; glaringly: as, he was very loudly 
(Tressed. fColloq.] 
loud-mouthed (loud'moutht), . Having or 
talking with a loud voice ; talking vociferously 
or clamorously. 
As lnuil-ninuthfd and repulsive a set of political vaga- 
bonds as ever canted about principles or hungered after 
loaves and fishes. JT. A. Rev., CXX1II. 426. 
loudness (lond'nes), w. 1. The state or quality 
of being loud; great sound or noise; clamor; 
uproar : as, the loudness of a voice or an instru- 
ment. 2. Conspicuousness ; flashiness; showi- 
ness: as, loudness of dress. [Colloq.] 
lough 1 (loch), n. [< Ir. loch, a lake, lough, arm 
of the sea (cf. log, a pit, dike, small lough), = 
Gael, loch = W. lliceli, a lake: see totei.] 1. 
A lake : same as locJi^-, especially with refer- 
ence to lakes in Ireland. 
He [the piper] began to play on his Pipes, and all the 
Rats and the Mice followed him to a great Lough hard by, 
where they all perished. Uouvll, Letters, I. vi. 49. 
2. A cavity in a rock. [Prov. Eng.] 
Iough 2 t. An obsolete preterit of laugh. 
louis (lii'i), H. [F., a coin, so named from /,.// ~ 
XIII.] A fjold coin of France Louis d'or (louia 
of gold), a gold coin of France, first struck in 1640, in 
the reign of Louis XIII., and coined continuously there- 
after until 17fT>. It ranR e d in value from about $4 to $4.60, 
look 
having, at the time of the Revolution, the Intrinsic value 
of 28.60 franc*. I mlt-r the Restoration the republican and 
Imperial 20-franc piece wag styled touu, and U (till somc- 
times BO styled (Instead of nai*4run: tee napoleon) by per- 
eons of legitfmtst principles. 
louisette (lo-i-zef), . [P.: so called from a 
Dr. Louis: see guillotine.] A former name (in 
French) of the guillotine. 
Louisianian (lij-e-zi-an'i-an), a. and n. [< Loui- 
siana (see def.) + -tan.']" I. a. Pertaining to 
Louisiana, one of the southern United States. 
IB not this the very poetry of landscape, of I.miuianian 
landscape? Qayarre, Hist. Louisiana, I. 13. 
II. n. A native or an inhabitant of Louisiana. 
louisine (16-i-zen'), . [< Louis or Louise, a 
person's name, + -twe 1 .] A thin and soft silk 
material used for summer wear. 
Louis-Quatorze (16'i-ka-tdrz'), a. [F.] An 
epithet designating a style of architecture and 
decoration prevalent in France in the reign of 
Louis XIV. (1643-1715), and copied in other 
countries. It Is especially characteristic of palaces and 
large mansions of that period. Externally the forms are in 
a freely treated classical style, and rustication Is much em- 
ployed ; the windows are larger and the rooms more lofty 
and spacious than in buildings of the time immediately pre- 
ceding, and there is a constant effort to attain majesty and 
suraptuousness. The palace of Versailles and the eastern 
colonnade of the Louvre are prominent examples of Lonis- 
Quatorze. The style is characteristically illustrated in in- 
ternal decoration, the favorite medium of which was gilt 
stucco-work combined in figures uniting lavishness with 
studied symmetry and balance of parts. The scroll and 
shell appear as familiar details, and panels either rec- 
tangular or nearly rectangular in form, sometimes se- 
verely plain, sometimes ornamented are commonly pres- 
ent as a main feature of the design. The classical orna- 
ments and all the elements of the earlier Renaissance 
styles are admitted, but are treated with the modifica- 
tions imposed by the spirit of the age. In decorative art 
the Louis-Quatorze style embraces several new methods 
of decoration, such as incrusted work and the free use of 
veneers of precious woods, as well as the mounting and 
ornamentation of furniture in elaborate designs of gilded 
bronze, applied as lock-plates, hinges, handles, etc. The 
forms of panels, of pieces of furniture, and the like be- 
come more varied than in the earlier Renaissance, and the 
ornamentation has but little reference to natural forms. 
The richly inlaid furniture of Boule (see buhl) surpassed 
all previous work of this kind. 
Louis-Quinze (16'i-kanz'), a. [P.] An epithet 
designating the style of French architecture 
and decoration which succeeded the Lonis-Qua- 
torze style, and characterized the reign of Louis 
XV. (1715-74). In it the peculiarities of the pre- 
ceding style are carried to extremes ; the severe sense of 
proportion and measure which always characterized the 
magnificence of the seventeenth century is replaced by a 
complete disregard of symmetry and of the interdepen- 
dence of masses, by an elongated treatment of the foliations 
of the scroll, and by a profusion of shell-work of crimped 
and fantastic but meaningless conventionality. In its 
most debased and tawdry form, ornament of this style is 
termed rococo. 
Louis-Seize (16'i-saz'). . [F.) An epithet des- 
ignating the style of architecture and orna- 
mental design which prevailed in France in the 
reign of Louis XVI. (1774-92), distinguished by 
a return to greater simplicity than under Louis 
XV., and not seldom by the aim to reproduce 
classical architectural forms, as in parts of fur- 
niture, etc. The members of tables, chairs, etc., are 
very commonly slender, the moldings delicate and refined, 
the general forms right-angled ana severe : but the sur- 
face decoration is very richly diversified. The arts of en- 
graving, porcelain-decoration, tapestry, etc., were very 
Srosperous and characteristic during the prevalence of 
Ills style. 
Louis-Treize (16'i-traz'), a. [F.] An epithet 
designating the styles of French architecture 
and decoration characteristic of the reign of 
Louis Xm. (1610-43), or in general of the first 
half of the seventeenth century. The architecture 
of this time is less light and elegant than that of the ear- 
lier Renaissance ; it makes extensive use of orders based 
on the classical, and seeks to make them massive and big, 
carrying the columns from the base of the edifice to the 
cornice. High-pitched roofs continue in favor, as well as 
polychrome effects from the combination of stone and 
brick ; and rustic work or bosaage is accentuated. In cabi- 
net-work and decoration kindred elements of design ob- 
tain; pseudo-classical columns and engaged columns,often 
bossed, are usual, and are combined with entablatures, 
etc., following more or less closely the Vitruvian dicta. 
Carving in relief is abundant, and often good, but in gen- 
eral less delicate than that of the earlier Renaissance. 
louk 1 , i'. A dialectal variant of lock 1 . 
